General TCM diagnostics - system review Flashcards
(146 cards)
1
Q
What are the Eight Parameters?
A
Excess……….Deficient Hot……….Cold External……….Internal Yang……….Yin
2
Q
Comment on the following re: EXCESS vs. DEFICIENT Mucous Membrane Colour Pulse strength Tongue colour Pain Behaviour Body condition Seborrhea Appetite
A
Mucous Membrane Colour: RED vs. PALE Pulse strength: STRONG vs. WEAK Tongue colour: PURPLE vs. PALE/LAVENDER Pain: SEVERE vs. RESOLVES with MOTION Behaviour: AGGRESSION/ANXIETY vs. TIMID/SLEEPY Body condition: OBESE vs. SKINNY Seborrhea: OLEOSA vs. SICCA Appetite: RAVENOUS vs. LACK
3
Q
Comment on the following re: HOT vs. COLD: Thirst Hunger Pathology Heart rate Temperature intolerance Temperature preference Urine colour Psychomotor state Worse in which season
A
Thirst: EXTREME vs. LACK Hunger: EXTREME vs. LACK Pathology: SUPP INFLAMM’n vs. LOW-GRADE ABD PAIN Heart rate: RAPID vs. SLOW Temperature intolerance: HEAT vs. COLD Temperature preference: COOL vs. HEAT Urine colour: DARK vs. CLEAR/PROFUSE Psychomotor state: RESTLESS vs. IMMOBILE Worse in which season: SUMMER vs. WINTER
4
Q
Comment on the following re: EXTERNAL vs. INTERNAL: Lymphadenopathy Location of acute pain Location of inflammation Part of eye affected
A
Lymphadenopathy: PERIPHERAL vs. ABD Location of acute pain: NECK vs. COLIC Location of inflammation: SUP’L PYODERMA vs. COLITIS Part of eye affected: KCS vs. UVEITIS (HIGH FEVER vs. ENDOPARASITISM)
5
Q
Comment on the following re: WOOD (5 element theory):
Organ:
Function:
Direction:
Weather:
Colour:
Flavour:
Orifice:
Body Part:
Emotion:
Spirit:
Season:
A
WOOD
Organ: Liver
Function: Move, Initiate
Direction: East
Weather: Wind
Colour: Green
Flavour: Sour
Orifice: Eyes
Body Part: Tendons
Emotion: Anger
Spirit: Hun (Soul)
Season: Spring
6
Q
Comment on the following re: FIRE (5 element theory):
Organ:
Function:
Direction:
Weather:
Colour:
Flavour:
Orifice:
Body Part:
Emotion:
Spirit:
Season:
A
FIRE
Organ: Heart
Function: Engage, Govern
Direction: South
Weather: Heat
Colour: Red
Flavour: Bitter
Orifice: Tongue
Body Part: Vessels
Emotion: Joy
Spirit: Shen (Spirit)
Season: Summer
7
Q
Comment on the following re: EARTH (5 element theory):
Organ:
Function:
Direction:
Weather:
Colour:
Flavour:
Orifice:
Body Part:
Emotion:
Spirit:
Season:
A
EARTH
Organ: Spleen
Function: Nourish, Assimilate
Direction: Central
Weather: Damp
Colour: Yellow
Flavour: Sweet
Orifice: Mouth
Body Part: Muscles, Flesh
Emotion: Worry
Spirit: Yi (Logic)
Season: Late Summer
8
Q
Comment on the following re: METAL (5 element theory):
Organ:
Function:
Direction:
Weather:
Colour:
Flavour:
Orifice:
Body Part:
Emotion:
Spirit:
Season:
A
METAL
Organ: Lung
Function: Defend, Inhale, Withdraw
Direction: West
Weather: Dryness
Colour: White
Flavour: Pungent
Orifice: Nose
Body Part: Skin & Hair
Emotion: Grief
Spirit: Po (Reactivity)
Season: Autumn
9
Q
Comment on the following re: WATER (5 element theory):
Organ:
Function:
Direction:
Weather:
Colour:
Flavour:
Orifice:
Body Part:
Emotion:
Spirit:
Season:
A
WATER
Organ: Kidney
Function: Storage
Direction: North
Weather: Cold
Colour: Black
Flavour: Salty
Orifice: Ears
Body Part: Bones & Marrow
Emotion: Fear
Spirit: Zhi (Will)
Season: Winter
10
Q
A
11
Q
What are the Five Fundamental Substances?
