General knowledge Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the formula of a nitrate ion
No3 (-1)
What is the formula of a sulphate ion
SO4 (-2)
What is the formula of a phosphate ion
PO4 (-3)
what is the formula of a carbonate ion
CO3 (-2)
What colour does lithium give off in a flame test?
Red
In a flame test, what colour does sodium give off?
Yellow
What color does potassium give off in a flame test?
Lilac
In a flame test, what colour does calcium give off?
Orange/red
In a flame test, what colour does copper give off?
Green/blue
What are hydroxide precipitate tests?
A chemical test to find the metal ions in a solution by adding sodium hydroxide
In a hydroxide precipitate test what colour is the precipitate of iron(II)?
Green
In a hydroxide precipitate test what colour is the precipitate of iron(III)?
Orange-brown
In a hydroxide precipitate test what colour is the precipitate of copper?
Blue
In a hydroxide precipitate test what colour is the precipitate of calcium?
White
In a hydroxide precipitate test what colour is the precipitate of zinc?
White
How do you tell the difference between calcium and zinc in precipitate tests?
Adding excess sodium hydroxide to the zinc will result in a colourless solution of zinc hydroxide.
How do you detect sulfate ions?
Add a few drops of hydrochloric acid to your solution.
Then add barium chloride. White precipitate will be shown if sulfate ions are present.
How do you test for carbonate ions?
Add an acid (e.g. HCl) to the solution. If carbonate ions are present, it will bubble.
What happens during the reaction when testing for carbonate ions?
It will fizz and carbon dioxide is given off
(Effervescence)
How can you test further for carbonate ions?
Boil the solution through limewater.
How do you detect halide ions?
Add a small amount of dilute nitric acid. Then add silver nitrate. If a precipitate forms, halide ions are present.
In halide precipitate tests, what colour is the precipitate when the reaction is with chlorine
White
In halide precipitate tests, what colour is the precipitate when the reaction is with bromine?
Cream
In halide precipitate tests, what colour is the precipitate when the reaction is with iodine?
Yellow
