GENETICS

Question 1

It is the branch of biology that studies genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.

Answer 1

Genetics

Question 2

are specific sequences of DNA that serve as instructions for building proteins. it is also mendel’s observed “factors”

Answer 2

Genes

Question 3

are essential molecules that perform various functions in the body, such as enzyme activity, structural support and immune defense.

Answer 3

Protein

Question 4

Each gene consists of a unique sequence of nucleotides, what are these?

Answer 4

1. Adenine
2. Thymine
3. Guanine
4. Cytosine

Question 5

It explores how traits are passed from parents to offspring through DNA and how genetic differences contribute to diversity among individuals.

Answer 5

Genetics

Question 6

Parts of Chromosome X

Answer 6

1. Telomeres
2. Short and Long Arm
3. Centromere
4. DNA Molecule
5. Sister Chromatids

Question 7

are long, thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins.

Answer 7

Chromosomes

Question 8

Human have ___ chromosomes which are ___ pairs each.

Answer 8

46 ; 23

Question 9

It is the process by which traits and characteristics are passed from parents to offspring through genes.

Answer 9

Heredity

Question 10

These are traits that are manifested.

Answer 10

Dominant Traits

Question 11

These are traits that are often masked off.

Answer 11

Recessive Traits

Question 12

Different Alleles

Answer 12

Heterozygous

Question 13

Two Identical Alleles

Answer 13

Homozygous

Question 14

It is controlled by genes.

Answer 14

Heredity

Question 15

One of two or more alternative forms of gene in the same location on chromosome

Answer 15

Allele

Question 16

It determines an organism’s genotype

Answer 16

Genes

Question 17

It determines organism’s phenotype

Answer 17

Allele

Question 18

It is an observable traits of an organism

Answer 18

Phenotype

Question 19

Genetic constitution that an individual inherits; it tells the body how to things

Answer 19

Genotype

Question 20

In a heterozygote, one trait will conceal the presence of another trait for the same characteristic.

Answer 20

Law of Dominance

Question 21

Fertilization between two true-breeding parents that differ only in the characteristic being studied. Results are referred to as ______________.

Answer 21

Monohybrid Cross

Question 22

Punnett Square was devised by

Answer 22

Reginald Punnett

Question 23

states that each organism carries two alleles for each trait, but only one allele is passed on to offspring during gamete formation.

Answer 23

Law of Segregation

Question 24

A way to determine if an organism expressed a heterozygous or homozygous dominant trait.

Answer 24

Test Cross

Question 25

Genes do not influence each other with regards to the sorting of alleles into gametes, and every possible combination of alleles for every gene is equally likely to occur.

Answer 25

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 26

is a genetic pattern where the offspring's phenotype is a blend of the parents' traits because neither allele is completely dominant over the other.

Answer 26

Incomplete Dominance

Question 27

is a genetic pattern where both alleles are fully and equally expressed in the phenotype of the offspring, without blending.

Answer 27

Codominance

Question 28

is a type of inheritance where multiple genes work together to influence a single trait, resulting in a wide range of variations (e.g., height, skin color).

Answer 28

Polygenic Inheritance

Question 29

It refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population.

Answer 29

Genetic Variation

Question 30

is a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene.

Answer 30

Mutation

Question 31

They occur naturally and can also be triggered by environmental factors.

Answer 31

Mutation

Question 32

This process is crucial for evolution and survival, as it allows species to adapt to changing environments.

Answer 32

Genetic Variation

Question 33

It can alter the function of genes, sometimes leading to physical or biological changes in an organism.

Answer 33

Mutation

Question 34

It is the direct manipulation of an organism's DNA to modify its traits, improve its function, or introduce new characteristics. Scientists use this technology to add, remove, or alter genes in plants, animals, and even humans.

Answer 34

Genetic Engineering

Question 35

This is proposed by Hippocrates, every part of first introduced the idea that all parts of the body emit "seed-like" particles that travel to the reproductive organs and influence inheritance.

Answer 35

Pangenesis

Question 36

What do Darwin calls the particle that he later revived and modified the idea in the 19th century with his own version of pangenesis?

Answer 36

Gemmules

Question 37

believed heredity was driven by a "vital heat" from the male's semen shaping the menstrual blood of the female into a new organism, with traits resulting from the mixture of parental "form" and "matter." but not acquired traits.

Answer 37

Aristotle's Concept of Heredity

Question 38

is the outdated idea that offspring are a smooth, average mixture of their parents’ traits, like mixing paint colors.

Answer 38

Blending of Inheritance

Question 39

The early proponent of Pangenesis

Answer 39

Hippocrates

Question 40

Proponent of Blending of Inheritance

Answer 40

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Question 41

Inside a sperm or egg, there existed a tiny, fully formed human called a ____________

Answer 41

Homunculus

Question 42

During reproduction, the homunculus would grow in size but would not undergo development

Answer 42

Preformationism