Genetics

Question 1

-gene

Answer 1

Unit of heredity

Question 2

pheno-

Answer 2

Showing, displaying

Question 3

soma-

Answer 3

Body

Question 4

Karyo-

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

loc/o

Answer 5

Location

Question 6

melan/o

Answer 6

Black , extreme darkness of hue

Question 7

Erythr/o

Answer 7

Red or red blood cell

Question 8

-zygous

Answer 8

Joined, paired

Question 9

co-

Answer 9

With, together

Question 10

di-

Answer 10

Two, twice, double

Question 11

Genetics

Answer 11

The study of heredity

Question 12

Base pairs

Answer 12

A pair of complementary base nucleotides
A-T
C-G

Question 13

Sex chromosomes

Answer 13

Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual

Question 14

Autosome

Answer 14

Chromosomes with in a somatic cells

2N

Question 15

Karyotype

Answer 15

Picture of all chromosomes in arranged pairs

Number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in pairs by size

Question 16

Genes

Answer 16

DNA segments that serve as key functional units in hereditary transmission

DNA chain contains thousand of snippets

Question 17

Genetic map

Answer 17

Graphic representation of a chromosome including the position of its genes

Question 18

Alleles

Answer 18

Gene variants at the same locus

Question 19

Homozygous

Answer 19

Two alleles are identical

Question 20

Heterozygous

Answer 20

Two alleles are different

Question 21

Genotype

Answer 21

Gene that and organism carries for a trait

Inside cell

Question 22

Phenotype

Answer 22

An organisms physical traits, visible traits

Question 23

Dominant

Answer 23

Allele that is expressed completely whenever it is present

Capital letter

Question 24

Recessive

Answer 24

Allele that us suppressed by s dominant allele

Lower case letter

Question 25

Punnett square

Answer 25

Grid used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring

Question 26

Genetic carrier

Answer 26

Individual that is heterozygous for a gene but does not display the second trait

Question 27

Incomplete dominance

Answer 27

Neither allele is dominant which results in different phenotype than both parents Different trait than both parents

Question 28

Codominance

Answer 28

Both alleles are fully expressed in the phenotype, neither is dominant or recessive

Question 29

Sex-linked inheritance

Answer 29

Genes that are only found on the X chromosomes

Question 30

Lethal Gene

Answer 30

Gene who's expression leads to the death of an individual. | Death occurs prematurely

Question 31

Polygenic

Answer 31

Influenced by many genes

Question 32

Amelanistic

Answer 32

Absence of black pigment

Question 33

Anerythristic

Answer 33

Absence of red pigment

Question 34

Dihybrid cross

Answer 34

Cross between two different lines (varieties, strains) that differ in two observed traits

Question 35

F1, F2

Answer 35

First generation of offspring | Second generation of offspring

Question 36

Inbreeding

Answer 36

Breeding of closely related individuals, such as sibilings or parent-offspring

Question 37

Line breeding

Answer 37

``` mating or less closely related individuals Predictable offspring (genetically identical) ```

Question 38

Outcrossing

Answer 38

Mating of unrelated individuals with in the same species | Offspring may not resemble either parent

Question 39

Outbreeding depression

Answer 39

Reduction in quality by dilution of desirable traits

Question 40

Hybrid vigor

Answer 40

Improvement of quality by dilution of undesirable traits and/or introduction of new desirable traits