Geography of conflict Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is conflict?
A state of discord caused by the actual or perceived opposition of needs, values and interests.
What is war?
A conflict among political groups involving hostilities of considerable duration and magnitude.
Who are the main stakeholders in Arctic oil and gas extraction?
Indigenous People, Nation States, Oil and Gas companies, Environmental Groups.
Why do indigenous peoples oppose Arctic oil and gas extraction?
Because it threatens their culture, food sources, and traditional way of life.
What is the economic argument for Arctic oil and gas extraction?
It generates revenue, jobs, and energy resources critical for national development.
What are the risks of oil and gas extraction in the Arctic?
Oil spills, disruption of wildlife, melting permafrost, damage to ecosystems.
How are companies like Shell addressing environmental risks?
Using underwater pipelines, spill response systems, and collaborations with scientists.
What are mitigation strategies for pipeline impact on permafrost?
Building pipelines above ground or refrigerating underground sections.
Which countries have jurisdiction over parts of the Arctic Ocean?
Canada, Denmark (Greenland), Iceland, Norway, Russia, United States.
What legal framework governs Arctic seafloor claims?
The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.
What is Russia’s stance on Arctic territory?
Russia is expanding military and scientific presence and claiming territory via the Lomonosov Ridge.
What is a notable quote about Arctic exploration and cultural impact?
“We fear that oil exploration is cultural genocide that will end the Inuit way of life.” – Niore Iqalukjuak
What is Greenpeace’s stance on Arctic oil drilling?
It opposes drilling due to its impacts on marine life and indigenous communities.
What is the Saami concern about Arctic drilling?
“If they go with knives, with spears, they could break everything. And then what?” – Nadezhda Lyashenko
