General Equilibrium Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is dynamic equilibrium
When reactions are still occuring but at the same rate so its at equilibiutm
Conditions for dynamic equil
constant temp, closed system
What is closed system+ ex
is a condition for equilibrium
eng can cross oundary but matter cannot
What is forward/ revers Reaction+ ex
fwd, when it goes from left to right
reverse, when it goes from right to left in
in equil eq
What are the macroscopic properties +ex
observable or measureable property
ph, pressure, colour, volume, temp
What Is homogenous/heterogenous equilibrium + ex
homo - A chemical system at equilibrium where all of the components are in the same physical state
Het - a chemical system at equilibrium where the components are in different physical states
phase equil vs solubility equil vs chem change equilibrium
phase- dynamic equil of phase change of pure substance
sol - involves solid disolving in solute, dynamic
chem - dynamic equil in chem reaction (not quantitative reactions which only go 1 direction)
What is special about liq and solids when making keq
they are not included in keq eq. only gas and aq
What does magnitude of Keq mean for reaction at equilibrium
if k>1 then product favored
if K = 1 conct of prod and react are equal at equil
K<1 reactant favoured
Effect of changing eq on Keq
reverse eq = 1/keq
multiply eq by 2 = k^2
divide eq by 2 = sqrt(k)
Define le chatelier principle
when stress is applied to system at equilibrium, the system will respond to minimize stress.
What are the 5 types of external stress
conct, inc volume, catalyst, change temp, add inert gas
How does change in conct effect equil
will shift to other direction to make up for it
one jumps up, others gradually change
changes K
How does Pressure/vol affect equil
decrease vol (inc pressure) - favor side with few particles
inc vol (dec pressure) - favour side with more particles
K does not change
all conct jump up or drop tgt
How does temp affect equil
like adding a product or a react
depends on if exo or endo (determines direction of shift )
favours reaction that absorbs heat
exo - K increases when temp decreases
endo - K increases when temp increases
graph changes slowly
How does catalyst affect equil
K is not affected
changes how fast equil is reached on conct - time graph
How does addition of inert gas affect equil conct pressure vs vol
K value is not affected
if no vol change - then inc pressureconct of react and prod will not change
if no pressure change - vol inc, shift to side with more particles
Conditions needed to produce ammonia industrially, strategies.
