Geotechnical Flashcards by BREGETTE Riogelon

Ratio between volume of water and the volume of voids

Degree of saturation

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The ratio between the volume of voids and the volume of soil mass

Porosity

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The ratio between the weight of water and the weight of solid particles

Moisture content

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The shear strength of the soil is________

Increases with increase in normal stress

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What is the ratio of weight of water to the weight of solid particles

Water content

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In AASHTO soil is greater than 75 mm is classified as

Cobbles

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The intensity of vertical stress at a depth due to point load acting on the surface of a semi infinite elastic soil mass is

Directly proportional to the square of the depth

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When the metacenter of a floating body is lower than center of gravity then the body will be in ________

Unstable equilibrium

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The metacentric height is the distance between the___________

Center of the gravity of the floating body and the metacenter

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Specific weight of liquid_________

Does not vary on any other planet

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In civil engineering soil is__________

Unsemented aggregate

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This first type of soil structure is an arrangement comprising particles having

A. Face to face or parallel orientation
B. Edge to edge orientation
C. Edge to face orientation
D. All of the above

A. Face to face or parallel orientation

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The soil moisture driven off by heat is called

Hydroscopic water

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Residual soils are formed by
A. Glaciers
B. Wind
C. Water
D. None of the above

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“Talus” is the soil transported by
A. Wind
B. Water
C. Glacier
D. Gravitational force

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“Drift” is the material pick up, mixed, disintegrated, transported, and redeposited by

Glaciated water

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“Loess” is silty clay formed by the action of

Wind

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Pick up the correct statement from the following:
A. The rise of the ground surface due to frost action is called frost heave
B. The freezing of water is accompanied by a volume increase of 9%
C. Willow freezing point higher soil suction develops
D. All of the above

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Transporting and redepositing soil is done by
A. Water
B. Glacier
C. Gravity
D. All of the above

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Chemical weathering of soil is caused due to

A. Oxidation
B. Carbonation
C. Hydration
D. All of the above

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Which of the following types of soil is transported by gravitational forces
A. Loess
B. Talus
C. Drift
D. Dune sand

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Pick up the correct statement from the following:
A. Soil is the substance existing on the earth’s surface which grows and develops plant
B. Soil is the material in a relatively thin surface zone within which roots occur and rest of the crust is termed as rock irrespective of
hardness
C. Soil is the unaggregated and unsemented deposits of minerals and organic particles covering the earth’s crust
D. All of the above

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Geologic cycle for the formation of soil is

Weathering > Transportation > Deposition > Upheaval

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The inventor of the term soil mechanic was
A. Cairo polycarpio
B. Dr. Carl Terzaghi
C. Leygue
D. Fellenius

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Water formed transported soil is A. Alluvial B. Marine C. Lacustrine D. Loess

The ratio of **volume of air voids** to the **volume of total voids** is known as A. Air content B. Percentage of voids C. Percentage of air voids D. Porosity

Air content

When the sea page pressure becomes equal to the pressure due to the submerged weight of the soil the effective pressure is reduced to zero and soil particles have a tendency to move up in the direction of flow this phenomenon is generally known A. Quick condition B. Boiling condition C. Quicksand D.All of the above

Buoyant unit weight equals the saturated density A. Multiplied by unit weight of water B. Divided by by unit weight of water C. Plus unit weight of water D. Minus unit weight of water

You are given a sample of soil containing coarse grain to determine its water content you will use A. Pycnometer B. Oven drying method C. Calcium carbide method D. Alcohol method

The ratio of the weight of water to the weight of solids in a given mass of soil is known A. Porosity B. Specific gravity C. Void ratio D. Water content

Select the correct statement: A. Unit weight of dry soil is greater than unit weight of wet soil B. For dry soils dry unit weight is less than total unit weight C. Unit weight of soil increases due to submergence in water D. Unit weight of soil decreases due to submergence in water

D. Unit weight of soil decreases due to submergence in water

If "G" is specific gravity of sand particles, "e" is void, the critical hydraulic gradient is A. Ic= (G+1)/(1-e) B. Ic= (G-1)/(1-e) C. Ic= (G-1)/(1+e) D. Ic= (G+1)/(1+e)

Ic= (G-1)/(1+e)

The fundamental relationship between dry density (yd), bulk density (y) and water content (w) is A. y= yd/(1+w) B. yd= y/(1+w) C. w= y/(1+yd) D. w= y/(1-yd)

Pick up the correct statement from the following: A. The void ratio in soils is defined as the ratio of the volume of voice to the volume of solids B. The bulk density of a soil is defined as a unit weight of the soil C. The dry density of a soil is defined as weight of solid to the total volume of soil D. All of the above

All of the above

The weight of a container is w1 and the weight of the container with soil sample is w2.If the weight of the container and oven dried soil sample is w3 the moisture content of the soil is A. (W2-W3)/ (W3-W1) x 100 B. (W3-W2)/ (W1-W2) x 100 C. (W1-W2)/ (W2-W3) x100 D. (W2-W1)/ (W1-W3) x 100

Water content of soil can A. Never be greater than 100% B. Take values only from 0% to 100% C. Be less than 0% D. Be greater than 100%

If the water content of a fully saturated soil mass is 100% then the voids ratio of the sample is A. Less than specific gravity of soil B. Equal to specific gravity of soil C. Greater than specific gravity of soil D. Independent of specific gravity of soil

If the voids of a soil mass are full of air only the soil is termed as A. Air entrained soil B. Partially saturated soil C. Dry soil D. Dehydrated soil

Which of the following methods is most accurate for the determination of the water content of soil A. Oven drying method B. Sand bath method C. Calcium carbide method D. Pycnometer method

Pick up the correct statement from the following A. The void space between the soil grains is filled partly with air and partly with water B. In perfectly saturated soil the voids are completely filled with water C. In dry soil the voids are completely filled with air D. All of the above

Specific gravity of sand

2.6

Pick up the correct statement from the following A. The dry density reduces by addition of water after attaining optimum moisture content B. The line joining the peak of three moisture content drops obtained by using three compactive energies is called line of optimus C. Well graded course grained soils can be compacted to a very high density as compared to fine grained soils D. All of the above

Which of the following statements is correct A. Uniformity coefficient represents the shape of the particle size distribution curve B. For a well graded soil both uniformity coefficient and coefficient of curvature are nearly unity C. A soil is said to be well graded if it has most of the particles of about the same size D. None of the above

Hydrometer readings are corrected for A. Temperature B. Meniscus correction C. Dispersing agent correction D. Temperature meniscus and dispersing agent corrections

The ratio of the difference between the void ratio of the soil in its loses state and its natural void ratio to the difference between the void ratios is the loosest and fully dense state is generally termed as A. Degree of density B. Relativity C. Density index D. All of the above

With the increases in the amount of compaction energy A. Optimum water content increases but maximum the red density decreases B. Both optimum water content and maximum dry density increases C. Optimum water content decreases but maximum dry density increases D., both optimum water content and maximum dry density decreases

Pick up the correct statement from the following A. a maximum value of dry density is obtained at optimum water content B. At low value of water content most soils tends to be stiff C. At high water content the dry density decreases with an increases of water content D. All of the above

The density of soil can be increased A. Mary juicing the space occupied B. The elastic compression of soil greens C. By expelling water from pores D. All of the above

Activity= Ac<0.7 what classification is this? A. Inactive Clay B. Normal Clay C. Active Clay D. None of the Above

