genetics

Question 1

study of heredity

Answer 1

passed down from parents

Question 2

allele

Answer 2

different form of gene - dominant, recessive

Question 3

homozygous dominant

Answer 3

AA

Question 4

homozygous recessive

Answer 4

aa

Question 5

heterozygous

Answer 5

Aa

Question 6

locui

Answer 6

spot

Question 7

Gregor mendel

Answer 7

monk, gardner, father of genetics, worked with pea plants, discovered dominant and recessive

Question 8

mendelian genetics

Answer 8

anything that follows genetic trends

Question 9

punnet square

Answer 9

monohybrid cross

Question 10

phenotype

Answer 10

physical characteristics

Question 11

principle of independent assortment

Answer 11

inheritance of one trait has no effect on inheritance of another trait

Question 12

genetics

Answer 12

study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring - traits determined by genes

Question 13

homologus

Answer 13

pairs

Question 14

karyotype

Answer 14

map of 23 pairs of chromosomes - 1 through 22 = autosomes, 23 = sex chromosomes

Question 15

homozygous is purebred

Answer 15

heterozygous is hybrid

Question 16

self pollination

Answer 16

asexual

Question 17

cross pollination

Answer 17

hybrid

Question 18

sepals

Answer 18

protect bud

Question 19

petals

Answer 19

attract pollinators

Question 20

anther

Answer 20

where male gametes made (pollen)

Question 21

stigma

Answer 21

sticky for pollen

Question 22

p generation

Answer 22

parents, original crossbreed, hybrid

Question 23

f1 generation

Answer 23

filial, first set of offspring

Question 24

f2 generation

Answer 24

self pollinated of f1

Question 25

principal law of segregation

Answer 25

alleles separate, genotype doesn't stick together from parents

Question 26

complex alleles

Answer 26

blood type, trait has 72 alleles

Question 27

agglutination

Answer 27

process that occurs if antigen is combined with antibody

Question 28

blood type - Intrinsic factor

Answer 28

A, B, O - I

Question 29

IªIª Iªi IªI^b I^bI^b I^bi ii

Answer 29

type A type A type AB type B type B type O

Question 30

Rn factor

Answer 30

Rn+/Rn+ Rn+/Rn- Rn-/Rn-

Question 31

autosomal

Answer 31

carrier - carried but not expressed because of dominant covering it, 2 heterozygous make a recessive

Question 32

autosomal recessive traits - diseases

Answer 32

albinism cystic fibrosis sickle cell anemia tay-sachs PKU

Question 33

albinism

Answer 33

not enough melanin

Question 34

cystic fibrosis

Answer 34

body produces unusually thick, sticky, mucus clogs lungs

Question 35

sickle cell anemia

Answer 35

red blood cell has cresent shape less oxygen

Question 36

tay-sachs

Answer 36

lipids build up in brain

Question 37

PKU

Answer 37

can't break down amino acids results in brain damage

Question 38

autosomal dominant traits - diseases

Answer 38

Huntington's disease progeria

Question 39

Huntington's disease

Answer 39

break down of brain cells causes uncontrolled movements, emotional disturbance, loss of intellect

Question 40

progeria

Answer 40

premature aging, alopecia, small face and jaw, cardiovascular problems, wrinkled skin

Question 41

sex linked traits - diseases

Answer 41

color blindness hemophilia

Question 42

color blindness

Answer 42

xªy, recessive, only females give ,xªxª

Question 43

hemophilia

Answer 43

inability of blood to clot properly, only females give

Question 44

probability

Answer 44

chance an event will happen

Question 45

mutations

Answer 45

amino acids life because of proteins, only know mutations because of karyotyping downsyndrome klinefelter syndrome turner syndrome

Question 46

down syndrome

Answer 46

trisomy (nondisjunction)

Question 47

klinefelter syndrome

Answer 47

in males, XXY, usually sterile (nondisjunction)

Question 48

Turner syndrome

Answer 48

girls, missing chromosome, X, usually sterile