General CO Flashcards

(101 cards)

1
Q

What agency, under FIFRA, was given the authority to study the consequences of pesticide usage and require users to register when using pesticide?

A

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

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2
Q

Name the four signal words in order of least to most hazardous.

A

Caution, Warning, Danger, and Danger-Poison

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3
Q

What are the two main pesticide classifications?

A

Restricted use and unclassified use (general use) pesticides

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4
Q

What classification of pesticide might result in an unreasonable adverse effect on human health and/or the environment; However, application by trained person according to label directions would protect against such an effect.

A

Restricted Use Pesticides (RUP)

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5
Q

In Colorado, what agency is responsible to regulating pesticides?

A

Department of Agriculture

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6
Q

What describes any person who engages in the business of applying pesticide or operating a device for hire?

A

A Commercial Applicator

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7
Q

FIFRA makes it unlawful to use any pesticide in a manner inconsistent with its ________ ?

A

Label

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8
Q

What organizations work with the EPA to suspend the use of certain pesticides in accordance with the Endangered Species Act if an endangered species will be adversely affected.

A

US Fish and Wildlife Service, NOAA, and the Fisheries Service

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9
Q

When does the Department of Transportation (DOT) dictate rules when transporting pesticides?

A

When transporting pesticides between states.

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10
Q

When notifying any person listed on the registry of pesticide sensitive persons, when must you notify this person before application and if unable to notify, what must you do?

A

No later than 24 hours and if the person cannot be contacted, a written noticed must be placed on their door at the time of application.

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11
Q

When arriving on site, what is the first and most important step?

A

Inspection

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12
Q

After determining that use must apply a pesticide, what is the most valuable few minutes you can spend in pest management?

A

Reading the label

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13
Q

On the label, what is the name given by scientists for the products active ingredient?

A

Chemical name

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14
Q

What is a well known made up name, excepted by the EPA, to identify an active ingredient? It must be used with the chemical name in the active ingredient section on the label.

A

The common name

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15
Q

Employers must contain copies of what document for each hazardous chemical in the work place? It must be readily accessible to personnel.

A

SDS (Safety Data Sheet)

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16
Q

What describes the way pesticides affect and enter pests?

A

Mode of action

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17
Q

What is the definition of a non-selective or broad-spectrum pesticide?

A

A pesticide that affects many species including target and beneficial pests.

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18
Q

What is the definition of a selective pesticide?

A

A pesticide that affects a select few or target pests.

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19
Q

What is a residual pesticide?

A

A pesticide that is persistent, meaning they remain active in the environment for a period of time, even if rain or wind has carried them away from the target site.

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20
Q

What is an active ingredient?

A

The concentrated pesticide chemical

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21
Q

What is a pesticide formulation?

A

The mixture of active and other ingredients

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22
Q

What product formulations are ready for use without additional dilution, such as, water, air or a petroleum based solvent?

A

Baits, granules, gels and dusts

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23
Q

Formulation types can be divided into what three groups?

A

Solids, liquids and gases

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24
Q

A number in front of the formulation abbreviation in the brand name usually refers to the ______ of the active ingredient of the dry formulation or percent by volume of a liquid formulation. (Ex: 50WP or 4F)