Activity : 0.7< Ac < 1.2 A. Inactive Clay B. Normal Clay C. Active Clay D. None of the Above

Activity: Ac> 12 A. Inactive Clay B. Normal Clay C. Active Clay D. None of the Above

LI <0 A. Semi Soild State B. Plastic State C. Liquid State D. None of the above

LI >1 A. Semi Soild State B. Plastic State C. Liquid State D. None of the above

Plastic Index = 0 A.non-plastic B. Slightly plastic C. Low plasticity D. Medium plasticity

Plastic index equals to 1-5 A.non-plastic B. Slightly plastic C. Low plasticity D. Medium plasticity

Plastic index = 5- 10 A.non-plastic B. Slightly plastic C. Low plasticity D. Medium plasticity

Classic index = 10 to 20 A.non-plastic B. Slightly plastic C. Low plasticity D. Medium plasticity

Plastic index equals to 20 to 40 A. Medium plasticity B. High plasticity C. Very high plasticity D. Non-plastic

>40 A. Medium plasticity B. High plasticity C. Very high plasticity D. Non-plastic

The water content corresponding to a con penetration of ________defines the liquid limit

20mm

Offer more accurate method of determining both the liquid limit and the plastic limit

Fall cone test

Which of the following statement is correct? A. Uniformity coefficient represents the shape of the particle size distribution curve B. For a well graded soil both uniformity coefficient and coefficient of curvature are nearly unity C. A soil is said to be well graded if it has most of the particles of about the same size D. None of the above

The hydrometer readings are corrected for: A. Temperature correction B. Meniscus correction C. Dispersing agent correction D. Temperature, meniscus and dispersing agent correction

The ratio of the difference between the void ratio of the soil in its loses state and its natural void ratio to the difference between the void ratios in the loses and fully dense state is generally termed as A. Degree of density B. Relativity C. Density index D. All Of the above

With the INCREASE in the amount of COMPACTION ENERGY A. Optimum water content increases but maximum dry density decreases B. Optimum water content decreases but maximum dry density increases C. Both optimum water content and maximum dry density increases D. Both optimum water content and maximum dry density decreases

Pick up the correct statement from the following A. A maximum value of dry density is obtained at optimum water content B. At low value of water content most soils tend to be stiff C. At high water content the dry density decreases with an increase of water content D. All of the above

The density of the soil can be increased A. By reducing the space occupied by air B. By elastic compression of soil grains C. By expelling water from pores D. All of the above

Compression of soil occurs rapidly if voids are filled with A. Water B. Air C. Partly with air and partly with water D. None of these

Select the correct statement A. A uniform soil has more strength and stability than a non-uniform soil B. A uniform soil has less strength and stability than a non uniform soil C. Uniformity coefficient does not affect strength and stability D. Uniformity coefficient of a poorly graded soil is more than that a well graded soil

For BETTER STRENGTH and STABILITY the fine grained soils and coarse grained soils are compacted respectively as A. Dry of OMC and wet of OMC B. WET of OMC and dry of OMC C. wet of OMC and wet of OMC D. Dry of OMC and dryof OMC

Which of the following is a measure of PARTICLES SIZE RANGE A. Effective size B. Uniformity coefficient C. Coefficient of curvature D. None of these

Select the correct range of density index, ID A. ID> 0 B. ID <0 C. 0< ID < 1 D. 0

The ratio of e- maximum and e- minimum of silty sand is A. 2.0 B. 2.5 C. 3.0 D. 3.5

Maximum dry density up to which any soil can be compacted depends upon A. Moisture content only B. Amount of compaction energy only C. Both moisture content and amount of compaction energy D. None of these

Pick up the incorrect statement from the following A. Compaction has no effect on the structures of the soil B. Permeability decreases with increase in the dry density of a compacted soil C. A wet side compacted soil is more compressible than a dry side compacted soil D. Dry side compaction soils swell more when given access to moisture

The COEFFICIENT OF CURVATURE for a well graded soil must be between A. 0.5 to 1 B. 1.0 to 3.0 C. 3.0 to 4.0 D. 4.0 to 5.0

The COEFFICIENT OF CURVATURE is defined A. D60/D10 B. D10/D60 C. D30^2/D60D10 D. D10^2/D30D50

Pick up the correct statement from the following A. Omc refers to the moisture the corresponding to the maximum point on the moisture content dry density curve B. The line which shows moisture content dry density relation for soil containing a constant percentage of air voids and is known as air void line C. The free fall of hammer for compaction is 30.5 D. All of the above

If the sand IN-SITU IS IN ITS DENSEST STATE then the relative density of sand is A. 0 B.1 C. Between 0 and 1 D. Greater than 1

Factor which affects the compaction is A. Moisture content B. Compacting content C. Method Of compaction D. All of the above

The **effective size of particles of soil** is donated by

D10

Uniformity coefficient of a soil is A. Always less than one B. Always equal to one C. Equal to or less than one D. Equal to or greater than one

RELATIVE DENSITY of a COMPACTED DENSE SAND is approximately equal to A. 0.4 B. 0.6 C. 0.95 D. 1.20

Coarse grain soils are best compacted by a A. Drum roller B. Rubber tired roller C. Sheeps foot roller D. Vibratory roller

If the material of the base of the casa grande liquid limit device on which the cap containing soil paste drop is softer than the standard hard rubber, then A. The liquid limit of soil always increases B. The liquid limit of soil always decreases C. The liquid limit of soil may increase D. The liquid limit of soil may decrease

The water content in a soil sample when IT CONTINUES TO LOSE WEIGHT WITHOUT LOSING THE VOLUME it's called A. Shrinkage limit B. Plastic limit C. Liquid limit D. Semi solid limit

Pick up the incorrect definition from the following A. Ratio of the compressive strength of an confined undisturbed soil to that of remolded soil is known as the sensitivity of the soil sample B. The rotation of soil particles into a stable state while removing is known as the thiostropy soil C. The water content at which a soil flows is known plastic limit of the soil D. None of the above

Pick up the correct statement from the following A. The range of water content between the liquid limit and plastic limit is called plasticity index B. The ratio of the liquid limit minus the natural water content to the plasticity index of soil is called consistency index C. The ratio of natural water content minus its plastic limit to its plasticity index is called liquidity index D. All of the above

The range of water content between the liquid limit and classic limit A. Plastic limit B. Plasticity index C. Consistency index D. Liquidity index

The ratio of liquid limit minus the natural water content to the plasticity index of soil A. Plastic limit B. Plasticity index C. Consistency index D. Liquidity index

The ratio of natural water content minus its plastic limit to its plasticity index A. Plastic limit B. Plasticity index C. Consistency index D. Liquidity index

If the natural water content of soil mass lies between its liquid limit and plastic limit the soil mass is said to be in A. Liquid state B. plastic state C. Semi solid state D. Solid state

Compression of soil occurs rapidly if voids are filled with A. Air B.Water C. Partly with air and partly with water D. None of the above

Select the correct statement A. A uniform soil has more strength and stability than a non-uniform soil B. A uniform soil has less strength and stability than a non-uniform soil C. Uniformity coefficient does not affect strength and stability D. Uniformity coefficient of a poorly graded soil is more than that of a well graded soil

For BETTER STRENGTH AND STABILITY, the fine grain soils and coarse grained soils are compacted respectively as A. dry of omc and wet of omc B. Wet of omc and dry of omc C. Wet of omc and wet of omc D. Dry of omc and dry of om c