A
Blood
Shen
Essence
Qi
Fluids
12
Q
Regarding Fundamental Substances:
What provides the foundation for movement within the body?
A
The Gallbladder and the storage of Blood by the Liver.
13
Q
Regarding Fundamental Substances:
What are involved in prudent decision making ?
A
The Small Intestine,
the Shen,
and the Heart.
14
Q
Regarding Fundamental Substances:
What is involved in facilitating the defense of the organism as well as the descent of all substances within the interior?
A
The Large Intestine,
Lung,
and Qi.
15
Q
Regarding Fundamental Substances:
What is involved in generating Yin stores?
A
The Bladder,
Essence,
and the Kidneys.
16
Q
Regarding Fundamental Substances:
Which 2 organs are involved in the process of digestion?
A
The Stomach assists the Spleen.
17
Q
Name five Zang organs.
A
Liver
Heart
Lung
Kidney
Spleen
18
Q
Name 5 Fu Organs.
A
Gallbladder
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Bladder
Stomach
19
Q
Zang organs are considered relatively ________ (Yang or Yin)?
Why?
A
Yin.
Because they accumulate moist Fundamental Substances & do not interface with the outside world.
20
Q
Fu organs are considered relatively ________ (Yang or Yin)?
Why?
A
Yang.
Because of their greater movement & activity, and due to the interface they must have with the external environment to allow them access to food & water.
21
Q
What are the three broad categories of function of the Zang-Fu organs?
Describe each function
A
- Heart & Lungs - engage with external environment
- Heart: guides the body through it
- Lungs: inspires air (a form of Qi) - Spleen & Stomach - transforming ingesta into Fundamental Substances & distributing through the body (with the help of the Liver) to obtain pure Qi & Essence.
- Kidneys, Small/Large Intestine & Bladder - extracting pure fluids from the remnants of ingesta to add them to the stores in the Kidney. Turbid impure materials are voided by these same organs.
22
Q
What is the Triple Burner?
A
A corridor that links & runs through each of the three functional Zang-Fu organ divisions.
Yang energy (Fire) is needed for each division to function.
23
Q
What is the function of the SPLEEN and STOMACH?
A
Spleen & Stomach extract Qi & Essence from food.
The Spleen then raises it up to the upper burner.
The middle burner (Stomach & Spleen) is fueled by the Source Qi (flames) and Essence (wood pile of the lower burner.
24
Q
What is the function of the STOMACH?
A
The Stomach is the vessel where digestion takes place = mechanical process of digestion.
25
What is the function of the SPLEEN?
The Spleen facilitates assimilation after digestion. Roughly equates to the microvilli and pancreas. Spleen Qi allows absorption of amino acids, glucose & fats.
The Spleen "raises the clear" up to the Lung (particularly the Qi).
26
Describe symptoms that indicate SPLEEN QI SINKING:
GI:
Bladder:
Reproductive:
Respiratory:
Colour:
Mental states:
Symptoms that indicate SPLEEN QI SINKING:
GI: constipation/incontinence
Bladder: incontinence
Reproductive: miscarriages, metrorrhagia
Respiratory: shortness of breath
Colour: pallor
Mental states: dullness, anxiety
27
Describe symptoms that indicate SPLEEN QI DEFICIENCY:
GI:
GU:
Symptoms that indicate SPLEEN QI DEFICIENCY:
GI: inappetance, weight loss, undigested food in stool, coprophagy, pica
GU: kidney failure (insufficient Essence production for storage in the Kidneys)
28
Name 6 products of digestion.