A

Percent by weight

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25
Know the formulation types of pesticides
Found on page 43-45 of the General Study Guide
26
What is phytotoxicity?
Injury to plants
27
What is a spot treatment?
Treating within a 2x2 ft area
28
What is leaching?
Movement of pesticides through the soil
29
What is adsorption?
A pesticide held strongly to soil particles that is less likely to leech
30
What type of pesticide concentrates in the fatty tissue of animals?
chlorinated hydrocarbons
31
What is bioaccumulation?
When a pesticide is stored within a living creature and will increase with further exposure
32
What is volatilization?
When a pesticide turns into a gas or vapor at a higher temperature
33
What type of pesticide dissolves easily in water and are more likely to lead to pesticide runoff?
Soluble pesticides
34
The _____ serves as the diluent for the pesticide formulation and is the material to which the formulated pesticide is added for application. Its primary purpose is to enable uniform distribution of a small amount of formulated pesticide to a large area.
Carrier
35
In addition to applying pesticides, what are some other methods of controlling pests that are frequently used in IPM?
Biological control, mechanical control, cultural control, genetic control, environmental modification and regulatory control
36
What does FIFRA stand for?
Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act
37
What is the formula for calculating the area of a square or rectangle?
Length x width
38
How do you determine the area of a circle?
(radius x radius) x 3.14
39
How to do you determine the area of a triangle?
(base x height) / 2
40
Doubling the ground speed of a sprayer _____ the application rate by half if the nozzle pressure remains constant.
Reduces
41
To double flow rate, pressure must increase _______.
4x
42
How many ounces in 1 gallon?
128 ounces per 1 gallon
43
What is the formula to find the number of acres you can treat per spray tank?
Tank size in gallons / gallons per acre (GPA)
44
What is the formula to find the amount of chemical to add per tank?
Number of acreas x rate of chemical to be applied per acre
45
What is the first task should you preform after you have finished spraying pesticides?
Flush the spray system with water to prevent chemical build up.
46
What are the three C's of spill management?
Control, Contain and Clean up
47
Hazard, also referred to as risk, is the possibility that injury will result from the use of a substance in a given formulation and includes two factors which are ______ and ______.
Toxicity and exposure
48
_______ is the potential a substance has to produce injury or death to humans, animals or plants.
Toxicity
49
What does the abbreviation LD stand for?
Lethal Dose
50
The term LD50 is used to explain what?
The does that will kill 50% of a large population of test animals.
51
The _____ the LD50 value, the more poisonous the pesticide.
Lower
52
______ is a result of an accidental or an intentional single exposure to a substance dose of toxicant.
Acute toxicity
53
_______ is a result of frequently repeated exposure to lower toxicant doses.
Chronic toxicity
54
Repeated minor exposure to many kinds of products, including pesticides, may sensitize some people to react adversely to a family of chemicals. This is called _______.
Hypersensitivity
55
What are the two more significant health hazard pesticide types?
Organophosphates and Carbamates
56
After applying PPE yourself, what is the first step taken when administering first aid to a person suspected of pesticide poisoning?
Moving them away from the source of contamination
57
What does EPA stand for?
Environmental Protection Agency
58
What does DOT stand for?
Department of Transportation
59
Who do FIFRA regulations apply to?
People who manufacture, formulate, market, distribute, use or dispose of pesticide products.
60
What organization determines which pesticides are federally classified as restricted use or general use?
EPA
61
Restricted use pesticides can only be sold to who?
Certified Applicators
62
What are the two categories of certified applicators?
Private applicators and commercial applicators
63
What is a Private Applicator?
An applicator who supervises or uses pesticides on their own land.
64
Before a pesticide can be used or sold, it must be registered with which organization?
EPA
65
Before a pesticide can be used on food crops, EPA sets a tolerance, or maximum residue limit. Define maximum residue limit.
The amount of pesticide residue allowed to remain in or on each treated food commodity.
66
What is a Certified Operator?
An individual who mixed, loads or applies any pesticide, including RUPs , under the supervision of a qualified supervisor.
67
What is a Qualified Supervisor?
An individual who is licensed to apply pesticides without supervision and can supervise others doing pest control.
68
What is required to be on all pesticide application records?
Name and address for whom the application was made, location, target pest, what was treated, pesticide used with EPA registration number, dilution rate, amount used, time and date, carrier (if not water), person who made the application.
69
Who must be in possession of the pesticide label when a pesticide is applied?
The applicator who is making the application.
70
What are the requirements for pesticide storage areas?
Pesticides are stored separately to avoid contamination, area is posted and locked, clean and orderly, local fire department is notified of the storage area, working fire extinguisher, all containers are labeled.
71
What are the requirements for Service Vehicle Identification (any vehicle or trailer used for applying or carrying pesticides)?
Both sides of the vehicle have the company name(2inch high letters) and the city and state of where the records are kept(1 inch high letters).
72
What is a Dry Flowable (DF)/Water Dispersible Granule (WDG)?
Formulated into small pellets or granules, Forms a suspension in water
73
What are the advantages to a Dry Flowable (DF)/Water Dispersible Granule (WDG)?
Easier to measure and mix than WP, Less inhalation hazard than WP
74
What are the disadvantages to a Dry Flowable (DF)/Water Dispersible Granule (WDG)?
Spray mix requires constant agitation, Abrasive
75
What is a bait?
Particulates that are A.I. mixed with attractants or edible substances, Mixture of large particles or granular formulation
76
What are the advantages to baits?
Easy to spot treat and ready to use
77
What are the disadvantages to baits?
Accessible to pets and children
78
What are Dusts?
Dry materials made of AI and inerts, finely ground dry material of a low concentration of AI
79
What are the advantages of Dusts?
Ready to use and Effective in hard to reach indoor areas
80
What are the disadvantages of Dusts?
They can drift and are easily inhaled
81
What is a Granular (G) formulation type?
Mix of dry, large free-flowing particles (clay, ground corn cob, manufactured granules), Usually with a low concentration of AI
82
What are the advantages of Granular (G) formulation types?
Ready to use, no mixing and minimal drift
83
What are the disadvantages of Granular (G) formulation types?
Some dust, may need incorporation
84
What is a Pellet (P or PS) formulation type?
Preformed mixture of AI and inerts to form small peices
85
What is the advantage to the Pellet (P or PS) formulation type?
Easy to spot treat
86
What is the disadvantage to the Pellet (P or PS) formulation type?
Accessible to pets and children
87
What is a Soluble Powder (SP or S)?
Dry material that can be dissolved in liquid (goes into true solution when mixed with water)
88
What is the advantage of a Soluble Powder (SP or S)?
Agitation not needed after mixing
89
What is the disadvantage of a Soluble Powder (SP or S)?
Dust can be inhaled
90
What is a Wettable Powder (WP or W)?
Dry material made of AI and formulant, Contains a wetting and dispersing agent, and mixed with water and form a suspension
91
What are the advantages to Wettable Powder (WP or W)?
Less skin absorption than EC, lower phytotoxicity, and resistant to weathering
92
What are the disadvantages to Wettable Powder (WP or W)?
Hazardous if inhaled, needs premixing and constant agitation, abrasive, and may clog screens and filters
93
What is a Concentrated Emulsion (EW)?
Consist of thick water based emulsion and an AI paste, Diluted in spray tank for application
94
What is the advantage of a Concentrated Emulsion (EW)?
Minimize level of solvent needed to dissolve pesticide and emulsify the solution in water.
95
What is the disadvantage of a Concentrated Emulsion (EW)?
Hazardous if ingested
96
What is an Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC or E)?
Clear solution with emulsifiers to be diluted in water, Final emulsion spray solution has a milky look, Forms true solution when mixed with water.
97
What are the advantages of an Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC or E)?
High concentration of AI so less product to store, purchase or transport, easily mixed, and non-abrasive
98
What are the disadvantages of an Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC or E)?
Amount of AI increases mixing hazard, flammable, and easily absorbed through skin
99
What is a Flowable (F)?
Finely ground solid particles of AI suspended in a liquid carrier, and Forms true solution when mixed with water
100
What are the advantages of a Flowable (F) formulation type?
No dust and premix not needed
101
What are the disadvantages of Flowable (F)?
Spray mix needs constant agitation and abrasive