General Physical Examination Flashcards
1
Q
- General appearance
A
- Dose the child appear well or ill?
- Degree of prostration, degree of cooperation and consciousness, gait
- Proportions of the body
- Position of the body (optional or forced)
- Weight (and centile)
- Height (and centile)
- Head cirucmference (and centile)
- Chest cirucmference (and centile)
- Pulse rate
- Respiratory rate
- Blood pressure
2
Q
- Skin and subcutaneous tissue
A
- Color (cyanosis, jaundice, pallor, erythema)
- Eruptions
- Hydration
- Edema
- Hemorrhagic manifestations
- Scars
- Hemangiomas
- Café au lait areas
- Nevi
- Turgor
3
Q
- Lymph nodes
A
- Location
- Size
- Sensitivity
- Mobility
- Consistency
- Suboccipital, preauricular, cervical anterior and posterior, submaxillary, sublingual, axillary, inguinal
4
Q
Number 4 and 5
A
- Bones and joints
- Muscles
5
Q
- Body posture
A
- Curvatures
- Rigidity
- Webbed neck
- Spina bifida
- Ruffs of hair
- Tenderness
- Mongolian spots
Mongolian spots (MS) are congenital birthmarks seen most commonly over the lumbosacral area. They are bluish-green to black in color and oval to irregular in shape. They are most commonly found in individuals of African or Asian ethnic background.
6
Q
- Head
A
- Size
- Shape
- Asymmetry
- Cephalohematoma
- Bosses
- Craniotabes
- Fontanels (size, tension, number, abnormally late or early closure)
7
Q
- Face
A
- Symmetry
- Paralysis
- Distance between nose and mouth
- Bridge of nose
- Distribution of hair
- Size of mandible
- Swellings
- Hypertelorizm
- Chvostek’s sign
8
Q
- Eyes
A
- Photophobia
- Visual acuity
- Muscular control
- Nystagmus
- Epicanthic folds
- Lacrimation
- Discharge
- Lids
- Exophthalmos/Endophthalmos
- Conjunctiva
- Papillary size
- Shape and reaction to light and accommodation
- Color of iris
- Cataracts
- Visual field
9
Q
- Nose
A
- Shape
- Mucosa
- Patency
- Discharge
- Bleeding
- Flaring of nostrils
- Septum
10
Q
- Ears
A
- Pinnas (position, size)
- Canals
- Tympanic membranes (landmarks, mobility, perforation, inflammation, discharge)
- Mastoid tenderness and swelling
- Hearing
11
Q
- Mouth
A
- Lips (color, fissures, cleft)
- Teeth (number, position, canes [Caries?], mottling, discoloration, malocclusion)
- Mucosa
- Enanthema
- Gums
- Palate
- Tongue
- Uvula
- Mouth breathing
12
Q
- Throat
A
- Tonsils (size, inflammation, exudate, crypts)
- Mucosa
- Hypertrophic lymphoid tissue
- Postnasal drip
- Epiglottis
- Voice (hoarseness, stridor, grunting, type of cry, speech)
13
Q
- Neck
A
- Position (Torticollis, opisthotonus, inability to support head, mobility)
- Swelling, thyroid (size, contour, tenderness)
- Lymph nodes
- Position of trachea
- Webbing
- Auscultation
- Movement
14
Q
- Thorax
A
- Shape and symmetry
- Retraction and pulsation
- Beading (rachitic rosary)
- Harrison’s groove
- Flaring of ribs
- Pigeon breast
- Funnel shape
- Size and position of nipples
- Breast
- Intercostal and substernal retraction
- Asymmetry
- Scapulas
- Clavicles
15
Q
- Lungs
A
- Type of breathing
- Dyspnea
- Prolongation of respiration
- Cough
- Expansion
- Fremitus
- Flatness or dullness to percussion
- Resonance
- Breath and voice sounds
- Rales
- Wheezing