6 products of digestion:
Blood
Postnatal Essence
Yang
Yin
all fluids
Qi
29
What is the main storage organ for Blood?
the liver
30
What is Ying Qi?
What does it do?
Nutritive Qi.
Akin to plasma.
Facilitates the formation & movement of Blood from the Essence stored in the Kidneys or manufactured in the Spleen.
31
What happens if the Spleen's production of Yin Qi is deficient?
Blood is not able to be held in the vessles, and passively oozes out (diapedesis).
32
Name 8 common signs of SPLEEN DEFICIENCY.
Spleen Deficiency signs:
muscle wasting & weakness
watery painless diarrhea
anemia
hemorrhage
inappetance
lassitude
dyspnea
pallor
33
Name 6 common signs of STOMACH PATHOLOGY.
Stomach pathology:
vomiting & regurgitation
halitosis
excessive appetite
thirst
epigastric pain or distention
dyspepsia
34
Name 15 signs of DAMPNESS or PHLEGM.
Dampness or Phlegm signs:
masses
joint swelling
Heat symptoms (inc appetite/thirst, restlessness, panting, insomnia, heat/exercise intolerance)
polyuria
weight gains/rounded abd
exudates from ears, skin, eyes
slimy fluid & mucous in stool & vomit
productive cough
tenesmus (organ wall swelling)
wet swollen tongue
tenacious saliva
slippery pulses
benign growths (numerous/sizeable)
skin odor
jaundice
35
Give some examples of the conditions caused by DAMP or DAMP HEAT (11)
Conditions caused by Damp or Damp Heat:
cystitis
urolithiasis
colitis
lipomas
weight gain
seborrhea oleosa
yeast otitis externa
gastritis
conjunctivitis
insulin resistance syndromes
chronic inflammation
36
What is the most common cause of Damp accumulation?
Improper diet (carbohydrate rich).
37
What emotion is attributed to the Spleen?
Yi.
Analysis, planning, strategizing.
38
Where is Zhi (Will) stored?
the kidney
39
What organ is injured by our modern, sedentary lifestyle?
the spleen
40
Key statements regarding the Spleen:
It governs the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
It rules the _________ & \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
It rules _____________ & \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
It opens into the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
It houses the emotion: \_\_\_\_.
The Spleen:
It governs the Blood.
It rules the muscles & flesh.
It rules transformation & transportation.
It opens into the mouth.
It houses the emotion: Yi.
41
What are the major actions of the Lungs & Large Intestine?
To gather, descend & distribute Qi.
42
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43
WEI QI
What is the translation?
Where is it produced?
Where is it gathered?
WEI QI = Defensive Qi
Produced by the Spleen.
Gathered by the Lungs.
44
What spirit is housed by the Lungs?
What is this spirit?
What happens in Excess Lung conditions re: this spirit?
Po, the spirit of reactivity & defensiveness.
In Excess: patients become highly reactive, anxious & excitable.
45
What contributes to the formation of Blood?
The Spleen makes Essence, which is carried up to the Lungs by ascending Ying Qi which the Spleen also makes.
Once there, the blend of Essence & Ying Qi is augmented by inhaled Tian Qi. It is a combination of all 3 elements that leads to the formation of Blood.
46
Where is excess of Essence stored?
the kidneys
47
Where is Wei Qi manufactured?
Where does it circulate?
In the Spleen
Outside blood vessels.
48
How is Source Qi augmented?
Through the merging of Heart Yang (Shen) with Kidney Yin (Essence), and through the intake of Qi from the environment via ingestion & inhalation.
49
Name 4 signs of LUNG PATHOLOGY.
Lung Pathology signs:
dyspnea
cough
frequent colds (humans)
neck & back pain
50
What are 2 signs of LARGE INTESTINE PATHOLOGY?
Large Intestine pathology signs:
constipation (too hot)
diarrhea (too cold)
51
Name 3 bodily fluids that are manifestations of Essence.
semen
breast milk
Blood
52
What are the two types of Essence, and where do they come from?
Prenatal Essence - conferred to the organism at conception (all hormones crucial to normal development).
