Geography Flashcards
Geography - learn and memorise (27 cards)
What is wellbeing?
The ability to access the things we need to live happy and healthy lives.
What are the three key factors of wellbeing?
Health, Wealth, Education.
What does health refer to in the context of wellbeing?
Access to healthcare and healthy living conditions.
What does wealth refer to in the context of wellbeing?
Economic resources that influence quality of life.
What does education refer to in the context of wellbeing?
Access to learning improves life outcomes.
What are the influences on wellbeing?
Political, Economic, Environmental, Social.
What does the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) explain?
The shift in birth and death rates as countries develop.
What are the five stages of the DTM?
- High birth and death rates (low growth)
- Falling death rates (high growth)
- Falling birth rates (slowing growth)
- Low birth and death rates (low growth)
- Decline or very low growth.
What are the limitations of the DTM?
Time scale doesn’t suit all regions, doesn’t account for migration, based on assumptions that may not apply globally, doesn’t explain different reasons for changes in birth/death rates.
What are population pyramids used for?
To identify trends in age, gender, and population growth/decline.
What is foreign aid?
Transfer of money, food, emergency services, or other resources from one country to another.
What are the types of foreign aid?
Humanitarian or strategic (economic or political interest).
What are NGOs?
Non-Government Organisations involved in aid and development independently of government.
What is Australia’s role in foreign aid?
Provides aid to support regional stability, development, and secure its economic and security interests.
What are the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)?
8 goals set from 2000 to 2015 focused on poverty, education, equality, and health.
What are the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
17 goals (from 2015 to 2030) with a broader scope including climate action, clean water, decent work, and peace.
What are the environmental changes caused by human impact?
Land degradation, soil erosion, air pollution, CO₂ emissions, climate change, water pollution, rising sea levels, thermal expansion.
Egocentric, Anthropocentric, Ecocentric, Biocentric.
What drives climate change?
Burning fossil fuels and deforestation.
What is sustainability?
The ability to maintain or support a process over time.
What are the three pillars of sustainability?
Environmental, Economic, Social.
What is HIV?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
What is AIDS?
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, which develops from HIV if not treated.
What are the causes of the spread of HIV?
Unprotected sex, sharing needles, mother-to-child transmission, poor health education, lack of resources for testing and treatment.
