GENETICS QUIZ

Question 1

What term refers to the total number of different alleles in a population?

Answer 1

Allele frequency / gene frequency

Question 2

What is the lining up of chromosomes in different orders along the equator referred to as?

Answer 2

Independent segregation

Question 3

What is the role of rRNA?

Answer 3

Makes ribosomes

Question 4

What type of classification groups organisms based on evolutionary relationships?

Answer 4

Phylogenetic classification

Question 5

What are 2 sources of genetic variation in sexual reproduction?

Answer 5

• Crossing over

- Independent segregation

Question 6

During transcription, what is reading the open DNA to make a sequence of complementary bases?

Answer 6

RNA polymerase

Question 7

Why do we carry out random sampling?

Answer 7

To prevent sampling bias

Question 8

How could you describe other types of eukaryotic DNA? (not found in the nucleus)

Answer 8

Short

Not associated with proteins

Question 9

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 9

• Eukarya
• Archaea
• Bacteria

Question 10

What is meant by the term proteome?

Answer 10

Complete set of proteins coded for

Question 11

During translation, how many tRNA molecules can attach to the ribosome at one time?

Answer 11

2 (?)

Question 12

What variation is described when talking about members of the same species differing from one another?

Answer 12

Intraspecific variation

Question 13

What variation is described when talking about members of different species differing from one another?

Answer 13

Interspecific variation

Question 14

What type of cells are formed during meiosis?

Answer 14

Haploid

Question 15

What is different from pre-mRNA and mRNA?

Answer 15

Introns are removed (?)

Question 16

What is a triplet on an mRNA molecule referred as?

Answer 16

A codon

Question 17

Why is splicing needed during transcription?

Answer 17

To remove the introns

Question 18

Which base pairs bond with two hydrogen bonds?

Answer 18

A and T

Question 19

Which base pairs bond with three hydrogen bonds?

Answer 19

C and G

Question 20

What type of bond is formed between the amino acids during translation?

Answer 20

Peptide

Question 21

What shape is tRNA?

Answer 21

Clover

Question 22

Does tRNA contain a codon or an anticodon?

Answer 22

Anticodon

Question 23

What does a large standard deviation indicate in terms of range / variety?

Answer 23

A high range / variety

Question 24

What is a triplet on a tRNA molecule referred as?

Answer 24

An anticodon

Question 25

What are some facts about mRNA?

Answer 25

Short lifetime Single stranded Present in transcription AND translation

Question 26

What type of classification groups organisms based on differences useful at the time?

Answer 26

Artificial classification

Question 27

If an organism had 4 homologous pairs, how many chromosome combinations can be produced?

Answer 27

16

Question 28

Where does the first name of a species come from?

Answer 28

Genus

Question 29

What can reduce species diversity in agriculture?

Answer 29

Overgrazing Draining wetlands Monocultures

Question 30

How do we name species?

Answer 30

Binomial system

Question 31

How many homologous pairs do eukaryotes contain?

Answer 31

23

Question 32

How can we compare genetic diversity between species?

Answer 32

Observable characteristics DNA sequences Amino acid sequences

Question 33

What are some facts about tRNA?

Answer 33

Short molecule Folded into clover shape Contains an anticodon

Question 34

Where does the second name of a species come from?

Answer 34

Species

Question 35

Where else can DNA be found in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 35

Mitochondia | Chloroplasts

Question 36

Define the term gene.

Answer 36

A section of DNA at a specific position

Question 37

Define taxonomy

Answer 37

Theory and practice of classification

Question 38

What are the differences between RNA and DNA structure?

Answer 38

DNA is longer RNA codes for uracil RNA has a ribose sugar DNA double stranded

Question 39

What classifies organisms into the domain bacteria?

Answer 39

No histones associated with DNA

Question 40

What is the protein associated with DNA?

Answer 40

Histone

Question 41

What are the taxonomic ranks in order? (8)

Answer 41

``` Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species ```

Question 42

Where is DNA found in a prokaryote?

Answer 42

In the cytoplasm

Question 43

The term for chromosomes not separating during meiosis?

Answer 43

Non-disjunction

Question 44

What factors contribute to a species?

Answer 44

Can breed to produce fertile offspring

Question 45

DNA is described as a degenerate code...what does this mean?

Answer 45

More than one triplet can code for the same amino acid

Question 46

How do you write the scientific names of species?

Answer 46

Underlined + italics + first letter of name uppercase

Question 47

What is meant by the term genome?

Answer 47

Complete set of genes in a cell

Question 48

DNA is described as a universal code...what does this mean?

Answer 48

Universal across all organisms