Postnatal Essence - produced by the body through digestion, esp from foods rich in animal protein.
53
Name some symptoms of KIDNEY ESSENCE DEFICIENCY (5).
hearing loss
cognitive decline
memory loss
osteoporosis
lower limb & back weakness
54
Which organs represent the Yin and Yang poles of the body.
What does the relationship between these poles confer?
```
Yin = Kidneys
Yang = Heart
```
Confers the ability to generate life force (Source Qi) by an exchange of Yin & Yang between the organs.
55
What is the most common clinical example of a breakdown in the relationship between Kidney Yin & Heart Yang?
Chronic renal failure in an aging cat.
56
What are common examples of diseases that result from TRIPLE BURNER OBSTRUCTION?
hemolytic anemia
congestive heart failure
hypoadrenocorticism
cancer
inflammatory nephropathies
57
The Kidneys:
- store _________ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- rule \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and produce \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- grasp \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- open into the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
The Kidneys:
- store Essence and Will.
- rule Water, bones, and produce marrow.
- grasp Qi.
- open into the ear.
58
The Lung is said to:
- store the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- rule the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- facilitate the descent of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- generate the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- open into the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
The Lung is said to:
- store the Po.
- rule the Qi.
- facilitate the descent of water.
- generate the body hair.
- open into the nose.
59
Is Blood relatively Yang or Yin?
Yin (derived from Essence).
60
Which organ provides the Blood supply to the Heart?
the pericardium
61
What role does the Pericardium take with respect to the Heart?
What is the best point(s) to treat the Heart?
The pericardium is the interface between the Heart and the rest of the kingdom.
Best point(s) to treat the Heart = Pericardium channel points.
62
What are 5 signs of Heart disease in Chinese medicine?
incontinence
seizures
agitation, confusion
cystitis
circulatory failure, or Blood stasis
63
The Heart:
- stores \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- open into the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- rules the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- generates the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- anchors the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, allowing the organism to disengage from its environment and go to sleep.
The Heart:
- stores Shen.
- open into the tongue.
- rules the Blood Vessels.
- generates the pulse.
- anchors the Shen, allowing the organism to disengage from its environment and go to sleep.
64
What is the major action of the Liver?
To facilitate movement, particularly of the circulation and specifically of the Qi.
65
What initiates movement of Qi & Blood?
What maintains movement?
Initiated by the Heart.
Maintained by the Liver (smooth laminar flow).
66
Describe the pain of:
Qi stasis.
Qi stagnation.
Blood stagnation.
Pain of:
Qi stasis - pain is immaterial, and improved by massage & gentle limb movement
Qi stagnation - severe, but rapidly appearing/disappearing shooting & distending pains that shift in location (often neuralgic or from abN peristalsis).
Blood stagnation - material/persistent pain, little likelihood of resolution, pain stabbing in nature, easy to pinpoint; accompanied by bruising, hemorrhage, vascular engorgement & tumors; assoc with chronic inflammation.
67
Which organ is most directly involved in maintaining normal eye health?
What diseases result from an imbalance of this organ?
Teh Liver.
KCS, glaucoma, recurrent uveitis.
68
List some symptoms that go along with LIVER BLOOD DEFICIENCY (9).
Liver Blood deficiency symptoms:
skin rashes
superficial aches & pains
cramping pain & mm spasms
hair thinning, alopecia
dysmenorrhea, erratic periods
miscarriages
nails crumble
fearfulness, sense of inadequacy
vivid dreams that disrupt sleep
69
List 7 signs associated with LIVER QI STAGNATION.
Liver Qi stagnation signs:
lavender tongue
wirey pulses
distension; shooting pain
irritability
colic
dysuria
asthma
70
List 7 signs associated with Blood Stasis.
Blood Stasis signs:
purple tongue
erratic pulses
stabbing, localized pain
masses
bleeding (dark, blood clots)
reduced tissue perfusion
chronic inflammation
71
The Liver:
- stores the _______ and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- governs the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- rules the _________ and manifests in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
- opens into the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
The Liver:
- stores the Blood and Hun.
