Genetics Test

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

Transmission of genetic info from one generation to another

Question 2

How is prediction in heredity done

Answer 2

Prediction in heredity is expressed in terms of probability. The measure of the chance occurrence of certain events.

Question 3

Who is gregor mendell

Answer 3

1822-1884
Austrian monk
Trained as a mathematician and natural scientist

Question 4

Explain go to mendel’s experiment

Answer 4

Crossed plants with different forms of the same trait.

Reproduction controlled to ensure one trait was crossed with another

Question 5

What was the results of gregor mendell’s experiment

Answer 5

A dominant treat is the only chate that shows the f one group
How high is that group crossed again? A recessive trait will show

Question 6

What was the conclusion of mendel’s experiment

Answer 6

Parents transmit through gametes ( genes) that control traits

Question 7

What are alleles

Answer 7

Different forms of one gene that are paired

Question 8

What does it mean to be homosigus

Answer 8

That both alleles or identical, Pure bread

Question 9

What does it mean to be heterozygous

Answer 9

A pair of a deals with different genetic information

Question 10

What is a gino type

Answer 10

The genetic makeup of an organism ( Genetic pair)

Question 11

What is a phenotype

Answer 11

The description of the organism’s appearance

Question 12

What is codominus

Answer 12

An exception to mendel’s mono hybrid cross

When two alleles of a gene are equally dominant, they combine to produce a new phenotype

Ex If red snapdragons are crossed with white snapdragons, the offspring is pink

Question 13

What are sex linked traits

Answer 13

Sex blinked traits are linked on either x or the y Chromosome. females have two x chromosome.Telemails have an x and y curzone

Question 14

What is the difference between the x?And y chromosome

Answer 14

X chromosome is longer than the y

Question 15

What is human blood type determined by

Answer 15

The interaction of three different alleles. A, B. And C

Question 16

What do the blood type alleles represent

Answer 16

The type of protein that’s found in the blood cell membrane. A, B, o

Question 17

Why can you not give someone a different blood?Type

Answer 17

The body’s immune system is designed to recognize and destroy foreign proteins.

Question 18

What issues can arise if someone is given the wrong blood type

Answer 18

The cells can clump and glog, blood vessels

Question 19

What is a pedigree

Answer 19

A try used to trace a certain trait through as many generations as possible

Question 20

Is a pedigree reliable

Answer 20

A pedigree only works well with traits that have simple patterns and inheritance, dominance/ recessive, Sex linked

Question 21

Why are pedigree’s use

Answer 21

Pedigree can be used to determine how a trait is transmitted and to predict the probability of future offspring inheriting that trait

Question 22

What are the causes of genetic disorder

Answer 22

Chromosome admiralities ( Missing or extra chromosomes)

Altered chromosome structure

Question 23

What is a karyotype

Answer 23

A photograph of chromosomes

It’s useful in detecting defects due to chromosome admiralities

Question 24

How are chromosomes numbered

Answer 24

According to homogulus, pairs and gooped according to size and centromere, position

Question 25

Causes of missing or extra chromosome

Answer 25

Call majon failed to separate popularly during meiosis

Question 26

Does a lack of a chromosome always result in non survival

Answer 26

Turner syndrome is the only exception due to the presence of bare bodies, which is a coiled up inactive x chromosome

Question 27

What is deletion

Answer 27

Piece of a chromosome is missing results in a lack of information

Question 28

What is duplication

Answer 28

Deleted portion of one chromosome becomes attached to it homolog ( Neighbor)

Question 29

What is inversion

Answer 29

Section of a chromosome becomes reversed.Results is a reversal of the gene.Order

Question 30

What is trans location

Answer 30

Fragment of one chromosome becomes attached to a non homagan chromosom

Question 31

What are the effects of a changed chromosome structure

Answer 31

Generally, drastic effects like abmorality's, sterility, usually self destructing

Question 32

What is point mutation

Answer 32

Errors are made in the Replication process as d n a is copied for cell division - This can be substitution or a deletion, how

Question 33

What is the effect of point mutation

Answer 33

It depends on the Process of the gene and wear on the protein, the change occurs

Question 34

Give an example of chromosomes i'm abnorralities

Answer 34

Down syndrome Turner's syndrome Kline filter syndrome

Question 35

What is hybrid

Answer 35

An individual formed by mating between unlike forms,

Question 36

What is the law dominant

Answer 36

The principle of dominate When parents differ in one characteristic, their hybrid offspring resembles only one of the parents The principle of segregation When a hybrid reproduces its reproductive cells, one is of two kinds have transmitting the dominant character of one parent and the other half, transmitting the recessive character of the other parent.

Question 37

What is the principle of segregation

Answer 37

The principle of segregation When a hybrid reproduces its reproductive cells, are of two kinds half transmitting the dominant character of one parent and the other half, transmitting the recessive character of the other parent.

Question 38

What is the principle of assortment

Answer 38

Alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamite formation

Question 39

Cause of down sydrome

Answer 39

Extra chromosome #21

Question 40

Cause of tuner syndrome

Answer 40

Missing an sex chrome, leaving them with only X

Question 41

Kline felter's sybdrome

Answer 41

Extra chromosome, X or Y

Question 42

What is the cause of all genetic disorders

Answer 42

NoN disjuction Chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis

Question 43

What is sickle cell mutation

Answer 43

Caused by a substitution point mutation Affects hemoglobins and causes blood cells become sickle shaped.

Question 44

What is cystic fibrosis mutation

Answer 44

Caused by the deletion point mutation Results in a missing amino acid in the c f t r protein