If the material of the base of the casa grande liquid limit device on which the cup containing soil paste drops in softer than the standard hard rubber then A. The liquid limit of soil always increases B. The liquid limit of soil always decreases C. The liquid limit of soil may increase D. The liquid limit of soil may decrease

The water content in a soil sample with it continues to lose weight without losing the volume is called A.Shrinkage limit B. Plastic limit C. Liquid limit D. Semi solid limit

The plasticity of fine soils may be assessed by means of A. Dry strength test B. Toughness test C. Delatancy test D. All of the above

Pick up the following statement from the following A. In soils the flow index indicates variation in shear strength with water content B. Liquid limit minus plastic limit is known as plasticity index of the soil C. Plastic limit minus shrinkage limit is known as shrinkage index of the soil D. All of the above

The water content of soil which represents the **boundary between the plastic state and liquid state** is known as A. Liquid limit B. Plastic limit C. Shrinkage limit D. Plasticity index

The property of a soil which **allows it to be deformed rapidly** with the structure elastic ribbon and also a volume change is known as A. Porosity B. Plasticity C. Permeability D. Ductility

The water content of soil which represents the boundary between the plastic state and liquid state is known as A. Liquid limit B. Plastic limit C. Shrinkage limit D. Plasticity index

The consistency index of a soil is defined as the ratio of A. Liquid limit plus the natural water content to the plasticity index of the soil B. Liquid limit minus the natural water content to the plasticity index of the soil C. Natural water content of a soil minus plastic limit to the plasticity index of the soil D. Natural water content of a soil plus its plastic limit to the plasticity index of the soil

Plasticity index is defined as the range of water content between A. Liquid and plastic limit B. Plastic limit and semi solid limit C. Semi solid limit and liquid limit D. Liquid limit and solid limit

The mixture of coarser particles like sand or silt to clay causes A.n decrease in liquid limit and increase in plasticity index B. Decrease in liquid limit and no change in plasticity index C. Decrease in both liquid limit and plasticity index D. Increase in both liquid limit and plasticity index

When the plastic limit of a soil is greater than the liquid limit then the plasticity index is reported as A. Negative B. 0 C. Non-plastic D. One

Inorganic soils with low compressibility represented by A. MH B. SL C. ML D. CH

The liquid limit and plastic limit exist in A. Sandy soil B. Silty soil C. Gravel soils D. Clay soils

The minimum water content at which the soil just begins to crumble when rolled into threads 3 mm in diameter is known A. Liquid limit B. Plastic limit C. Shrinkage limit D. Permeability limit

The liquidity index is defined as a ratio express as percentage of A. Plastic limit minus the natural water content to its plasticity index B. Natural water content minus its plastic limit to its plasticity index C. National water content plus its plastic limit to its plasticity index D. Liquid limit minus the natural water content to the plasticity index

The minimum water content at which the soil retrains its liquid state and also possesses a small shearing strength against flowing is known A. Liquid limit B. Plastic limit C. Shrinkage limit D. Permeability limit

The plasticity index is the numerical difference between A. Liquid limit and plastic limit B. Plastic limit and shrinkage limit C. Liquid limit and shrinkage limit D. None of the above

A decrease in water content results in a reduction of the volume of a soil in A. Liquid state B. Plastic state C. Semi solid state D. All of the above

Toughness index is defined as the ratio of A. Plasticity index to consistency index B. Plasticity index to flow index C. Liquidity index to flow index D. Consistency index to liquidity index

The maximum water content at which a reduction in water content does not cause a decrease in volume of a soil mass is known A. Liquid limit B. Plastic limit C. Shrinkage limit D. Permeability limit

If the plasticity index of a soil mass is zero the soil is A. Sand B. Silt C. Clay D. Clayey Silt

According to the athenberg the soil is said to be of medium plasticity if the plasticity index is A. 027

Which of the following soils has more plasticity index A. Sand B. Silt C. Clay D. Gravel

For general engineering purposes soils are classified by A. Particle size classification system B. Textural classification system C. AASHTO D. Unified soil classification system

The average coefficient of permeability of natural deposits A. Parallel to stratification is always greater than that perpendicular to stratification B. Parallel to stratification is always less than that perpendicular to stratification C. Is always same in both direction D. Parallel to stratification may or may not be greater than the perpendicular to stratification

Soils containing organic matter A. Swell with decrease of moisture B. Are of spongy's nature C. shrink with increase of moisture content D. None of these

Physical properties of a permeant which influence permeability are A. Viscosity only B. Unit weight only C. Both viscosity and unit weight D. None of the above

Soil classification of composite soils exclusively based on the particle size distribution is known A. Particle classification B. Textural classification C. AASHTO classification D. Unified soil classification

Coefficient of permeability of soil A. Does not depend upon temperature B. Increase with the increase in temperature C. Increase with the decrease in temperature D. None of the above

Maximum size of clay particles A. 0.002 B. 0.004 C. 0.06 D. 0.08

During sea page through a soil direction of sea page is always A. Parallel to equipotential lines B. Perpendicular to streamlines C. Perpendicular to equipotential lines D. None of these

Pick up the correct statement from the following A. The subject of classifying soil is to arrange them into groups according to their properties and behaviors B. A soil classification system is meant to provide an accepted and systematic method of describing the various type of soils eliminating personal factors C. The first category of soil classification is based on grain size of the soil D. All of the above

The sea page force in a soil is A. Perpendicular to the equipotential lines B. Proportional to the exit gradient C. Proportional to the head loss D. All of the above

Stroke law is valid only if the size of particle is A. Less than 0.002 mm B. Greater than 0.2 mm C. Between 0.2 mm and 0.0002 mm D. All of the above

The soil which contains finest grain particles is A. Corse sand B. Fine sand C. Silt D. Clay

Pick up the correct statement from the following A. The permeability of the coarse grained soils may be reduced by grouting B. The process of injecting fluids into the four space of the soil is called grouting C. The grouting increases the soil strength D. All of the above

AASHTO classification of soils is A. Particle size composition B. Plasticity characteristics C. Both particle size composition and plasticity characteristics D. None of the above

Select the correct statement A. The greater the viscosity the greater the permeability B. The greater the unit weight the greater the permeability C. The greater the unit weight the smaller the permeability D. Unit weight does not affect permeability

The quantity of seepage of water through soils is proportional to A. Coefficient of permeability of soil B. Total head loss through the soil C. Neither a and b D. Both a and b

Which of the following methods is best suited for determination of **permeability of coarse grained soil** A. Constant head method B. Falling head method C. Both the above D. None of the above

The critical exist gradient of sea page water in soils increases with A. An increase in specific gravity B. A decrease in specific gravity C. A decrease in void ratio D. Both a and c

There is **no impervious boundary** at the bottom of a hydraulic structure stream lines tend to follow A. A straight line B. Parabola C. A semi ellipse D. Semicircle

Flow net is used for determination of A. Quantity of sea page B. Hydrostatic pressure C. Seepage pressure D. All of the above

A stokes law states that the velocity at which green settles out of suspension the other factors remaining constant is dependent upon A. Shape of grain B. Weight of grain C. Size of grain D. Shape, size and weight of grain

The phreatic line in an earth dam may be A. Circular B. Elliptical C. Parabolic D. A straight line

Stokes law **does not hold good** if the size of the partcle is smaller than A. 0.0002 B. 0.002 C. 0.02 D. 0.2

