geo exam 2

Question 1

Renewable energy sources

Answer 1

sun, wind, water

Question 2

Non-renewable energy sources

Answer 2

Oil, gas, coal, nuclear energy

Question 3

Conservation

Answer 3

Natural resources should be used wisely. Responsibility to future generations and nature

Question 4

Preservation

Answer 4

Preserve certain habits, species, and resources

Question 5

Sustainable development

Answer 5

Balance economic development and environment protection

Question 6

Who produces coal?

Answer 6

Russia, US, China

Question 7

Who produces nuclear energy for civic use?

Answer 7

Core countries and some peripheral

India, China, S. Korea

Question 8

Territoriality

Answer 8

The attachment to certain location territory. Implies the practice of a form of power or influence

Question 9

Formal territories

Answer 9

Formal territories limit among countries/cities; individual property rights

Question 10

Informal territories

Answer 10

Unwritten territorial rules among individuals

Question 11

Cognitive images

Answer 11

Are what people see in the minds eye when they think of a place

Question 12

Peoples perceptive is affected by….

Answer 12

1. Information given/obtained

2. Personalities and cultures

Question 13

Simplifying

Answer 13

People remember certain features

Question 14

Distorting

Answer 14

People have incorrect image because of incomplete or biased information

Question 15

Ordinary landscape

Answer 15

Includes symbols expressing cultures, meanings and values

Question 16

For human geographers,

Answer 16

landscape refers to attributes of a place a place/region

Question 17

Semiotics

Answer 17

Writing and reading signs and symbols that send messages to express identity, values, beliefs.

Question 18

Sacred Spaces

Answer 18

Are places of special importance and considered sacred by religion

Question 19

Modernity

Answer 19

Emphasizes reasons, scientific rationality, progress, discovery, and creativity. Started with European renaissance in 17th century

Question 20

Post-modernity

Answer 20

Focuses on developing consumption and materialism

Question 21

Economic development

Answer 21

Economic growth and social benefits

Question 22

Factors affecting levels of economic development

Answer 22

1. Economic system
2. Technology
3. Availiable resources
4. Economic sector
5. Ability to participate and compete in international trade

Question 23

Economic sectors

Answer 23

1. Primary sectors - Fishing, agriculture, mining
2. Secondary sector - Industrial
3. Tertiary sector - Trade, services, sales
4. Quartenary sector - Very advanced services, research and devolopment

Question 24

Rostow’s Model

Answer 24

Is derived from the experience of developed countries

Question 25

The Dependency Theory

Answer 25

Cities grow because of their dependency on other settlements.

Question 26

The Cumulative Causation Theory

Answer 26

Cities have advantages that cause initial growth

Question 27

Primate cities

Answer 27

Are where most people, economic functions, and services are contracted.

Question 28

1st Agricultural Revolution

Answer 28

Early civilizations in Mesopotamia & Egypt with traditional practices

Question 29

2nd Agricultural Revolution (Europe)

Answer 29

Innovations (Machinery, fertilizers) | Commercial market for food and capitalist farming

Question 30

3rd Agricultural Revolution (North America)

Answer 30

Mechanization(Machines replaced/enhanced human labor) Fertilizers Food manufacturing

Question 31

Agricultural Industrialization

Answer 31

1. Production (Farm) 2. Storage 3. Processing 4. Distribuition & Marketing 5. Retailing

Question 32

Green Revolution

Answer 32

Core countries exported fertilizers and high yielding seed to peripheral countries in the 1960s.

Question 33

Many ________ countries convert ________ to agricultural lands to produce rice year round.

Answer 33

Peripheral, wetlands

Question 34

Genetically Engineered Crops

Answer 34

38% of all crops in corn and 80% of all crops in soybeans in the US are GE

Question 35

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)

Answer 35

Are found in 75% of all processed foods in USA

Question 36

Agribusiness

Answer 36

A system organizing food production from cultivation to retailing

Question 37

Food Chains

Answer 37

A process Producing foods. | Inputs --> Production --> Processing --> Distribution --> consumption

Question 38

Major impacts of the environment on agriculture:

Answer 38

- Crop type - Soil fertility - Water quality and quantity

Question 39

Famine

Answer 39

Acute starvation association with a sharp increase in mortality