General Science Module 1

Question 1

science

Answer 1

An endeavor dedicated to the accumulation and classification of observable facts in order to formulate general laws about the natural world.

Question 2

Imhotep

Answer 2

(eem’ oh tep) Egyptian known for his knowledge of medicine.

Question 3

Egyptian Medicine

Answer 3

Trial and error

Question 4

penicillin

Answer 4

a chemical that kills germs that infect wounds

Question 5

poppy seeds

Answer 5

Contains morphine and codeine…powerful pain relieving drugs.

Question 6

papyrus

Answer 6

Ancient, Egyptian form of paper, made from a plant of the same name.

Question 7

Thales, Anazimander & Anazimenes

Answer 7

Thought of as humanity’s first real scientists.

Question 8

Leucippus

Answer 8

Greek scientist known as the father of atomic theory.

Question 9

atomic theory

Answer 9

All matter is composed of little units called atoms.

Question 10

density

Answer 10

how tightly packed matter is.

Question 11

Aristotle

Answer 11

often called the father of life sciences.

Question 12

classification

Answer 12

gathering and ordering facts in a systemic way.

Question 13

spontaneous generation

Answer 13

the idea that living organisms can be spontaneously formed from non-living substances.

Question 14

Archimedes

Answer 14

Greek scientist who showed how closely math and science are related.

Question 15

Ptolemy

Answer 15

Greek scientist who studied the heavens.

Question 16

Geocentric system

Answer 16

Ptolemy’s theory that the planets, moon and sun rotate around the earth. (GEO - Earth CENTRIC - Center)

Question 17

alchemy

Answer 17

branch of science that explores mixing certain substances together to create a new substance.

Question 18

chemical reaction

Answer 18

one or more substances interact to form one or more new substances.

Question 19

constellations

Answer 19

patterns formed by stars.

Question 20

supernova

Answer 20

explosion of a star.

Question 21

nebula

Answer 21

cloud of dust and gas.

Question 22

How does science progress?

Answer 22

By building on the work of previous scientists.

Question 23

Robert Grosseteste

Answer 23

Roman Catholic bishop believed to be the father of the scientific method.

Question 24

scientific method

Answer 24

Grosseteste’s idea that a scientist should observe, explain why and then test his ideas.

Question 25

Nicolaus Copernicus

Answer 25

contradicted Ptolemy's geocentric theory and proposed the heliocentric theory. (Helio - sun, centric - center)

Question 26

Galileo Galilei

Answer 26

known for his studies in both motion and confirming heliocentric theory.

Question 27

Blaise Pascal

Answer 27

discovered and explained atmospheric pressure.

Question 28

Renaissance

Answer 28

Golden Age of science.

Question 29

Sir Isaac Newton

Answer 29

Developed 3 laws of motion and proposed that a scientific law was useless if it could not be used to develop a mathematical equation that would describe some aspect of nature.

Question 30

Robert Boyle

Answer 30

founder of modern chemistry.

Question 31

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 31

revolutionized science by building the first microscope.

Question 32

Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 32

tried to classify all living creatures with a classification and naming system we still use today.

Question 33

Antoine-Laurent

Answer 33

First to discover that matter cannot be destroyed -- it can only change forms.

Question 34

Law of Mass Conservation

Answer 34

theory that states matter cannot be destroyed -- it can only change forms.

Question 35

Charles R. Darwin

Answer 35

wrote a book entitled Origin of the Species which proposed the theory of evolution.

Question 36

natural selection

Answer 36

that living organisms can adapt to changes in their surroundings.

Question 37

immutability of the species

Answer 37

the idea that individual species on the planet was specifically created by God and could never fundamentally change.

Question 38

Louis Pasteur

Answer 38

Destroyed the idea of spontaneous generation and developed pasteurization.

Question 39

pasteurization

Answer 39

sterilization of foods by killing bacteria with heat.

Question 40

geology

Answer 40

study of rocks

Question 41

Gregor Mendel

Answer 41

father of the study of genetics.

Question 42

genetics

Answer 42

the study of how traits are passed on from parent to offspring.

Question 43

electomagnetism

Answer 43

that electricity and magnetism are both aspects of the same phenomenon.

Question 44

James Joule

Answer 44

developed the First Law of Thermodynamics.

Question 45

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 45

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change forms.

Question 46

Max Planck

Answer 46

developed theory that energy must exist in tiny packets called quanta.

Question 47

quantum mechanics

Answer 47

idea that energy exists and must be applied in tiny packets called quanta.

Question 48

quanta

Answer 48

tiny packets of energy. (like and atom for energy.)

Question 49

Albert Einstein

Answer 49

one of the most famous scientists in quantum mechanics.

Question 50

Neils Bohr

Answer 50

developed a picture of the atom.

Question 51

Bohr Model

Answer 51

picture of an atom.

Question 52

special theory of relativity

Answer 52

Einstein's famous theory that explains how matter is really just another form of energy. E=mc2

Question 53

general theory of relativity

Answer 53

explanation of how gravity works.