In flow net A. A flow lines and equipotential lines cross each other at right angles B. Fields are rectangles whose length is twice the bredth C. Smaller the dimensions of the field smaller will be the hydraulic gradient and velocity of flow through it D. For homogeneous soil the curves are smooth and circular

Quicksand is a A. Type of a sand B. Flow condition occurring in cohesive soils C. Flow condition occurring in cohesionless soil D. Flow condition occurring in both cohesive and cohesionless soil

Which of the following methods is more suitable for the determination of permeability of clay soil A. Constant head method B. Falling head method C. Horizontal permeability test D.none of these

For general engineering purposes, **soils** are classified by A. Particle size classification system B. Textural classification system C. AASHTO D. Unified soil classification system

**Unified soil classification system**

Soils containing **organic** matters A. Are of spongy nature B. Swell with decrease of moisture C. Shrink with increase of moisture content D. None of these

**Are of spongy nature**

Soil classification of **composite soils**, exclusively based on the **particle size distribution**, is known A. Particle classification B. Textural classification C. AASHTO classification D. Unified soil classification

**Textural classification**

**Maximum** size of **clay** particle is A. 0.002 mm B. 0.04 mm C. 0.06 mm D. 0.08 mm

**0.002 mm**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following A. The object of classifying soils is to arrange them into groups according to their properties and behaviour B. A soil classification system is meant to provide an accepted and systematic method of describing the various types of soils eliminating personal factors C. The first category of soil classification is based on grain size of the soil D. All of the above

**All of the above**

The soil which contains **finest** grain particles, is A. Coarse sand B. Fine sand C. Silt D. Clay

**Clay**

**Minimum** size of the particles of **silt** soil, is A. 0.002 mm B. 0.04 mm C. 0.06 mm D. 0.08 mm

**0.002 mm**

**AASHTO** classification of soils is based on A. Particle size composition B. Plasticity characteristics C. Both particle size composition and plasticity characteristics D. None of the above

**Both particle size composition and plasticity characteristics**

The **average coefficient** of permeability of natural deposits A. Parallel to stratification is always greater than that perpendicular to stratification B. Parallel to stratification is always less than that perpendicular to stratification C. Is always same in both directions D. Parallel to stratification may or may not be greater than that perpendicular to stratification

**Parallel to stratification is always greater than that perpendicular to stratification**

**Physical** properties of a **permeant** which influence permeability are A. Viscosity only B. Unit weight only C. Both viscosity and unit weight D. None of the above

**Both viscosity and unit weight**

**Coefficient** of **permeability** of **soil** A. Does not depend upon temperature B. Increases with the increase in temperature C. Increases with the decrease in temperature D. None of the above

**Increases with the increase in temperature**

During **seepage** through a **soil**, **direction** of seepage is always A. Parallel to equipotential lines B. Perpendicular to stream lines C. Perpendicular to equipotential lines D. None of these

**Perpendicular to equipotential lines**

The **seepage force** in a **soil**, is A. Perpendicular to the equipotential line B. Proportional to the exit gradient C. Proportional to the head loss D. All of the above

**All of the above**

**Stoke's law** is valid only if the size of particle is A. Less than 0.0002 mm B. Greater than 0.2 mm C. Between 0.2 mm and 0.0002 mm D. All of the above

**Between 0.2 mm and 0.0002 mm**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. The permeability of the coarse-grained soils may be reduced by grouting B. The process of injecting fluids (i.e. grouts) into the pores space of the soil is called grouting C. The grouting increases the soil strength D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Select the **correct** statement A. The greater the viscosity, the greater is permeability B. The greater the unit weight, the greater is permeability C. The greater the unit weight, the smaller is permeability D. Unit weight does not affect permeability

**The greater the unit weight, the greater is permeability**

The **quantity** of **seepage** of **water** through **soils** is **proportional** to A. Coefficient of permeability of soil B. Total head loss through the soil C. Neither A nor B D. Both A and B

**Both A and B**

The **critical exist gradient** of **seepage water** in **soils**, **increases** with A. An increase in specific gravity B. A decrease in specific gravity C. A decrease in void ratio D. Both A and C

**Both A and C**

**Stoke's law** states that the **velocity** at which a grain **settles out** of suspension, the other factors remaining **constant**, is **dependent** upon A. Shape of grain B. Weight of grain C. Size of grain D. Shape, size and weight of grain

**Shape, size and weight of grain**

The **phreatic line** in an **earth dam** may be A. Circular B. Elliptical C. Parabolic D. A straight line

**Parabolic**

In a **flow net** A. Flow lines and equipotential lines cross each other at right angles B. Fields are rectangles whose length is twice the breadth C. Smaller the dimensions of the field, smaller will be the hydraulic gradient and velocity of flow through it D. For homogenous soil, the curves are smooth and circular

**Flow lines and equipotential line cross each other at right angles**

Which of the following methods is **more suitable** for the determination of **permeability** of **clayey** soil? A. Constant head method B. Falling head method C. Horizontal permeability test D. None of the above

**Falling head method**

A **critical hydraulic gradient** may occur when A. Flow is in upward direction B. Seepage pressure is in upward direction C. Effective pressure is zero D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Which of the following methods is **best** suited for determination of permeability of **coarse-grained** soils? A. Constant head method B. Falling head method C. Both of the above D. None of the above

**Constant head method**

If there is **no** impervious boundary at the **bottom** of a hydraulic structure, **stream lines** tend to follow: A. A straight line B. A parabola C. A semi-ellipse D. A semi-circle

**A semi-ellipse**

**Flow net** is used for the determination of A. Quantity of seepage B. Hydrostatic pressure C. Seepage pressure D. All of the above

**All of the above**

**Stoke's law** does not hold good if the size of particle is **smaller** than A. 0.0002 mm B. 0.002 mm C. 0.02 mm D. 0.2 mm

**0.0002 mm**

**Quick sand** is a A. Type of sand B. Flow condition occurring in cohesive soils C. Flow condition occurring in cohesionless soils D. Flow condition occurring in both cohesive and cohesionless soils

**Flow condition occurring in cohesionless soils**

The **total** discharge from two wells situated **near** to each other is A. Sum of the discharges from individual wells B. Less than the sum of the discharges from individual wells C. Greater than the sum of the discharges from individual wells D. Equal to larger of the two discharges from individual wells

**Less than the sum of the discharges from individual wells**

The property of a soil which permits **water** to **percolate** through it, is called A. Moisture content B. Permeability C. Capillarity D. None of these

**Permeability**

The **critical exist gradient** of **seepage water** in **soils**, is A. Directly proportional to the voids ratio B. Inversely proportional to the specific gravity C. Directly proportional to the specific gravity D. None of these

**Directly proportional to the specific gravity**

**Darcy's law** is applicable to seepage if a soil is A. Homogenous B. Isotropic C. Incompressible D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. The phenomenon of quicksand generally occurs in the cohesionless soil B. At critical hydraulic gradient, the saturated sand becomes quick C. The critical gradient depends on the void ratio and the specific gravity D. All of the above

**All of the above**

**Rise** of **water table** above the ground surface causes A. Equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress B. Equal decrease in pore water pressure and total stress C. Increase in pore water pressure but decrease in total stress D. Decrease in pore water pressure but increase in total stress

**Equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress**

**Effective** stress on soil A. Increases voids ratio and decreases permeability B. Increases both voids ratio and permeability C. Decreases both voids ratio and permeability D. Decreases voids ratio and increases permeability

**Decreases both voids ratio and permeability**

The **neutral** stress in a soil mass is A. Force per neutral area B. Force per effective area C. Stress taken up by the pore water D. Stress taken up by solid particles

