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Genetic Mutations and Engineering > Genetic Mutations and Engineering > Flashcards

Genetic Mutations and Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

Karyotype

A

A photomicrograph of all the chromosomes in a typical dividing cell

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2
Q

What are most karyotypes called?

A

Autosomes

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3
Q

What are 1 pair of karyotypes called?

A

Sex chromosomes

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4
Q

Genetic mapping is also known as

A

Chromosome mapping

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5
Q

A technique showing a linear order of genes on a chromosome

A

Genetic mapping (chromosome mapping)

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6
Q

Genetic mapping (chromosome mapping)

A

A technique showing a linear order of genes on a chromosome

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7
Q

How many mutations are there?

A

2

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8
Q

What are the 2 mutations?

A

Chromosome mutations

Gene mutations

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9
Q

Involve changed to the STRUCTURE of a chromosome or the adding or the subtraction of a chromosome

A

Chromosome mutations

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10
Q

Chromosome mutations

A

Involve changed to the STRUCTURE of a chromosome or the adding or the subtraction of a chromosome

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11
Q

What are the 4 kinds of chromosome mutations?

A

Deletion
Inversion
Transcription
Non-disjunction

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12
Q

A piece of a chromosome breaks off and is gone in chromosome mutations

A

Deletion

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13
Q

A piece of chromosome breaks off and flips around

A

Inversion

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14
Q

A piece of chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome in chromosome mutation?

A

Transcription

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15
Q

A chromosome fails to separate during meiosis. One cell can get an extra chromosomes, and another has 1 less

A

Non-disjunction

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16
Q

_____ _____ results from non-disjunction

A

Down’s syndrome

17
Q

Mutation that changes to a gene

A

Gene mutationInvolve changed to the STRUCTURE of a chromosome or the adding or the subtraction of a chromosome

18
Q

A photomicrograph of all the chromosomes in a typical dividing cell

A

Karyotype

19
Q

The addition or removal of a single nucleotide in gene mutation

A

Point mutation

20
Q

What can happen in point mutation?

A

Effect a gene

21
Q

1 nucleotide replaces another nucleotide

A

Substitution

22
Q

What can happen in substitution in gene mutation?

A

Affect proteins

23
Q

A misreading of the code during protein synthesis in gene synthesis is?

A

Frame shift

24
Q

A diagram that shows the occurrence of a trait through several generations

A

Pedigree

25
Q

Pedigree

A

A diagram that shows the occurrence of a trait through several generations

Genetic Mutations and Engineering (2 decks)

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