Genitourinary - Incontinence Flashcards
(30 cards)
T/F: Urinary incontinecne is always permanent and irreversible
False, urinary incontinence can be temporary or permanent
T/F: Urinary incotinence is a normal concequence of aging, pregnancy, or childbirth
False, Urinary incotinence is NOT a normal concequence of aging, pregnancy, or childbirth
Women are at a ____ risk of incontinence compared to men
higher
What are some geriatric considerations for urinary incontinence?
- Decreased bladder capacity
- Weakn perineal muscle tone
- Enlarged prostate
Why would urinary incontinence be underdiagnosed in older adults?
This condition is typically underdiagnosed due to geriatric patients feeling embarrassed because of their condition
Describe the following type of Urinary Incontinece:
Stress Incontinece
(Definition, Cause of Incontinence, Found in Patients With?)
Definition:
- Involuntary loss of urine due to weak pelvic floor muscles and/or deficient urethral sphincter
-> Loss of urine when coughing, sneezing, or exercising
Cause of Incontinence:
- inability to tighten urethra
- increase in abdomnial or detrusor muscle pressure
Found in Patients With:
- Overweight
- After childbirth
- Post-Menopause
Describe the following type of Urinary Incontinece:
Urge Incontinece
(Definition, Cause of Incontinence, Found in Patients With?)
AKA: Overactive Bladder
Definition:
- Involuntary loss of urine associated with a strong urge to void
Cause of Incontinence:
- bladder contracts regardless of the amount of urine
Found in Patients With:
- CVA
- Caffeine/Alcohol/Nicotine
- Artificial Sweetner
- DIuretic medications
Describe the following type of Urinary Incontinece:
Mixed Incontinece
(Definition, Cause of Incontinence, Found in Patients With?)
Definition:
- the presence of more than one incontinence
-> Urge and Stress incontinence
Cause of Incontinence:
- Vaginal, urethral, pelvic muscle thin and weak
Found in Patients With:
- Older Women
-> After menopase (due to low estrogen levels)
Describe the following type of Urinary Incontinece:
Overflow Incontinece
(Definition, Cause of Incontinence, Found in Patients With?)
Definition:
- involuntary loss of urine when the bladder reaches maximum capacity and causes overflow of the bladder
Cause of Incontinence:
- Detrusor muscle fails to contract -> bladder distention
Found in Patients With:
- Enlarged prostate (BPH)
- Nerve damange
-> DM
-> Alcohlism
-> Parkinson’s
Describe the following type of Urinary Incontinece:
Functional Incontinece
(Definition, Cause of Incontinence, Found in Patients With?)
Definition:
- Involuntary loss of urine associated with different factors other an abnormal fxn of the bladder
Cause of Incontinence:
- loss of cognitive function
-> loss of voiding awareness
Found in Patients With:
- Dementia
- CVA
What type of urinary incontinence is the most common?
- stress incontinence
What age group/population is urinary incontinence more common in?
- Older Adults
Describe the following type of risk factors for urinary incontinence:
- Age
- Gender
- Hx of UTIs
- Medication
- Inadequate resources
- Chronic Illness
Age:
- Older Adults
Gender:
- Women: Pregnancy, Menopause
Hx of UTIs:
- dmg bladder lining
Medication:
- ↓ LOC
-> diuretics, analgesics
Inadequate Resources:
- No assistive devices/personnel
- Costly products
Chronic Illness:
- CVA, Arthritis, Parkinson’s
Josh is unable to control his bladder and urinates all over the place. What assessments should the nurse do?
- Assess for Risk Factors
-
Voiding Patterns (4 C’s)
-> capacity
-> control
-> comfort
-> completion -
Urine
-> Amount
-> Color
-> Clarity
-> Odor
-> Frequency
Describe how the following intervention and Explain helps with urinary incontience:
Creating Voiding Schedule
Start voiding schedule, start with short intervals and grually increase time intervals
- helps train and control urge to urinate
Describe how the following intervention helps with urinary incontience:
Weight reduction
- Helps decrease intra-abdominal pressure in overweight/obese people with stress incontince
Describe how the following intervention helps with urinary incontience:
Exercise
Improve and maintain pelvic floor muscles
- Kegel/Pelvic floor exercises
-> 10x/day for 6 months (see results in 6 weeks)
Describe the following intervention and its relation to urinary incontience:
Monitor Hydration
- Limit fluid intake after dinner = pvt nocturia
- avoid caffeine/alcohol: diuretics and bladder irritants
Describe how the following intervention helps with urinary incontience:
Medication Education
Teach expected and potential side effects of medication
- Ex: Detrol LA & Ditropan; inhibit fibers, stimulate bladder contraction -> incontinence
-> poor adherence/adverse effects: urinary retention, dysuria, UTI
Describe how the following intervention helps with urinary incontience:
Vaginal Cone Therapy
- insert weighted cone into vagina -> helps with Kegel exercises
Describe how the following intervention helps with urinary incontience:
- Surgical sling
- Bladder Suspension
- Reconstrition
Surgical sling
- Treat Stress Incontinence
-> pvds supports to urethra
Bladder Suspension
- Treat stress incontinence
-> lift and supports bladder neck and urethra
Reconstruction
- not typically done for urinary incontinence
- typically after bladder cancer
- removal of bladder and creating bladder to take its place
Describe how the following intervention and some complications of this intervention:
Incontinence Pads
Collect urine and keep clothes dry
- prologned exposure to moisture -> risk for skin breakdown
-> must be changed often
Describe how the following intervention helps with urinary incontience:
Internal Intermittent (Straight) Catheter
What do the patients need to demonstrate to the Nurse?
pt is taught how to insert catheter on themselves (req. manual dexterity to self-catheterize)
- Helps with long term problems of bladder emptying due to neurogenic bladder
- patient needs to demonstrate/teach back insertion and proper technique to prevent contmination & UTIs
Describe how the following intervention is used in realtion to urinary incontience:
Internal Indwelling Catheter
not indicated for patience with incontinence UNLESS
- patient has severe skin breakdown
-> needs to maintain dryness for healing - terinary/critically ill neededing comfort measure or precise output monitoring
may lead to UTI