**Stress taken up by the pore water**

A **flow net** may be utilized for the determination of A. Exit gradient B. Seepage C. Hydrostatic pressure D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. When stress decreases, void, ratio decreases B. When stress decreases, coefficient of permeability decreases C. When stress decreases, coefficient of volume change decreases D. When stress decreases void ratio, coefficient of permeability and volume change decrease

**When stress decreases, void ratio, coefficient of permeability, and volume change decrease**

**Effective stress** is A. The stress at particles contact B. A physical parameter that can be measured C. Important because it is a function of engineering properties of soil D. All of the above

**Important because it is a function of engineering properties of soil**

The **pressure** the **builds up** in pore water due to **load increment** on the soil, is termed A. Excess pore pressure B. Excess hydrostatic pressure C. Hydrodynamic pressure D. All of the above

**All of the above**

A **phreatic line** is defined as the line **within the dam section below** which there are A. Positive equipotential lines B. Positive hydrostatic pressure C. Negative hydrostatic pressure D. Negative equipotential lines

**Positive hydrostatic pressure**

The **ultimate** consolidation settlement of a soil is A. Directly proportional to the voids ratio B. Directly proportional to the compression index C. Inversely proportional to the compression index D. None of the above

**Directly proportional to the compression index**

The **capillary rise** of **water** A. Depends upon the force responsible B. Increases as the size of the soil particle increases C. Decreases as the size of the soil particle decreases D. Is less in wet soil than in dry soil

**Depends upon the force responsible**

The **Westgard** analysis is used for A. Sandy soils B. Cohesive soils C. Stratified soils D. Clayey soils

**Stratified soils**

The **ultimate** consolidation settlement of a structure resting on a soil A. Decreases with the increase in the initial voids ratio B. Decreases with the decrease in the plastic limit C. Increases with the increase in the initial voids ratio D. Increases with the decrease in the porosity of the soil

**Decreases with the increase in the initial voids ratio**

The **coefficient of compressibility** of soil, is the ratio of A. Stress to strain B. Strain to stress C. Stress to settlement D. Rate of loading to that of settlement

**Strain to stress**

A **clay** subjected to **pressure** in excess to its present **over-burden**, is said to be A. Pre-compressed B. Pre-consolidated C. Over-consolidated D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Which one of the following clays behaves like a **dense sand**? A. Over-consolidated clay with a high over-consolidation ratio B. Over-consolidated clay with a low over-consolidation ratio C. Normally consolidated clay D. Under-consolidated clay

**Over-consolidated clay with a high over-consolidation ratio**

The **compression index** of a soil A. Decreases with an increase in the liquid limit B. Increases with an increase in the liquid limit C. Decreases with an increase in the plastic limit D. Is not related with plastic limit

**Increases with an increase in the liquid limit**

**Sensitivity** of a soil can be defined as A. Percentage of volume change of soil under saturated condition B. Ratio of compressive strength of unconfined undistributed soil to that of soil in a remoulded state C. Ratio of volume of voids to volume of solids D. None of the above

**Ratio of compressive strength of unconfined undistributed soil to that of soil in a remoulded state**

The **reduction** in volume of soil due to **squeezing out** of water from the voids, is termed A. Primary consolidation B. Primary compression C. Primary time effect D. All of the above

**All of the above**

A soil **not** fully consolidated under the existing **over-burden pressure**, is called A. Pre-consolidated B. Normally consolidated C. Over-consolidated D. None of these

**Over-consolidated**

If a soil undergoes a **change** in **shape** and **volume** by application of **external** loads over it, but **recovers** its shape and volume **immediately** after removal of the load, the property of the soil is said to be A. Resilience of soils B. Elasticity of soils C. Compressibility of soils D. None of these

**Elasticity of soils**

**Coefficient of compressibility** is A. Constant for any type of soil B. Different for different types of soils and also different for a soil under different states of consolidation C. Different for different types of soils but same for a soil under different states of consolidation D. Independent type of soil but depends on the stress history of soil

**Different for different types of soils and also different for a soil under different states of consolidation**

Select the **correct** statement A. Coefficient of compressibility of an over-consolidated clay is less than that of a normally consolidated clay B. Coefficient of compressibility of an over-consolidated clay is greater than that of a normally consolidated clay C. Coefficient of compressibility is constant for any clay D. None of the above

**Coefficient of compressibility of an over-consolidated clay is less than that of a normally consolidated clay**

**Over-consolidation** of soils is caused due to A. Erosion of over burden B. Melting of ice sheets after glaciations C. Permanent rise of water table D. All of the above

**All of the above**

The **compressibility** of **clays** is caused due to: A. Expulsion of double layer water from in between the grains B. Slipping of particles to new positions of greater density C. Bending of particles as elastic sheets D. All of the above

**All of the above**

**Compressibility** of **sandy soils** is A. Almost equal to that of clayey soils B. Much greater than that of clayey soils C. Much less than that of clayey soils D. None of the above

**Much less than that of clayey soils**

The **maximum** value of effective stress in the past divided by the present value is defined as **over consolidation ratio (OCR)**. The O.C.R. of an **over consolidated clay** is A. Less than 1 B. 1 C. More than 1 D. None of these

**More than 1**

The **ultimate Settlement** of a **soil** is directly proportional to: A. Depth of the compressible soil strata B. Compressive index C. Void ratio D. Both A and B

**Both A and B**

**Terzaghi's** theory of **one dimentional consolidation** assumes: A. Soil is homogenous and fully saturated B. Water and soil particles are incompressible C. Deformation of the soil, is entirely due to change in volume D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. Coefficient of compressibility is the decrease in void ratio per unit increase of pressure B. The percent settlement at any time is called degree of consolidation C. Time factor is a dimensionless quantity D. All of the above

**All of the above**

**Direct** measurement of **permeability** of the specimen at **any stage** of loading can be made A. Only in fixed ring type consolidometer B. Only in floating ring type consolidometer C. Both A and B D. None of the above

**Only in fixed ring type consolidometer**

**Skempton's** pore pressure coefficient B for saturated soil is A . 1 B. Zero C. Between 0 and 1 D. Greater than 1

**1**

Degree of **consolidation** is A. Directly proportional to time and inversely proportional to drainage path B. Directly proportional to time and inversely proportional to square of drainage path C. Directly proportional to drainage path and inversely proportional to time D. Directly proportional to square of drainage path and inversely proportional to time

**Directly proportional to time and inversely proportional to square of drainage path**

**Terzaghi's theory** of **one dimensional consolidation** assumes A. Load is applied in one direction B. Coefficient of permeability is constant C. Excess pore water drains out only in the vertical direction D. All of the above

**All of the above**

The **consolidation time** for soils A. Increases with increasing compressibility B. Decreases with increasing permeability C. Increases rapidly with increasing size of soil mass D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Within the consolidation process of a **saturated clay** A. A gradual increase in neutral pressure and a gradual decrease in effective pressure take place and sum of the two is constant B. A gradual decrease in neutral pressure and a gradual increase in effective pressure take place and sum of the two is constant C. Both neutral pressure and effective pressure decrease D. Both neutral pressure and effective pressure increase

**A gradual decrease in neutral pressure and a gradual increase in effective pressure take place and sum of the two is constant**

Coefficient of consolidation for **clays** normally A. Decreases with increase in liquid limit B. Increases with increase in liquid limit C. First increases and then decreases with increase in liquid limit D. Remains constant at all liquid limits

