General Diagnostic Tests

Question 1

How do CT scans take pictures ?

Answer 1

In Slices (layers)

Question 2

CT scans can be done with or without what ?

Answer 2

Dye

Question 3

What do you want to do Pre-procedure for someone getting a CT scan ?

Answer 3

Check for allergies to iodine or shellfish

Question 4

Do you need a written consent for Dye ?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

What does a client getting a CT scan need to do during the procedure ?

Answer 5

Keep head still & no talking

Question 6

During a CT scan what will be placed on the head of the client and why ?

Answer 6

Velco strap on the forehead

to immobilize and remind the client to keep the head still

Question 7

Clients receiving a CT scan may become Claustrophobic and therefore what should you make sure to do to keep the client more at ease ?

Answer 7

Make sure the client knows they can talk and hear others while in the tube

Question 8

What do you want to do Post-procedure for a client who just had a CT scan ?

Answer 8

Instruct the client about signs of iodine allergy (n/v, sneezing, itching, hives) within the first few hours after a CT scan

Question 9

What are signs of an Iodine allergy ?

Answer 9

• N/V
• Sneezing
• Itching
• Hives

Question 10

Which diagnostic test picks up on pathology earlier than a CT scan ?

Answer 10

MRI

Question 11

What are 2 different types of MRI machines ?

Answer 11

• Small MRI tubes

- Open MRI machine

Question 12

MRI’s use ___________ ?

Answer 12

Magnets

Question 13

Because MRI’s use Magnets, what should be avoided ?

Answer 13

• No jewelry
• No Credit cards
• No Pacemakers

Question 14

What do you want to find out Pre-procedure from someone getting an MRI ?

Answer 14

• Find out if the client has old tattoos B/C they may contain lead
• Veterans ?

Question 15

True or False:

Veterans could have shrapnel from IED’s/bombs

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Clients receiving an MRI scan may become Claustrophobic and therefore what should you make sure to do to keep the client more at ease ?

Answer 16

Make sure the client knows that they can talk and hear others while they are in the tube

Question 17

During an MRI what must you tell the clients they have to do ?

Answer 17

Must lie still

Question 18

What do you want to explain to clients that they might hear, that might help to relieve their anxiety ?

Answer 18

A thumping sound

Question 19

With an MRI there is no __________ time, unless they were given a medication to relax ?

Answer 19

Recovery

Question 20

What can a client Post MRI procedure resume ?

Answer 20

Can resume there normal diet, activity, and medications

Question 21

What does PET scan stand for ?

Answer 21

Positron Emission Tomography

Question 22

What is the description of a PET scan ?

Answer 22

Nuclear image test to view parts of the brain (or any organ) as it’s working

Question 23

PET scans are useful in diagnosing what ?

Answer 23

• Alzheimer’s disease
• Brain tumors
• CVA (stroke)
• Parkinson’s disease
• Aspects associated with mental illness

Question 24

What is required pre-procedure for a PET scan ?

Answer 24

Informed consent required

Question 25

What must clients do During a PET scan procedure ?

Answer 25

The client must inhale a radioactive gas or be injected with a radioactive substance

Question 26

Post-procedure who can the client not have contact with and why ?

Answer 26

- No contact with infants, children, or pregnant women for 24 hours - D/t possible radiation exposure

Question 27

Post-procedure of a PET scan, what do you want to inform clients of that they may experience with the inhalation of radioactive gas ?

Answer 27

Tell the client that may have... - Dizziness - Lightheadedness - Headache

Question 28

What is the Description of a Cerebralangiography ?

Answer 28

Series of timed x-rays of the cerebral circulation using dye - They go through the femoral or brachial artery (like a heart cath!)

Question 29

With a Cerebroangiography, where do they go in through ?

Answer 29

The Femoral or Brachial artery (like a heart cath!)

Question 30

With a Cerebralangiography, what things do you want to do pre-procedure ?

Answer 30

- Check for allergies to iodine or shellfish - Informed consent required! - Monitor BUN/Creatinine - Monitor UOP - Hold Metformin - Baseline neuro assessment - Check peripheral pulse for basline - Just like a heart cath and insertions site should be prepared - Maintain hydration pre & post procedure (b/c only way to get rid of iodine based dye = through the kidneys)

Question 31

For a client receiving a Cerebralangiography, what do you want to explain to them that they will experience during the procedure ?

Answer 31

Explain that they will experience facial flushing and a metallic taste in their mouth when the dye is injected

Question 32

What things do you want to do post-procedure for a client who just had a Cerebralangiopraphy ?

Answer 32

- Monitor BUN/Creatinine - Monitor UOP - Maintain hydration - Monitor peripheral pulses - Bed rest for about 4-6 hours (remember care of the heart cath client) - Monitor for complications --> bleeding/hemorrhage (The PHP is usually going through the femoral artery) - Monitor for complications (continued) --> Embolus to the brain --> Monitor for change in LOC, one-sided weakness and paralysis, motor and sensory deficits

Question 33

What does an EEG stand for ?

Answer 33

Electroencephalography

Question 34

What is the description of an EEG (Electroencephalography) ?

Answer 34

Records electrical brain activity

Question 35

EEG's are diagnostic for what types of things ?

Answer 35

- Seizure disorders (seizure type) - Sleep disorders (narcolepsy) - Cerebral infarct - Brain tumors - Abscesses - Evaluate loss of consciousness and dementia - Screening for coma - An indicator for brain death

Question 36

What things do you want to do pre-procedure for an EEG ?

Answer 36

- Hold sedatives & stimulants (including caffeine) - Do not want to increase or decrease electricity in the brain - NOT NPO --> do not want blood sugar to drop b/c it could affect brain electricity

Question 37

Why do you NOT want client to be NPO before an EEG ?

Answer 37

B/c you do not want the blood sugar to drop because it could affect brain electricity

Question 38

What do you want to do during and EEG procedure ?

Answer 38

Baseline EEG with client lying quietly

Question 39

Is there a recovery time after a EEG procedure ?

Answer 39

NO!