Genital lumps, ulcers, discharge + dysuria Flashcards
(32 cards)
Causative agent of genital warts
HPV (mostly types 6 and 11)
High oncogenic risk types of HPV
16
18
31
33
35
Clinical features of genital warts
little physical discomfort
perianal growths may cause soreness and irritation
bleeding
urethral warts may distort urinary system
Genital warts treatment
podophyllotoxin
trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
cryotherapy
imiquimod
surgical excision
What is bowenoid papulosis?
HPV-induced growth associated with high risk types 16 and 18
often darkly pigmented
can be considered as transitional state between genital wart and bowens disease
treated with imiquimod
What causes molluscum contagiosum?
pox virus
What are condylomata lata?
occur in secondary syphilis
papular lesions of syphilitic rash become confluent at mucocutaneous junctions and other areas –> condylomata lata
common in perianal region, vulva and scrotum
highly infectious
What causes scabies?
the mite sarcoptes scabiei
Scabies treatment
permethrin 5% cream or malathion 0.5% aqueous cream
repeat after 7 days
treat sexual and close contacts
What are pearly penile papules?
lumps around corona of glans penis
usually develop in teens
normal tiny glands –> no treatment needed
What are parafrenular glands?
normal glands that appear on either side of the frenulum
What is a lymphocoele?
hard swelling on penis that suddenly appears after sexual intercourse or masturbation
usually on shaft near foreskin
What causes a lymphocoele on the penis?
temporary blockage of the lymphatic channels at the margin of the head of the penis
will go away on own and has no after effects
What are sebaceous cysts?
swollen, blocked grease glands that look like yellowish pimples
often occur on skin of scrotum or labia majora
harmless but may become infected
What are fordyce spots?
small glands scattered in clusters along the reflex prepuce on the shaft of the penis and in the vestibular area of the vulva
no treatment needed
What is primary herpes infection?
first infection with either HSV-1 or 2 in an individual with no pre-existing antibodies to either type
What is non-primary herpes infection?
first infection with either HSV-1 or 2 in an individual with pre-existing antibodies to the other type
Clinical features of primary herpes infection
fever
headache
malaise
myalgia
Herpes simplex infection appearance
vesicles over local area of erythema
may become pustular
breakdown to form tender ulcers
local oedema
persists 4-15 days
followed by crusting and re-epithelisation
Complications of herpes simplex infection
sacral radiculopathy (urinary retention, constipation, sacral anaesthesia)
cervicitis (HSV2)
secondary phimosis
pharyngitis (HSV2)
secondary bacterial and yeast infection
adhesions
viral meningitis
neonatal encephalitis
How is herpes simplex infection diagnosed?
clinical
viral isolation
OCR
direct electron microscopy
serological assay
Management of herpes simplex infection
antiviral agents - aciclovir, famvir, valcyclovir
pain relief - local anaesthetic
needs c section if acquired in late pregnancy
Describe lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
chlamydia serovars L1-3
ulceration of vulva, penis, rectum or groin
painless
hard tender lymph nodes in inguinal area
untreated can cause extensive scarring
Lymphogranuloma venereum treatment
doxycycline