**Decreases with increase in liquid limit**

The **ratio** of settlement at any time "t" to the final settlement, is known as A. Co-efficient of consolidation B. Degree of consolidation C. Consolidation index D. Consolidation of undisturbed soil

**Degree of consolidation**

**Time factor** for a **clay** layer is A. A dimensional parameter B. Directly proportional to permeability of soil C. Inversely proportional to drainage path D. Independent of thickness of clay layer

**Directly proportional to permeability of soil**

**Coefficient of consolidation** of a **soil** is affected by A. Compressibility B. Permeability C. Both compressibility and permeability D. None of the above

**Both compressibility and permeability**

The **compression** resulting from a **long** term static load and consequent escape of pore water, is known as A. Compaction B. Consolidation C. Swelling D. None of these

**Consolidation**

A **triaxial shear test** is **preferred** to direct shear test, because: A. It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control B. Precise measurement of pore pressure and change in volume during test, is not possible C. Stress distribution on the failure plane, is not uniform D. None of these

**It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control**

The **shear strength** of a **soil** A. Is directly proportional to the angle of internal friction of the soil B. Is inversely proportional to the angle of internal friction of the soil C. Decreases with increase in normal stress D. Decreases with decrease in normal stress

**Decreases with decrease in normal stress**

Select the **incorrect** statement A. In a direct shear box test, the plane of shear failure is predetermined B. Better control is achieved on the drainage of the soil in a triaxial compression test C. Stress distribution on the failure plane in the case of triaxial compression test is uniform D. Unconfined compression test can be carried out on all types of soils

**Unconfined compression test can be carried out on all types of soils**

The **angle** of **internal friction**, is **least** for A. Angular-grained loose sand B. Angular- graned dense sand C. Round-grained loose sand D. Clays

**Clays**

For testing a **saturated clay** for shear strength, the test **recommended**, is A. Direct shear test B. Triaxial compression test C. Unconfined compression test D. All of the above

**Unconfined compression test**

The **triaxial apparatus** is usually used for A. Unconsolidated-undrained test B. Consolidated-undrained test C. Drained test D. All of the above tests

**All of the above tests**

**Shear strength** of a **soil** is a unique function of A. Effective stress only B. Total stress only C. Both effective stress and total stress D. None of the above

**Effective stress only**

The **angle** that **Coulomb's** failure envelope makes with the **horizontal** is called A. Cohesion B. Angle of internal friction C. Angle of repose D. None of the above

**Angle of internal friction**

The **angle** between the directions of the failure and the major principal plane, is equal to A. 90° + effective angle of shearing resistance B. 90° + half of the angle of shearing resistance C. 45° - half of the angle of shearing resistance D. 45° + half of the angle of shearing resistance

**45° + half of the angle of shearing resistance**

The **angle** of **internal friction** of **clays**, is usually A. 0° to 5° B. 5° to 20° C. 20° to 30° D. 30° to 45°

**5° to 20°**

**Failure** of a **slope** occurs only when total shear force is A. Equal to total shearing strength B. Greater than total shearing strength C. Less than total shearing strength D. None of these

**Greater than total shearing strength**

The **angle** of **internal friction** is **maximum** for A. Angular-grained loose sand B. Angular-grained dense sand C. Round-grained dense sand D. Round-grained loose sand

**Angular-grained dense sand**

A **direct shear test** possesses the following **disadvantage**: A. A relatively thin thickness of sample permits quick drainage B. A relatively thin thickness of sample permits quick dissipation of pore pressure developed during the test C. As the test progresses the area under shear, gradually changes D. None of these

**As the test progresses the area under shear, gradually changes**

Which of the following statements is **true** for **Mohr-Coulomb** envelope? A. Coulomb suggests that the relationship between shear strength and normal stress, is adequately represented by the straight line B. The generalised Mohr theory suggests that, though the shear stress depends on the normal stress, the relation is not linear C. Coulomb and Mohr suggest that a definite relationship exists among the principal stress and the angle of internal friction D. All of the above

**All of the above**

If **drainage** is **permitted** throughout the test, during the application of both **normal**, and **shear stresses** so that **full consolidation** occurs and no excess pore pressure is set up at any stage of the test, is known as A. Quick test B. Drained test C. Consolidated undrained test D. None of these

**Drained test**

The **shear resistance** of a **soil** is constituted basically of the following component A. The frictional resistance to translocation between the individual soil particles at their contact point B. To the structural relation to displacement of the soil because of the interlocking of the particles C. Cohesion and adhesion between the surfaces of the soil particles D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Select the **incorrect** statement A. Effective cohesion of a soil can never have a negative value B. Effective angle of internal friction for coarse grained soils is rarely below 30° C. Effective angle of internal friction for a soil increases as state of compactness increases D. Effective angle of internal friction is a complicated function of mineralogy and clay size content

**Effective cohesion of a soil can never have a negative value**

The **Mohr's straight theory** is based on the following fact: A. Material falls essentially by shear B. Ultimate strength of the material is determined by the stress in the plane of slip C. Failure criterion is independent of the intermediate principal stress D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Through a point in a loaded soil mass, there exists typical planes mutually orthogonal on which the stress is wholly **normal** and **no** shear stress acts, if is A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

**3**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. Failure plane carries maximum shear stress B. Failure plane does not carry maximum shear stress C. Failure plane carries shear stress equal to maximum shear stress D. None of these

**Failure plane does not carry maximum shear stress**

On **wetting**, **cohesive** soils, A. Loose permeability B. Gain shear strength C. Loose elasticity D. Decrease their shear strength

**Decrease their shear strength**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following A. An unconfined compression test is a special case of triaxial compression test B. An unconfined compression test is a special case of direct shear test C. The confining pressure is maximum during an unconfined compression test D. The cylindrical specimen of a soil is subjected to major principal stress till it falls due to shearing along the plane of the failure

**An unconfined compression test is a special case of triaxial compression test**

The direct shear test suffers from the following **disadvantage**: A. Drain condition cannot be controlled B. Pore water pressure cannot be measured C. Shear stress on the failure plane is not uniform D. The area under the shear and vertical loads does not remain constant throughout the test E. All are disadvantages of direct shear stress

**All are disadvantages of direct shear stress**

The **length / diameter** ratio of **cylindrical** specimens used in **triaxial test**, is generally A. 1 B. 1.5 C. 2 D. 2.5

**2**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. Isotropic consolidation of clay can be obtained in the triaxial apparatus under equal all-round pressure B. If the present effective stress is the maximum to which the clay has ever been subjected, it is called normally consolidated clay C. If the present effective stress in the past was more than present effective stress, it is called over-consolidated clay D. All of the above

**All of the above**

If the shearing stress is **zero** on two planes, then the **angle** between the two planes is A. 45° B. 90° C. 135° D. 225°

**90°**

The **internal** molecular attraction of a soil, the cohesion A. Decreases as the moisture content increases B. Increases as the moisture content decreases C. Is more in well compacted clays D. Depends upon the external applied load

**Is more in well compacted clays**

The shearing strength of a **cohesion-less soil** depends upon A. Dry density B. Rate of loading C. Confining pressure D. Nature of loading

**Confining pressure**

If a **cohesive soil** specimen is subjected to a **vertical** compressive load, the inclination of the cracks to the **horizontal** is A. 90° B. 45° C. 22.5° D. 0°

**45°**

The shear strength in **plastic undrained clay**, is due to A. Inter-granular friction B. Internal friction C. Cohesion D. None of these

