genetics

Question 1

What are dna bases

Answer 1

AT
CG

Question 2

RNA bases

Answer 2

AU CG

Question 3

What is Dna and Rna made of

Answer 3

nucleotide, proteins, fats, complex carbs

Question 4

how many hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine

Answer 4

2

Question 5

how many hydrogen bonds between cytosine and guanine

Answer 5

3

Question 6

what sides of dna alternate between waht two molecules

Answer 6

phosphate and deoxyribose

Question 7

backbone of rna is made of what molecules

Answer 7

phosphate and ribosome sugar

Question 8

what is a chromosome

Answer 8

coiled dna with proteins

Question 9

how many chromosomes do humans have

Answer 9

46

Question 10

what happens in g1 and checkpoint

Answer 10

the cell gathers materials, increases in size, and perspires to replicate DNA

Question 11

what happens in g0

Answer 11

cell can exist if fails to meet requirements or not enough materials

Question 12

what happens in S phase and checkpoint

Answer 12

DNA is replicated, ends with two sets of chromosomes - ensures there were no errrors in dna replication

Question 13

what happens in g2 and checkpoint

Answer 13

cell continues to and prep for division materials organize themselves – chromosome set is complete the same procedures as checkpoint one

Question 14

define interphase

Answer 14

Interface accounts for 80% of the cell cycle and is where the self duplicate DNA and prepared for division

Question 15

what happens in prophase of mitosis

Answer 15

nuclear membrane begins to disappear -chromatin condenses into sister chromatids- centrioles move to either side of cell -spindle fibre start to form

Question 16

what happens at metaphase

Answer 16

Sister chromatic lineup at the equator

Question 17

what happens in anaphase

Answer 17

spindle fibres retract and break – sister chromatids apart into chromosomes that move to either side of cell

Question 18

what happens in telophase(real)

Answer 18

nuclear envelope reforms around chromosomes (two nuclei each with chromosomes) –
chromosome stretch out to chromatin – cell begins to split in 2, cleavage furrow

Question 19

what is haploid

Answer 19

half number of dna (23) N

Question 20

diploid

Answer 20

full amount of dna 46 2n

Question 21

where does meiosis occur

Answer 21

gonads, testicles, ovaries

Question 22

what happens in prophase 1

Answer 22

The replicated chromosomes, condense, and form chromatid pairs - homologous chromosomes pair up and form a tetrad

Question 23

what is synapsis

Answer 23

process of pairing up homologous chromosomes

Question 24

crossing over

Answer 24

occurs between arms of chromosomes
exchanges genetic material between chromosomes inncreasing genetic variability

Question 25

metaphase 1

Answer 25

tetrads line up randomly and do independent assortment

Question 26

anaphase 1

Answer 26

tetrads split up and move to opposite sides

Question 27

telophase 1

Answer 27

nuclear membrane reforms around two sets of genetic info and splits

Question 28

prophase 2

Answer 28

NO DNA REPLICATION: beginning of 2nd division

Question 29

metaphase 2

Answer 29

chromatid pairs line up, independent assortment of sister chromatids

Question 30

anaphase 2

Answer 30

chromatid pairs split

Question 31

telophase 2

Answer 31

splits into 4, one taking most of the revives and have n chromosomes

Question 32

nondisjunction

Answer 32

failure of chromosomes to divide properly in anaphase 1 or two, results in having too many or too less chromosomes