- governs the flowing & spreading of Qi.
- rules the tendons and manifests in the nails.
- opens into the eyes.
72
In Chinese Medicine, what is bile considered to be?
A surplus of Liver Blood and Qi.
73
What is the function of the Gallbladder?
The Gallbladder serves as a conduit for the movement of Qi from the Yin interior to the Yang exterior.
Once there, this Qi animates the limbs (important in the horse especially).
74
How are the Gallbladder & Triple Burner similar?
Both are a conduit for energy.
Gallbladder - mediates between the interior & exterior.
Triple Burner - mediates between upper & lower.
75
What is Shao Yang?
What is its function? ![]()
Shao Yang is Lesser Yang.
It moves Yang inwards into the interior of the body. ![]()
76
![]()What is Shao Yin?
What is its function?
Shao Yin is Lesser Yin.
It moves Yin inwards into the interior of the body. ![]()
77
Describe the circadian rhythm of the following times of day:
Morning
Noon & Afternoon
Evening & Night
Morning
- outwardly directed Yin (Tai Yin) & inwardly directed Yang (Yang Ming) work together to digest food & generate the body
- SP, ST, LU, LI
Noon & Afternoon
- preservation of Yin reserves
- cooling of body core
- mm have ample Yang to do work
- KID, BL, HT, SI
Evening & Night
- internalization of Yang
- rest & recharge all organs/tissues
- LIV, GB, PC, TH
78
Describe the circadian rhythm for each Organ including the Organ's Influence.
Arm Tai Yin - LU - 3 to 5 a.m.
Arm Yang Ming - LI - 5 to 7 a.m.
Leg Yang Ming - ST - 7 to 9 a.m.
Leg Tai Yin - SP - 9 to 11 a.m.
Arm Shao Yin - HT - 11 to 1 p.m.
Arm Tai Yang - SI - 1 to 3 p.m.
Leg Tai Yang - BL - 3 to 5 p.m.
Leg Shao Yin - KI - 5 to 7 p.m.
Arm Jue Yin - PC - 7 to 9 p.m.
Arm Shao Yang - TH - 9 to 11 p.m.
Leg Shao Yang - GB - 11 to 1 a.m.
Leg Jue Yin - LIV - 1 to 3 a.m.
79
With which organ does the circadian rhythm start (by convention)?
Why?
The Lung.
It has the role of gathering the Qi and performing the final manufacture of Blood that will end up composing the blood stream.
80
What is Cock's Crow diarrhea, and what causes it?
Small Intestine diarrhea that occurs around 5 a.m.
It is due to the ebbing of Kidney power (the fire under the cooking pot) and Small Intestine Yang that can occur during this period.
81
What causes seizures according to Chinese Medicine?
Internal Wind - often associated with the Liver.
4 Patterns:
Extreme Heat
Liver Yang Rising
Liver Blood Deficiency
Liver Yin Deficiency
82
What does Qi Men mean?
Qi Men = "Last Gate"
It is the last point on the Liver channel, and the last point in the circadian rhythm (Leg Jue Yin = pressured leg Yin).
83
Describe the Yin/Yang symbol with respect to the cross-section of a limb. Where are the following on the x-section:
Cranial vs. Caudal
Medial vs. Lateral
Yang Ming
Shao Yin
Tai Yang
Tai Yin
Shao Yang
Jue Yin
![]()
84
# Define "Shu Points".
Where on the body are they?
What is their function?
Shu Points = Transporting Points
On dorsum (Back Shu) & distal limbs (Transporting).
Carry Yang energy towards Yin.
85
What term is used to describe Pathogen invasion of the back?
Cold or Wind Cold
86
What happens when Shu points are:
- tonified?
- drained (sedated)?
Tonification of Shu points directs Yang energy inside to the Yin interior which generates Qi (gives the organ a "surge of power").
Sedating a Shu point draws Yang energy from the respective organ to the surface, weakening the Qi, which has a COOLING EFFECT on the organ.
