Geography term 2 study

Question 1

What are the four main types of biomes studied in geography?

Answer 1

Tropical rainforests, grasslands, hot deserts, and tundra.

Question 2

Name three characteristics of tropical rainforests.

Answer 2

High rainfall, hot temperatures, dense vegetation.

Question 3

What does HDI stand for, and what does it measure?

Answer 3

Human Development Index; it measures life expectancy, education, and income per person.

Question 4

What is the poverty cycle?

Answer 4

A set of factors that trap people in poverty, such as poor education, low income, and lack of healthcare.

Question 5

What hemisphere is Australia in?

Answer 5

Southern and Eastern Hemispheres.

Question 6

Name all 7 continents.

Answer 6

Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America.

Question 7

What are the 5 oceans of the world?

Answer 7

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic.

Question 8

How is climate shown on a climate graph?

Answer 8

Temperature (line graph) and rainfall (bar graph).

Question 9

What are two similarities in human wellbeing between Norway and Japan?

Answer 9

High life expectancy and high HDI scores.

Question 10

Name one difference in human wellbeing between Brazil and India.

Answer 10

Brazil has a higher GDP per capita than India.

Question 11

What is the purpose of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?

Answer 11

To reduce poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all by 2030.

Question 12

What is GDP and what does it tell us?

Answer 12

Gross Domestic Product; it tells us the total value of goods and services a country produces.

Question 13

Explain one way human activity affects biomes.

Answer 13

Deforestation in tropical rainforests reduces biodiversity and increases carbon emissions.

Question 14

What do the elements of a map include?

Answer 14

Title, legend/key, compass direction, scale, border, and source.

Question 15

What is a 4-figure grid reference?

Answer 15

A way to locate a specific area on a map using the numbers of vertical and horizontal lines (e.g., 3421).

Question 16

What tool would you use to measure elevation on a map?

Answer 16

Contour lines or spot height.

Question 17

What direction is halfway between north and northeast?

Answer 17

North-northeast (NNE).

Question 18

How do you calculate distance using a linear scale on a map?

Answer 18

Measure the map distance with a ruler and convert it using the scale provided.

Question 19

What is the main goal of Hillcroft’s development?

Answer 19

To improve local human wellbeing through better housing, transport, and services.

Question 20

What is one cause and one effect of poverty in Claymore?

Answer 20

Cause: lack of education. Effect: high unemployment.

Question 21

What is a biome?

Answer 21

A large naturally occurring community of plants and animals occupying a major habitat (e.g., forest, desert).

Question 22

Which biome has permafrost and very low biodiversity?

Answer 22

Tundra.

Question 23

Name two types of maps and what they show.

Answer 23

Topographic maps (elevation and landforms), political maps (country and state boundaries).

Question 24

What is latitude and how is it measured?

Answer 24

The distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees (°).

Question 25

What is longitude and how is it measured?

Answer 25

The distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, measured in degrees (°).

Question 26

What is the equator?

Answer 26

A line of latitude at 0° that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Question 27

What is the Prime Meridian?

Answer 27

A line of longitude at 0° that divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

Question 28

What are the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn?

Answer 28

Important lines of latitude located at 23.5° north and 23.5° south, marking the limits of the tropics.

Question 29

What is spatial distribution?

Answer 29

The arrangement of things across the Earth's surface (e.g., where different biomes are located).

Question 30

What factors influence the location of biomes?

Answer 30

Climate, latitude, altitude, and proximity to oceans.

Question 31

What is one way to improve human wellbeing in low-income countries?

Answer 31

Investing in education, healthcare, or access to clean water.

Question 32

How is life expectancy calculated?

Answer 32

It is the average number of years a person is expected to live based on current conditions.

Question 33

What is a climate graph used for?

Answer 33

To show the average monthly temperature and rainfall of a location over a year.

Question 34

What does 'sustainable' mean in relation to biomes?

Answer 34

Using natural resources in a way that meets current needs without harming future generations.

Question 35

Give one example of an unsustainable practice in biomes.

Answer 35

Overgrazing in grasslands, leading to soil erosion and desertification.

Question 36

What are the 16 cardinal and intercardinal points of a compass?

Answer 36

N, NNE, NE, ENE, E, ESE, SE, SSE, S, SSW, SW, WSW, W, WNW, NW, NNW.

Question 37

What does a high HDI score mean?

Answer 37

A country has a high standard of living, long life expectancy, and high levels of education.

Question 38

Describe one environmental effect of low human wellbeing.

Answer 38

Poor waste management leading to pollution and health problems.

Question 39

What is one way geography helps improve wellbeing?

Answer 39

By identifying areas in need and planning development (e.g., clean water, schools, hospitals).

Question 40

Explain the term 'biophysical environment'.

Answer 40

Natural features of the Earth including landforms, climate, water, soils, and vegetation.

Question 41

What is a choropleth map?

Answer 41

A map that uses shades of color to show data, like population density or HDI.

Question 42

What is meant by 'analysing differences in human wellbeing'?

Answer 42

Looking at how and why living standards vary between people or countries.