**None of these**

The **vane shear test** is used for the **in-situ** determination of the **undrained** strength of the intact fully saturated A. Sands B. Clays C. Gravels D. Highly organic soils

**Clays**

Depending upon the properties of a material, the **failure envelope** may A. Be either straight or curved B. Pass through the origin of stress C. Intersect the shear stress axis D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Through a point in a loaded soil, the **principal stress** is **maximum** on A. Minor principal plane B. Intermediate principal plane C. Major principal plane D. None of these

**Major principal plane**

In a deposit of **normally consolidated clay** A. Effective stress increases with depth but water content of soil and undrained strength decrease with depth B. Effective stress and water content increase with depth but undrained strength decreases with depth C. Effective stress and undrained strength increase with depth but water content decreases with depth D. Effective stress, water content and undrained strength decrease with depth

**Effective stress and undrained strength increase with depth but water content decreases with depth**

**Cohesionless soil** is A. Sand B. Silt C. Clay D. Clay and silt

**Sand**

The **shear strength** of a **soil** A. Increases with an increase in the normal stress B. Is proportional to the cohesion of the soil C. Is generally known as the strength of the soil D. All of the above

**All of the above**

**Unconfined compressive strength test** is A. Undrained test B. Drained test C. Consolidated undrained test D. Consolidated drained test

**Undrained test**

For shear strength, triaxial shear test is **suitable** because A. It can be performed under all three drainage conditions B. Precise measurement of the pore pressure and volume change during the test is possible C. Stress distribution on the failure plane, is uniform D. All of the above

**All of the above**

In a **consolidated drained test** on a normally consolidated clay, the **volume** of the soil sample during shear A. Decreases B. Increases C. Remains unchanged D. First increases and then decreases

**Decreases**

At **liquid limit**, **all** soils possess A. Same shear strength of a small magnitude B. Same shear strength of large magnitude C. Different shear strengths of small magnitude D. Different shear strengths of large magnitude

**Same shear strength of a small magnitude**

In the **triaxial compression test**, the application of **additional** axial stress (i.e. deviator stress) on the soil specimen produces shear stress on A. Horizontal plane only B. Vertical plane only C. Both horizontal and vertical planes D. All planes except horizontal and vertical planes

**All planes except horizontal and vertical planes**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. The property of a soil that enables it to become stiff in a relatively short time standing is called thixotropy B. The ratio of shear strength in natural state to the remoulded shear strength under undrained conditions is called degree of sensitivity C. The difference between the undisturbed shear strength and remoulded shear strength is known remoulding loss D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Select the **incorrect** statement Effective angle of shearing resistance: A. Increases as the size of particle increases B. Increases as the soil gradiation improves C. Is limited to a maximum value of 45° D. Is rarely more than 30° for fine grained soil

**Is limited to a maximum value of 45°**

In a **triaxial compression test** when drainage is allowed during the first stage (i.e. application of cell pressure) only and **not** during the second stage (i.e. application of deviator stress at constant cell pressure), the test is known as A. Consolidated drain test B. Consolidated undrained test C. Unconsolidated drained test D. Unconsolidated undrained test

**Consolidated undrained test**

When drainage is **not** permitted under initially applied normal stress only and full primarily consolidation is allowed to take place, the test is known as A. Quick test B. Drained test C. Consolidated undrained test D. None of these

**Consolidated undrained test**

The **maximum** shear stress occurs on the filament which makes an angle with the **horizontal** plane equal to A. 30° B. 45° C. 60° D. 90°

**45°**

The **major** principal stress in an element of **cohesion-less soil** within the backfill of a retaining wall is: A. Vertical if the soil is in an active state of plastic equilibrium B. Vertical if the soil is in a passive state of plastic equilibrium C. Inclined at 45° to the vertical plane D. None of the above

**Vertical if the soil is in an active state of plastic equilibrium**

**Rankine's theory** of active earth assumes A. Soil mass is homogenous, dry and cohesionless B. Ground surface is a plane which may be horizontal or inclined C. Back of the wall is vertical and smooth D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Pick up the **correct** definition from the following: A. The lateral pressure exerted by the soil when the retaining wall moves away from the back fill, is generally known as active earth pressure of the soil B. The lateral pressure exerted by the soil when the retaining wall moves towards the soil, is generally known as passive earth pressure of the soil C. The lateral pressure exerted by the soil when the retaining wall has no movement relative to the back fill, is known as 'earth pressure at rest of the soil D. All of the above

**All of the above**

In **active** state of plastic equilibrium in a **non cohesive soil** with **horizontal** ground surface A. Major principal stress is horizontal B. Minor principal stress is vertical C. Major principal stress is vertical D. Minor and major principal stresses are equally inclined to horizontal

**Major principal stress is vertical**

If the back fill is having a **uniform** surcharge of intensity per unit area, the **lateral pressure** will be A. q times the lateral pressure within the surface B. 1/q times the lateral pressure within the surface C. Equal to a fill of height Z equal to q/r, where r is the density of the backfill D. None of these

**Equal to a fill of height Z equal to q/r, where r is the density of the backfill**

**Rankine's theory** of earth pressure assumes that the **back** of the wall is A. Plane and smooth B. Plane and rough C. Vertical and smooth D. Vertical and rough

**Vertical and smooth**

According to **Coulomb's wedge theory**, the active earth pressure slides the wedge A. Down and outwards on a slip surface B. Up and inwards on a slip surface C. Horizontal upward and parallel to base D. Horizontal inward and parallel to base

**Down and outwards on a slip surface**

The effect of **cohesion** on a soil is to A. Reduce both the active earth pressure intensity and passive earth pressure intensity B. Increase both the active earth pressure intensity and passive earth pressure intensity C. Reduce the active earth pressure intensity but to increase the passive earth pressure intensity D. Increase the active earth pressure intensity but to reduce the passive earth pressure intensity

**Reduce the active earth pressure intensity but to increase the passive earth pressure intensity**

A **failure wedge** develops if a retaining wall A. Moves away from the backfill B. Moves towards the backfill C. Sinks downwards D. Stresses equally by vertical and horizontal forces

**Moves away from the backfill**

The **total** active earth pressure due to **dry** back fill with **no** surcharge, acts at **H/3** above the base of the wall and is directly proportional to A. H B. √H C. H^2 D. H^3

**H^2**

**Back fill** with a sloping surface exerts a **total** active pressure Pa on the wall of height H and acts at A. H/4 above the base parallel to base B. H/2 above the base parallel to base C. H/3 above the base parallel to base D. H/5 above the base parallel to base

**H/3 above the base parallel to base**

**Coefficient of earth pressure** at **rest** is A. Less than active earth pressure but greater than passive earth pressure B. Greater than active earth pressure but less than passive earth pressure C. Greater than both the active earth pressure and passive earth pressure D. Less than both the active and passive earth pressures

**Greater than active earth pressure but less than passive earth pressure**

**Coulomb's wedge theory** assumes that A. Back fill is dry, cohesionless, homogenous and isotropic B. Slip surface is the plane which passes through the heel of the wall C. Position and direction of the resultant earth pressure are known D. All of the above

**All of the above**

The **lateral** earth pressure on a retaining wall A. Is equal to mass of the soil retained B. Proportional to the depth of the soil C. Proportional to the square of the depth of the soil D. Proportional to the internal friction of the soil