87
Regarding SHU POINTS:
Which 2 Bladder points expel pathogens from the back as a whole?
BL 40
BL 58
88
Name 4 Bladder Shu Points used to strengthen the Fundamental Substances.
What are their common uses?
BL 16 - Pancreas - Wasting thirst (DM) and Yin deficiency.
BL 17 - Blood - Sedate to move Blood; Tonify to increase Blood.
BL 24 - Sea of Qi - Source Qi deficiency in renal failure.
BL 26 - Source or Essence - renal failure (potentially less stable cases).
89
What are Alarm (Mu) Points?
Where on the body are they located?
Which channel contains most of these points?
Alarm points are indicators that the associated internal organ is damaged in some way.
Located on the ventral surface of the body.
Most are in the Conception Vessel.
90
Which two organs are most prone to accumulating Damp?
Why?
Lung & Spleen.
Because of their Tai Yin (Extreme Yin) nature.
91
Regarding the Heavenly Influence, WIND:
What does it do in health?
What does it do when it's pathological?
Where on the body does it aggregate?
WIND
In health: promotes even distribution, integration, dispersal & harmonization.
When pathological: excessively dispersing, promotes instability, becomes drying, can be lethal.
Aggregates on the medial surface of the limbs and on the ventrum.
92
Where on the body does Wind aggregate?
On the medial surfaces of the limbs, and on the ventrum.
Channels here carry Wind to the Liver & Pericardium.
93
Regarding the Heavenly Influence, HEAT:
What does it do in health?
What does it do when it's pathological?
Where on the body does it aggregate?
HEAT
In health - it provides a perfect blend of warmth & moisture to set the stage for activity.
Pathologically - damage to moisture & subsequent dryness; can cause profound internal cold.
Aggregates on the caudo-medial aspect of the limbs, adjacent to the Yang dorsum of the body.
Channels carry HEAT to the Heart & Kidneys.
94
Regarding the Heavenly Influence, DAMP:
What does it do in health?
What does it do when it's pathological?
Where on the body does it aggregate?
DAMP
In health - it builds, lubricates & grows the body to its full size.
Pathologically - it is the only pathogen that the body makes (in the GI tract, due to weakened Spleen activity); causes accumulations or Excess.
Aggregates on the cranio-medial limb surface. The Lungs & Spleen run through this region (Tai Yin).
95
Regarding the Heavenly Influence, FIRE:
What does it do in health?
What does it do when it's pathological?
Where on the body does it aggregate?
FIRE
In health - it is the conduit that delivers the Yang energy downward & inward to creat the Source Qi of the body.
Pathologically - in excess, it creates agitation; can also burn & exhaust.
Aggregates along the midaxial line of the body, where the Gall Bladder & Triple Burner channels run.
\*GB is the single most important channel for lame/immobile animals.
96
Regarding the Heavenly Influence, DRYNESS:
What does it do in health?
What does it do when it's pathological?
Where on the body does it aggregate?
DRYNESS
In health - it cures/ripens, promotes a deepening of colour; it matures & develops nutrient composition & taste.
Pathologically - promotes wilting & drying.
Aggregates on the cranio-lateral aspect of limbs (where sunlight falls), where the Stomach & Large Intestine channels run.
97
Regarding the Heavenly Influence, COLD:
What does it do in health?
What does it do when it's pathological?
Where on the body does it aggregate?
COLD
In health - promotes latency, secrecy, defensiveness, condensation, consolidation, coagulation & solidification. Helps the body create a tough outer shell, close its pores & tense its muscles.
Pathologically - causes freezing, and a ceasing of all activity.
Aggregates on the most Yang surface, the dorsum. The Bladder & Small Intestine channels run here and are charged internally with overpowering & condensing Yin (resulting in urine formation).
98
From distal to proximal, list the five types of transporting points
Transporting points, distal to proximal:
Jing-Well (at digits)
Ying-Spring
Shu-Stream
Jing-River
He-Sea (at elbow/popliteal creases)
99
Where on the body are the Entry & Exit points (3 sites)?
