genetics

Question 1

how many times does a cell go through meiosis

Answer 1

2 rounds

Question 2

how many cells does meiosis create

Answer 2

4

Question 3

are homologous chromosomes copies of each other

Answer 3

no

Question 4

what is each half of a duplicated chromosome

Answer 4

chromatid

Question 5

what holds a chromosome together

Answer 5

centro mere

Question 6

when are homologous chromosomes divided

Answer 6

meiosis 1

Question 7

when are sister chromatids divided

Answer 7

meiosis 2

Question 8

when is DNA copied

Answer 8

before meiosis

Question 9

what is the end result of meiosis

Answer 9

haploid cells

Question 10

how many sets of chromosomes are in a diploid

Answer 10

two

Question 11

how many sets of chromosomes are in a haploid

Answer 11

one

Question 12

what is the production of gametes

Answer 12

gametogenesis

Question 13

what does gametogenesis include

Answer 13

meiosis and changes that produce a mature cell

Question 14

what is the male gamete

Answer 14

sperm

Question 15

what is the female gamete

Answer 15

egg

Question 16

what is the sperm’s main contribution to the embryo

Answer 16

DNA

Question 17

when does the formation of an egg start

Answer 17

before birth

Question 18

when does the formation of an egg end

Answer 18

when a sperm fertilizes it

Question 19

what does an egg cell contribute to an embryo

Answer 19

DNA, organelles, molecular building blocks, and other material and embryo needs

Question 20

how many cells actually become and egg from each round of meiosis

Answer 20

1

Question 21

what are the other cells that don’t become an egg called

Answer 21

polar bodies

Question 22

what are distinguishing characteristics that are inherited

Answer 22

traits

Question 23

what is the study of biological inheritance patterns and variations in organisms

Answer 23

genetics

Question 24

who was the Austrian monk who established much of our understanding about genetics

Answer 24

Gregor Mendel

Question 25

if a line of plants has become self pollinated for long enough that line becomes genetically uniform or ...

Answer 25

purebred

Question 26

what is the mating of two organisms called

Answer 26

cross

Question 27

what is Mendel's first law

Answer 27

law of segregation

Question 28

explain law of segregation

Answer 28

organisms inherit two copies of genes | organisms donate one copy of each gene in their gametes

Question 29

what is a specific location on a pair of homologous chromosomes for a gene

Answer 29

locus

Question 30

what are alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a specific locus

Answer 30

allele

Question 31

how many alleles do humans have for each gene

Answer 31

two

Question 32

what are two of the same alleles at a specific locus

Answer 32

homosygous

Question 33

what are two different alleles at a specific locus

Answer 33

heterosygous

Question 34

what is all of an organisms genetic material

Answer 34

genome

Question 35

what refers to the genetic makeup of a specific set of genes

Answer 35

genotype

Question 36

what refers to the physical characteristics or traits of an organism

Answer 36

phenotype

Question 37

what type of allele is expressed when two different alleles or two dominant are present

Answer 37

dominant

Question 38

what type of allele is expressed only when two copies are present

Answer 38

recesssive

Question 39

who developed the the punnet square

Answer 39

RC Punnet

Question 40

what are crosses that examine the inheritance of only one specific trait

Answer 40

monohybrid

Question 41

what is a cross between an organism with an unknown genotype and an organisms with the recessive phenotype

Answer 41

testcross

Question 42

what are crosses that examine the inheritance of two different traits

Answer 42

dihybrid

Question 43

what is Mendel's second law

Answer 43

law of independence

Question 44

explain law of Independence

Answer 44

allele pairs separate independently of each other during gamete formation

Question 45

what is the likelihood that a particular event will happen

Answer 45

probability

Question 46

what is the major advantage of sexual reproduction

Answer 46

genetic variation

Question 47

what is the exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes

Answer 47

crossing over

Question 48

genes located together tend to be inherited together

Answer 48

genetic linkage