Genetics

Question 1

Barr Body

Answer 1

Females shut off one of their X chromosomes during embryonic development. The inactivated X chromosome is called a Barr body and is sometimes referred to as sex chromatin.

Question 2

multiple alleles

Answer 2

gene has 2+ alleles

blood type

Question 3

complete dominance

Answer 3

heterozygous and homozygote for dominant allele are indistinguishable
eg. Yy YY both yellow

Question 4

incomplete dominance

Answer 4

hybrids have appearance that is between that of two parents

eg. pink flowers

Question 5

nondisjunction

Answer 5

failure to separate correctly- can result in something like downs trisomy 21

Question 6

mendels pea plant experiment

Answer 6

discovered fundamental laws of inheritance

Question 7

why peas?

Answer 7

control nation
many varieties
short generation time

Question 8

mitochondrial dna

Answer 8

Mitochondrial DNA contains 37 genes, all of which are essential for normal mitochondrial function.
non nuclear - maternal inheritance (eggs)

Question 9

sry gene

Answer 9

sex determining region of Y

Question 10

linkage

Answer 10

two genes that are located close to each other on a chromosome are often inherited together.

Question 11

epistasis

Answer 11

The important aspect of epistasis is that it doesn’t just influence the phenotype, it hides the output of another gene or genes.

Question 12

test cross

Answer 12

determine if dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous by crossing it with a recessive

Question 13

monohybrid cross

Answer 13

testing for one trait

flower color

Question 14

dihibrid cross

Answer 14

study 2 characters
( flower color and seed shape)
AaBb x AaBb

Question 15

phenotype

Answer 15

physical appearance

Question 16

genotype

Answer 16

genes that you have (Aa)

Question 17

locus

Answer 17

A locus refers to the specific location of a gene on a chromosome.

Question 18

dominant

Answer 18

is expressed

Question 19

recessive

Answer 19

hidden unless there is two of them