Most are on the digits.
Also the chest (Yin to Yin)
and the face (Yang to Yang).
100
Name the Entry & Exit points for the following meridians:
LU
LI
ST
SP
HT
SI
BL
KID
PC
GB
LIV
Name the Entry & Exit points for the following meridians:
LU - 1 & 7
LI - 4 & 20
ST - 1 & 42
SP - 1 & 21
HT - 1 & 9
SI - 1 & 19
BL - 1 & 67
KID - 1 & 22
PC - 1 & 8
GB - 1 & 41
LIV - 1 & 14
101
Which transporting points are helpful in treating high fevers?
Jing-Well points.
102
Regarding TONGUE DIAGNOSIS, what do the following colours indicate?
Pale
Red
Pale Lavender
Purple
Dark Red or Purple Red
Regarding TONGUE DIAGNOSIS:
Pale - Qi, Blood or Yang deficiency
Red - Heat
Pale Lavender - Mild Stasis
Purple - Blood Stasis
Dark Red or Purple Red - Stasis producing Heat
103
Regarding TONGUE DIAGNOSIS, what do the following features indicate?
Small Size
Large Size
Vessels
Ulcers
Regarding TONGUE DIAGNOSIS:
Small Size = tissue wasting (Yin deficiency)
Large Size = Damp accumulation
Vessels = Blood stasis
Ulcers = Heat
104
Regarding TONGUE DIAGNOSIS, what do the following colours indicate?
Pale
Red
Pale Lavender
Purple
Dark Red or Purple Red
Regarding TONGUE DIAGNOSIS:
Pale - Qi, Blood or Yang deficiency
Red - Heat
Pale Lavender - Mild Stasis
Purple - Blood Stasis
Dark Red or Purple Red - Stasis producing Heat
105
Name 4 conditions in which ElectroAcupuncture is contraindicated.
No EAP in:
seizures
pregnancy
heart disease
malignancies
106
Name 3 general conditions that are benefitted by ElectroAcupuncture.
EAP helps:
1. neurological deficits (paresis/paralysis)
2. severe pain
3. chronic conditions that do not respond to needles
107
EAP should NOT be done in the following four situations.
No EAP:
- through the heart
- through the head
- through the thyroid
- across the midline (except PC9 to PC9 for navicular)
108
What are the 3 Hand Yin channels?
3 Hand Yin channels:
Lung (Tai Yin)
Heart (Shao Yin)
Pericardium (Jue Yin)
109
What are the 3 Hand Yang channels?
3 Hand Yang channels:
```
Large Intestine (Yang Ming)
Small Intestine (Tai Yang)
Triple Heater (Shao Yang)
```
110
What are the 3 Foot Yin channels?
3 Foot Yin channels:
Spleen (Tai Yin)
Kidney (Shao Yin)
Liver (Jue Yin)
111
What are the 3 Foot Yang channels?
Foot Yang channels:
Stomach (Yang Ming)
Bladder (Tai Yang)
Gall Bladder (Shao Yang)
112
What part of the body is the "gathering house of all Yang"?
Why?
The Head.
All hand Yang channels end at the head, and all three foot Yang channels start there.
113
What part of the body is known as the "gathering house of all Yin"?
Why?
The Chest.
All three hand Yin channels start at the chest and all three foot Yin channels end at the chest.
114
Describe the flow of Qi through parts of the body in each subcircuit.
Name the 3 subcircuits.
Flow of Qi:
chest to fingers
fingers to face
face to toes
toes to chest
Subcircuits:
1. LU - LI - ST - SP
2. HT - SI - BL - KI
3. PC - TH - GB - LIV
115
What is the function of the TWELVE CUTANEOUS CHANNELS?
Part of the superficial defense of the body.
116
What is the function of the MUSCLE CHANNELS?
To unite all the bones & joints and to maintain normal motion of the body.
117
What is the function of the EIGHT EXTRA CHANNELS?
To join & control the other channels and to regulate the Qi and Blood of each channel.