**Proportional to the depth of the soil**

The **bearing capacity** of a soil depends upon A. Size of the particles B. Shape of the particles C. Cohesive properties of particles D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Pick up the **correct** statement applicable to plate load test A. Width of the test pit for plate load test is made five times the width of the plate B. At the centre of the test pit, a hole is dug out whose size is kept equal to the size of the test plate C. Bottom level of the hole dug at the centre of the test pit, is kept at the level of the actual formation D. All of the above

**All of the above**

When a **cohesionless soil** attains quick condition, it looses A. Shear strength B. Bearing capacity C. Both A and B D. Neither A and B

**Both A and B**

The **rise** of water table **below** the foundation influences the bearing capacity of soil mainly by **reducing** A. Cohesion and effective angle of shearing resistance B. Cohesion and effective unit weight of soil C. Effective unit weight of soil and effective angle of shearing resistance D. Effective angle of shearing resistance

**Cohesion and effective unit weight of soil**

Contact pressure **beneath** a rigid footing **resting** on cohesive soil is A. Less at edges compared to middle B. More at edges compared to middle C. Uniform throughout D. None of the above

**More at edges compared to middle**

For determining the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, the recommended size of a square bearing plate to be used in load plate test should be **30 to 75 cm** square with a **minimum** thickness of A. 5 mm B. 10 mm C. 15 mm D. 25 mm

**25 mm**

**Terzaghi's** analysis assumes: A. Soil is homogenous and isotropic B. Elastic zone has straight boundaries inclined at = to the horizontal and plastic zones fully developed C. Failure zones do not extend above the horizontal plane through the base of the footing D. All of the above

**All of the above**

The **ultimate** bearing capacity of a soil, is A. Total load on the bearing area B. Safe load on the bearing area C. Load at which soil fails D. Load at which soil consolidates

**Load at which soil fails**

The **minimum** depth of building **foundations** on A. Sandy soils is 80 cm to 100 cm B. Clay soils is 90 cm to 160 cm C. Rocky soils is 5 cm to 50 cm D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Select the **incorrect** statement A. Bearing capacity of a soil depends upon the amount and direction of load B. Bearing capacity of a soil depends on the type of soil C. Bearing capacity of a soil depends upon shape and size of footing D. Bearing capacity of a soil is independent of rate of loading

**Bearing capacity of a soil depends upon the amount and direction of load**

The **maximum** pressure which a soil can carry **without** shear failure, is called A. Safe bearing capacity B. Net safe bearing capacity C. Net ultimate bearing capacity D. Ultimate bearing capacity

**Safe bearing capacity**

**Terzaghi's** bearing capacity factors **Nc**, **Nq** and **Nr** are functions of A. Cohesion only B. Angle of internal friction only C. Both cohesion and angle of internal friction D. None of the above

**Angle of internal friction only**

Rise of water table in **cohesion-less** soils up to ground surface reduces the **net ultimate bearing capacity** approximately by A. 25% B. 50% C. 75% D. 90%

**50%**

**Allowable bearing pressure** for a foundation depends upon A. Allowable settlement only B. Ultimate bearing capacity of soil only C. Both allowable settlement and ultimate bearing capacity D. None of the above

**Both allowable settlement and ultimate bearing capacity**

For a **loose sand** sample and a **dense sand** sample consolidated to the same effective stress A. Ultimate strength is same and also peak strength is same B. Ultimate strength is different but peak strength is same C. Ultimate strength is same but peak strength of dense sand is greater than that of loose sand D. Ultimate strength is same but peak

**Ultimate strength is same but peak strength of dense sand is greater than that of loose sand**

The **maximum** net pressure intensity causing **shear failure** of soil, is known A. Safe bearing capacity B. Net safe bearing capacity C. Net ultimate bearing capacity D. Ultimate bearing capacity

**Net ultimate bearing capacity**

Which one of the following statements is **true**? A. Clays are more porous than sands B. Pressure of organic matter in a soil decreases the bearing capacity of the soil C. Aluminous cement is used for foundations in soils with chemical deposits D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. When water table is above the base of a footing, the dry weight m should be used for soil below water table B. When water table is located somewhat below the base of a footing, the elastic wedge is partly of moist soil and partly of submerged soil, and a suitable reduction factor is used C. When water table is just at the base of the footing, no reduction factor is used D. None of these

**When water table is located somewhat below the base of a footing, the elastic wedge is partly of moist soil and partly of submerged soil, and a suitable reduction factor is used**

In the **plate loading test** for determining the bearing capacity of soil, the **size** of square bearing plate should be A. Less than 300 mm B. Between 300 mm and 750 mm C. Between 750 mm and 1 m D. Greater than 1 m

**Between 300 mm and 750 mm**

**Negative** skin friction on piles A. Is caused due to relative settlement of soil B. Is caused in soft clays C. Decreases the pile capacity D. All of the above

**All of the above**

**Pile foundations** are generally preferred to for A. Bridge foundations B. Sky scrapper buildings C. Residential buildings D. Runways

**Sky scrapper buildings**

The **maximum** load carried by a pile, when it continues to sink without further increase to load, is known as A. Ultimate load carrying capacity B. Ultimate bearing capacity C. Ultimate bearing resistant D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Pick up the **correct** statement from the following: A. If the ratio of depth to width is less than 2, it is shallow foundation B. If the ratio of depth to width is more than 2, it is deep foundation C. If the ratio of the length to width is between 1 and 2, it is spread foundation D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Number of piles required to **support** a column, is A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

**3**

**Under-reamed piles** are generally A. Driven piles B. Bored piles C. Precast piles D. All of the above

**Bored piles**

A **plane** inclined at an angle to the **horizontal** at which the soil is expected to stay in the **absence** of any lateral support, is known as A. Natural slope line B. Repose line C. The line D. All of the above

**All of the above**

Factor of safety against **sliding** of a **slope**, is the ratio of A. Actual cohesion to that required to maintain stability of slope B. Shear strength to shear stress along the surface C. Neither A nor B D. Both A and B

**Both A and B**

**Failure** of the **stability** of **slopes**, generally occurs along A. Slip plane B. A horizontal surface C. A curved surface D. All the surfaces

**A curved surface**

The **shearing force** acting along the slice of a **curved** surface of slippage, causes the soil to **slide** A. Down at the centre B. Down at the toe C. Upward at the centre D. None of these

**Down at the centre**

The **slip** at **critical** angle, is generally known A. *Deflexion* 1-line B. Rupture plane C. Slip plane D. All of the above

**All of the above**

The **change** of **moisture** content of soils, changes the A. Value of the angle of repose B. Amount of compaction required C. Cohesive strength of soil D. All of the above

**All of the above**

A **soil mass** is said to be in **plastic equilibrium** if A. It is stressed to maximum B. It is on the verge of failure C. It is in plastic stage D. It starts flowing

**It is on the verge of failure**

For **slopes** of **limited** extent the surface of **slippage**, is usually along A. A parabolic arc B. An elliptical arc C. A straight line D. A circular arc

**A circular arc**

For a **base failure** of a **slope**, **depth factor** A. Df = 1 B. Df < 1 C. Df > 1 D. None of these

**Df > 1**

If "C" is cohesion, "F" is factor of safety, "Y" is unit weight, "H" is the maximum height of embankment, the **stability number**, is A. F/CγH B. C/FγH C. H/CFγ D. γ/CFH

**C/FγH**

If the failure of a **finite** slope occurs through the **toe**, it is known as A. Slope failure B. Face failure C. Base failure D. Toe failure

**Toe failure**