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SCHOOL > Geography - TERM 1 - DEVELOPMENT > Flashcards

Geography - TERM 1 - DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

1
Q

What is development?

A

Improving the quality of life, where everyone has the basic necessities to live.

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2
Q

IS development a phase or a process?

A

Development is a process of change and growth.

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3
Q

What is sustainability?

A

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.

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4
Q

What is the Development Compass Rose (dcr)?

A

Natural - Environment
Economic- Money and jobs
Social- people and the way they live
Who decides?- power and politics

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5
Q

What is LEDC?

A

Less Economically Developed Country (Developing country)

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6
Q

What is a NIC?

A

Newly Industrialized Country (Emerging country)

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7
Q

What is a MEDC?

A

Most Economically developed Country (Developed country)

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8
Q

What is fairness?

A

The impartial and just treatment or behaviour without favouritism.

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9
Q

What is discrimination?

A

The unjust treatment of different categories of people, because of their identity.

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10
Q

In what ways can inequality rise?

A

Discrimination based on age, disability, race, gender, geographical location, sexual orientation

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11
Q

What is per capita?

A

Per person

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12
Q

What is Gross National Income (GNI)?

A

The amount of money earned by a country.

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13
Q

What is life expectancy?

A

How long a person in a country is expected to live based on current living conditions.

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14
Q

What is Human Development Index (HDI)?

A

Income per capita, life expectancy, and number of years of schooling. Score is 0 to 1.

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15
Q

What is Maternal Mortality Rate(MMR)?

A

Number of mothers dying per 100,000 live births

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16
Q

What is literacy rate?

A

Percentage of population over 15 years who can read and write in any language.

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17
Q

What is ecological footprint?

A

the average amount of land needed per person to sustain a country’s typical consumption patterns.

18
Q

What is Happy Planet Index(HPI)?

A

country’s well-being, life expectancy, ecological footprint

19
Q

What is corruption?

A

The abuse of entrusted power for private gain.

20
Q

How can we stop corruption?

A

Transparency. Being transparent means that ideas and actions are under the scrutiny of the public. Transparency is all about knowing who, why, what, how, and how much.

21
Q

What is the dependency theory?

A

countries are poor because poor countries offer cheap labour and raw materials, richer countries transform these and sell it at a higher price to the poor countries. this cycle continues and prevents the poor country from developing.

22
Q

What is Fair Trade?

A

The Fair Trade movement is a global campaign aimed at ensuring fair prices for farmers and producers in less developed countries (LEDCs).

23
Q

What does Fair Trade practice?

A

decent working conditions, sustainable development and environmentally-friendly agricultural practices.

24
Q

Examples of products that are traded using Fair Trade:

A

coffee, sugar, tea, cotton, wine, bananas, and handicrafts

25
Q

What are the 10 principles of fair trade?

A

1)opportunities for disadvantaged products
2)transparency and accountability
3)fair trade practices
4)fair payments
5)neither forced nor child labour
6)no discrimination, gender equality, freedom of association
7)good working conditions
8)capacity building
9)promote fair trade
10)respect for the environment

26
Q

What is Aid?

A

Development Aid refers to help or support usually in the form of money in the achievement of something, it can also be given in the form of technical expertise or goods (eg:infrastructure)

27
Q

What is emergency aid?

A

Aid that is given after sudden disasters such as natural disasters, wars and pandemics.

28
Q

What is charitable aid?

A

This is funded by donations from the public through organisations such as OXFAM/

29
Q

What is conditional aid?

A

This is when one country donates money or resources to another with conditions attached, often in the donor’s favour.

30
Q

What is multilateral aid?

A

When the governments of many countries give aid to an international organisation such as the World Bank. These international organisations then give the aid to other countries.

31
Q

What is bilateral aid?

A

This aid is given from one country to another.

32
Q

What is Debt?

A

Debt is when a sum of money is owed to someone else.

33
Q

What are loans?

A

A sum of money that is borrowed.

34
Q

What is interest?

A

Money paid regularly at a particular rate for delaying the repayment of a debt.

35
Q

What is an asset?

A

An asset is a useful product that produces more money than is borrowed.

36
Q

What is a liability?

A

A liability is a product that uses more money to be produced than the amount generated after its production.

37
Q

What is good debt?

A

Funds assets that increase in value, generates income over the long term, increases your future earning power, is tax deductible.

38
Q

What is bad debt?

A

Buys items that lose value quickly, finances “wants” and not “needs”, creates monthly repayments that are unaffordable, credit or a loan from an unregulated institution, is not tax deductible

39
Q

What are the MDGs? (Millenium Development Goals)

A

A set of eight measurable goals that range from halving extreme poverty and hunger to promoting gender equality and reducing child mortality, which leaders of 189 countries committed to achieving by the target date of 2015.

40
Q

What are the SDGs? (Sustainable Development Goals)

A

They were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030. Several life-changing ‘zeros’.

41
Q

What is the difference between the MDGs and the SDGs?

A

The SDGs take environmental goals into consideration more than the MDGs.

42
Q

What is sustainable development?

A

Understanding how to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations to meet their own needs.

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