118
What is the function of the LUO-MAI (15 COLLATERAL) channels?
What is the function of the LUO-MAI (15 COLLATERAL) channels?
119
Which point is "Arm 3 More Miles"?
Which point is "Arm 3 More Miles"?
120
Which point is "Leg 3 More Miles"?
ST 36
121
Which acupoint is best for resolving any/all sources of Phlegm?
ST 40
122
Which point is best for clearing STOMACH HEAT?
ST 44
123
Which point is best for ALL hormonal/reproductive disorders?
SP 6
124
Which is the best point for DRAINING DAMPNESS?
SP 9
125
Which point is best for any Blood disorder?
SP 10
Sea of Blood
126
What is the best immune regulating point?
SP 21
Great Luo Point
127
Which point is known as the "Wind Door"?
Why?
BL 12
Strongly dispels Exterior Wind (Wind-Cold or Wind-Heat).
128
Which point is best to relieve obstruction in the Triple Burner?
BL 22
| (Shu Point for TH)
129
Which point is the TH Lower Confluence point?
BL 39
130
Which point is the "Will to Live" point?
BL 52
Lifts spirit & will power.
131
Name 3 good points to treat hip dysplasia?
BL 54
GB 29
GB 30
(+/- BL 40)
132
Which point is known as the "Aspirin Point"?
BL 60
133
Which 2 points are good for treating KCS?
KID 6 + BL 62
134
Which point is best for all disorders of sweating?
KID 7
135
What is the best point for nausea?
PC 6
136
Which point is known as the "Wind Clearing Point"?
GB 20
137
What point is known as the "Spot Point"?
GB 21
midway btn GV 14 and the acromion, on a trigger point of the trapezius
138
What 2 points make up the "Four Gates"?
What is the function?
LIV 3 + LI 4 (bilateral)
Profound efefct on expelling pathogens down & out.
139
What is the best point to regulate LIVER and SPLEEN?
LIV 13
(Spleen Mu Point)
(Influential Point for Yin Organs)
(Master Point for Viscera)
140
3 good points for intervertebral disc disease (or EPM in horses).
GV 20
GV 14
GV 3
(+/- GV 4)
141
What point is known as the "Sea of Qi"?
CV 6
142
List 4 acupoints that are contraindicated in PREGNANCY.
LI 4
SP 6
BL 60
GB 21
143
Describe the common traits of animals of each of the 5-element types:
WOOD
FIRE
EARTH
METAL
WATER
5-Element Animal Types:
WOOD - "Generals" - leaders, be in control, be around others, alpha dogs, strong, loud, easy to anger
FIRE - "Emperors" - exuberant, leaders, bouncy, always on-the-go, ceaseless energy, joyful
EARTH - laid back & easy going, need companionship, seek to please, desire praise for their loyalty, worry too much about pleasing others
METAL - "Ministers" - aloof, loners, frequently sad, competent when called upon to perform
WATER - fearful, timid, hiding when around strangers, their bark is worse than their bite
144
Which medications ENHANCE acupuncture effects?
Which medications LOWER acupuncture effects?
ENHANCE ACUPUNCTURE EFFECTS:
substance P
cyclic-GMP
cholinergics
alpha blockers
LOWER ACUPUNCTURE EFFECTS:
corticosteroids
GABA-agonists (diazepam)
cyclic-AMP
antihistamines
xanthenes
anticholinergics
beta-blockers
145
Which neurotransmitters are released at each of the following frequencies of EAP?
- low (4-20 Hz)
- moderate (100 Hz)
- high (200 Hz)
Low frequency - dynorphins & endorphins.
Moderate frequency - enkephalins
High frequency - serotonin
146
List the interpretation for the following TONGUE COLOURS:
PALE
RED
PALE LAVENDER
PURPLE
DARK RED & PURPLE-RED
PALE - Deficiency (Blood or Qi)
RED - Heat
PALE LAVENDER - Mild stasis
PURPLE - Blood stasis
DARK RED & PURPLE-RED - Blood stasis & Heat
