Turf Pest Control Cat. 206

Question 1

Name common Colorado cool season grasses

Answer 1

Bluegrass, tall fescue and ryegrass

Question 2

Name common Colorado warm season grasses

Answer 2

Bermudagrass, zoysia and buffalograss

Question 3

What is the most common type of small animal found in turf grass?

Answer 3

Arthropod

Question 4

What common turf pest are arachnids?

Answer 4

Mites and spiders

Question 5

What steps do insects undergo in simple metamorphosis?

Answer 5

Eggs, nymphs and then adult

Question 6

Typically nymphs go through 3-5 stages known as what?

Answer 6

Instars

Question 7

Insects that undergo complete metamorphosis go through what stages?

Answer 7

Egg, larvae, pupae and then adult

Question 8

Order of insects that include: May and June Beetles, White Grubs and Billbugs.

Answer 8

Coleoptera

Question 9

Order of insects that include: Moths, butterflies, caterpillars, cutworms and webworms.

Answer 9

Lepidoptera

Question 10

Order of insects that include: Chinchbug, Flase Chinchbug, greenbug aphid and leafhoppers

Answer 10

Hemiptera

Question 11

Order of insects that include: Ants, ground nesting bees and wasps

Answer 11

Hymenoptera

Question 12

Order of insects that include: March Fly, Frit Fly and Fungus Gnat

Answer 12

Diptera

Question 13

Order of insects that include: Crickets and grasshoppers

Answer 13

Orthoptera

Question 14

Order of insects that include: Earwigs

Answer 14

Dermaptera

Question 15

Order of insects that include: Thrips

Answer 15

Thysanoptera

Question 16

One way some types of grass can resist insects is by being associated with certain beneficial fungi, known as _____ .

Answer 16

endophytic

Question 17

What type of insecticide can penetrate the exoskeleton of an insect?

Answer 17

Contact insecticide

Question 18

What type of insecticide primarily enters through the breathing opening (spiracles)?

Answer 18

Fumigants

Question 19

What are the major classes of insecticides used in turf grass?

Answer 19

Pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and anthranilic diamides

Question 20

What insecticide class is fairly water soluble, does not adhere to organic matter and is affective at treating grubs?

Answer 20

Neonicotinoids

Question 21

What class of insecticide is not water soluble, binds to grass blades and thatch and is affective at treating surface insect and mites?

Answer 21

Pyrethroids

Question 22

What class of insecticide are systemic in plants and will persist for several weeks after an application?

Answer 22

Neonicotinoids

Question 23

What class of insecticide is systemic in pants and posses very low mammalian toxicity?

Answer 23

Anthranilic Diamides

Question 24

What class of insecticide is highly water soluble, short persisting in soil and it is also very susceptible to degradation in water and soils with alkaline PH?

Answer 24

Organophosphates

Question 25

What type of disease spread internally throughout the plant?

Answer 25

Systemic disease

Question 26

_____ at the point of infection characterized localized disease.

Answer 26

Lesions

Question 27

_____ conditions include compaction, soil type, fertility, water and heat stress.

Answer 27

Abiotic

Question 28

______ conditions include fungal disease, thatch, algae, moss and dog urine.

Answer 28

Biotic

Question 29

______ are biotic entities that incite disease.

Answer 29

Pathogens

Question 30

______ are organisms that are able to transmit pathogens.

Answer 30

Vectors

Question 31

Fungi reproduce from spores, which are also known as _____.

Answer 31

Mycelium

Question 32

_____ are called microscopic roundworms, but are not true worms. They are multicellular, have complex systems and reproduce sexually via eggs. They cause injury to plants by feeding on roots and severe damage my include yellowing of grass.

Answer 32

Nematodes

Question 33

_____ is the most frequently encountered environmental factor affecting plants.

Answer 33

Moisture embalanced

Question 34

_____ is the most important and widespread abiotic factor affecting plants.

Answer 34

Phytotoxicity or Herbicide injury

Question 35

What are the five stages of the disease cycle in turf?

Answer 35

Inoculation, penetration, infection, dissemination and overwintering/oversummering

Question 36

When thinking of chemical control of turf diseases, _____ work by forming a barrier between the plant and pathogen to prevent infection and the disease process.

Answer 36

Protectant Fungicides

Question 37

When thinking of chemical control of turf diseases, _____ are transported across membranes into the plant and are translocated within the plant.

