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Social Sciences 6-12 > Geography > Flashcards

Geography Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the surface of the Earth, including aspects like climate, topography, vegetation & population

A

Geography

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2
Q

What are the 3 questions geography seeks to answer?

A

Where? Why there? What are the consequences of it being there?

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3
Q

Identifying, explaining, and predicting the human and physical patterns in space and the interconnections of various spaces

A

Spatial Perspective

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4
Q

What are the four branches of geography?

A

Human Geography, Physical Geography, Regional Geography & Topical/Systemic Geography

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5
Q

The study of humans and the cultures they create relative to their space.

A

Human Geography

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6
Q

This study of geography looks at how people’s activity relates to the environment politically, culturally, historically, and socially.

A

Human Geography

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7
Q

The study of the physical environment of the Earth including water, animals, air and land

A

Physical Geography

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8
Q

This study of geography divides the world into different realms

A

Regional Geography

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9
Q

The systematic studies of climate, landforms, economics, and culture

A

Topical/Systemic Geography

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10
Q

Deals with the relationship between population patterns and geography

A

Population Geography

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11
Q

Studies the effect of geography on politics such as national boundaries and state relationship

A

Political Geography

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12
Q

Studies the interaction between the Earth’s landscape and the economic activity of the human population

A

Economic Geography

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13
Q

What are the five themes of Geography?

A

Location, Places, Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, Regions

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14
Q

The exact whereabouts of a person, place or thing

A

Absolute Location

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15
Q

Measured in meridians east and west of the Prime Meridian

A

Longitude

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16
Q

Measured in parallels north and south of the Equator

A

Latitude

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17
Q

Description of a relationship of a place between or among other places

A

Relative Location

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18
Q

A unique combination of physical & cultural attributes that give each location on Earth its individual “stamp”

A

Place

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19
Q

The natural environment of a place and comes from geological, hydrological, atmospheric and biological processes in the area.

A

Physical Characteristics

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20
Q

Changes made to the environment as a result of human ideals and actions

A

Human Characteristics

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21
Q

This theme of geography looks at the positive and negative effects that result from human interaction with the environment

A

Human-Environment Interaction

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22
Q

What is the biggest issue with Human-Environment Interaction?

A

Interactions between human & environment can change quickly and may only be temporary.

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23
Q

How and why people, places, and things are connected to and dependent upon one another.

A

Movement

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24
Q

How ideas, innovation and ideology spread from one area to another

A

Cultural Diffusion

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25
How places interact through movement, the extent of this depends on distance.
Spatial interaction
26
The degree to which distance interferes with some interactions.
Friction of Distance
27
The increasing sense of accessibility and connectivity that seems to bring humans in distant places together, but it only reduces perceived distance
Space-Time Compression
28
When interaction between two places declines as distance between them increases
Distance Decay
29
What are the three basic types of regions?
Formal Regions, Functional Regions, Vernacular Regions
30
Areas that have common cultural or physical features and are often defined by government or administrative boundaries
Formal Regions
31
Another term for Formal Regions
Uniform Regions
32
Regions that are linked by some function's influence on them, but if the function ceases to exist so does the region.
Functional Regions
33
Another term for Functional Regions
Nodal Regions
34
Loosely defined regions based on people's perceptions
Vernacular Regions
35
Natural processes that shape the Earth's physical systems and features are...
Air, Land, Water, Animals
36
What are the seven main natural processes that have shaped Earth's landforms, physical features, and systems?
Plate Tectonics, Weathering, Transportation, Erosion, Freezing & Thawing, Gravity, Deposition
37
What are many landforms the byproducts of?
Interactions between natural processes that produced sediments which were then deposited (dunes, deltas, glacial moraines)
38
The physical and chemical breakdown of rocks at or near the Earth's surface
Weathering
39
When soil and rock debris is loosened and carried away
Erosion
40
What are agents of erosion?
Streams, Glaciers, Wave Action, Wind, Mass Movement
41
What is the most potent erosive force on Earth and why?
Wave Action, because it is controlled by gravity.
42
Theory that the Earth's lithosphere is broken down into a dozen plates that float and cause landforms as they separate, collide, and slide past each other.
Plate Tectonics
43
The way of life that characterizes a certain region
Culture
44
The interaction with the Earth as caused by people's culture
Cultural Ecologu
45
The view that the environment can overpower people, determine their culture, and the direction/extent of their developent
Environmental Determinism
46
The view that culture overpowers and shapes the environment
Human-Cultural Determinism
47
What are the three lenses that human-cultural determinism can be seen through?
Impact of Culture on Interaction, Impact of Vegetation, Impact of Landforms
48
The study of how social and environmental change occurs in the context of power relations, social structures, economic issues & human-environment interactions.
Political Ecology
49
A two dimensional model of Earth or a portion of its surface
Map
50
The process of map making
Cartography
51
This map shows political boundaries (states, cities, capitols, countries)
Political Map
52
This map shows landforms and bodies of water in an area
Physical Map
53
This map shows climate, vegetation, population density, or historical trends (among other options)
Thematic Map
54
What are the four main map properties?
Shape, Size, Distance and Direction
55
The geometric properties of the objects on the map are its
shapes
56
The relative amount of space taken up by landforms or other objects on the map
Size (Area)
57
The represented space between objects on the map
Distance
58
The degree of accuracy representing the cardinal directions and their intermediate directions
Direction
59
What are the six parts of a map?
Title, Compass, Scale, Labels, Key and Contour
60
This reveals the subject of the map and gives an idea of the information displayed on the map
Title
61
This orients a map
Compass (Compass Rose)
62
This tells how much smaller the distance on the map is to the actual distance.
Scale
63
These are words or phrases that explain features on a map
Labels
64
This explains or shows what symbols or colors on a map mean
Key (Legend)
65
This style of map depicts elevation
Contour Map
66
The closer together these are on a contour map, the steeper the elevation
Contour Lines
67
These are graphical representations of numerical data and detail relationships between parts of data.
Graphs & Charts
68
The horizontal border on a graph or chart
X Axis
69
The vertical border on a graph or chart
Y Axis
70
What are the seven main features of a graph or chart?
Title, Diagram, Dimensions, Scale, Labels, Data, Legend
71
This is located above the main graphic and describes information contained within the graph or chart.
Title
72
This represents visualizations of the underlying data in a graph or chart.
Diagram
73
This is expressed along the axes of a chart
Dimensions
74
The only type of chart without axes is a
Pie Chart
75
This is marked by periodic graduations and accompanied by numerical or categorical indications
Scale
76
This is located on each axis and describes what sort of dimensions it represents
Labels
77
This is what is represented by the graph or chart
Data
78
This lists the variables used on a graph or chart and gives an example of their appearance
Legend
79
This type of graph or chart shows how something changes with respect to time.
Area Chart
80
An area chart shows what?
Contribution over time of each type of data in a series to form a whole picture.
81
Horizontal and vertical blocks or bars are used in this type of graph or chart to compare amounts or frequency of distinct times or shows single items at distinct intervals
Bar Chart
82
This chart or graph compares items at distinct intervals and is arranged in categories along the horizontal axis with values along the vertical
Column Chart
83
This type of graph or chart allows one to look at two pieces of information that are both similar and dissimilar. It plots the value of the data as a "point" and "connects the dots" to illustrate the relationship of consecutive points.
Line Chart
84
This type of graph or chart represents a part to whole relationship between data groups.
Pie Chart
85
The pieces of a pie chart are called its
Sectors
86
Data in this chart or graph is displayed as a collection of points, but makes no connections, columns, lines, or bars.
Scatter Plot

Social Sciences 6-12 (4 decks)

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