Answer 37

Systemic Fungicides

Question 38

_____ are chemicals that control nematodes and are generally applied as nonvolatile contact poisons that are irrigated into the root zone of established turf.

Answer 38

Nematicides

Question 39

Weeds are generally divided into two major groups, what are they?

Answer 39

Grasses (monocots) and broadleaves (Dicots)

Question 40

Dandelion, knotweed and plantain are what kind of weed?

Answer 40

Broadleaf (Dicot)

Question 41

What are the three different plant life cycles?

Answer 41

Annuals, biennials and perennials

Question 42

_____ weeds mature in one season and are propagated by seeds. They are a continued problem because of an abundances of dormant seed, fast growth and high seed production.

Answer 42

Annual

Question 43

Summer annual weeds grow from seeds that sprout in what season('s)?

Answer 43

Spring or Summer (and they die before winter)

Question 44

_____ weeds require 2 years to develop and complete their lifecycles.

Answer 44

Biennial

Question 45

_____ weeds live more than 2 years and some may live almost indefinitely.

Answer 45

Perennial

Question 46

Grasses utilize all lifecycles except ______ .

Answer 46

Biennial

Question 47

The best cultural practice that will discourage competition from weeds is to ______.

Answer 47

Increase the density and figure of the desirable turf grass

Question 48

_____ are herbicides the at control the target weeds without damaging the desirable turf grass species.

Answer 48

Selective herbicides

Question 49

______ are broad spectrum herbicides and kill all vegetation.

Answer 49

Nonselective herbicide

Question 50

______ kill primarily by contact kill plant tissue. They are applied directly to growing plants and do not move throughout the plant.

Answer 50

Contact herbicides

Question 51

______ are absorbed through the foliage or shoots and accumulate at the active growth centers of the weed.

Answer 51

Translocated or systemic herbicides

Question 52

_____ are applied to eliminated certain problem weeds before grass is planted.

Answer 52

preplant herbicides

Question 53

_____ are applied prior to germination and emergence of weeds.

Answer 53

Pre-emergent herbicide

Question 54

_____ are used for controlling weeds that have already emerged from the soil and do not prevent weeds seeds from germination and re-infesting a lawn.

Answer 54

Postemergent herbicide

Question 55

In a pesticide formulation, a _____ is added to increase spray retention and to increase effectiveness of a pesticide.

Answer 55

Adjuvant

Question 56

Name the four stages of growth for grasses and broadleaf weeds.

Answer 56

Seedling, vegetative, bud and flowering, and maturity

Question 57

What is a white grub?

Answer 57

Larval stage of insects belonging to Scarabs (typical species in Colorado are Masked Chafers, Japanese Beetles and May and June Beetles)

Question 58

What are common symptoms of a Billbug infestation?

Answer 58

Small patches of turf appear droughty and do not respond to watering.

Question 59

How to Cut Worms typically damage turf grass and when do they feed?

Answer 59

Cut plants at the ground level and they feed at night

Question 60

Name two turf mites that damage turf that are common to Colorado.

Answer 60

Clover Mite and Banks Grass Mite

Question 61

What is a common symptom of mite damage in turf grass?

Answer 61

Grass blade gets a speckled and stippled appearance

Question 62

What type of weeds include the Common Chick Weed and Henbit?

Answer 62

Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds

Question 63

Black Medic, Prostrate, Knotweed, Common Perslane, Spotted Spurge, Lambsquarters and Red Root Pigweed are what type of weed?

Answer 63

Summer Annual Broadleaf Weeds

Question 64

Field Bindweed, White Clover, Curly Doc, Dandelion, Yellow and Creeping Wood Sorrel, Broad Leaf and Buckhorn Plantain, Common Yarrow and Canada Thistle are what type of weed?

Answer 64

Perennial Broadleaf Weed

Question 65

Bull Thistle is what type of weed?

Answer 65

Biennial Broadleaf Weed

Question 66

Annual Bluegrass is what type of weed?

Answer 66

Winter Annual Grassy Weed

Question 67

Barnyardgrass, Large and Smooth Crabgrass, Yellow Foxtail, Goosegrass, Long Spine Sand Burr are what tyoe of weed?

Answer 67

Summer Annual Grassy Weed

Question 68

Bentgrass, Rough Stalk Bluegrass, Smooth Brome, Tall Fescue and Quackgrass are what type of weed?

Answer 68

Perennial Grassy Weed