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MEDICAL SURGICAL > GERD > Flashcards

GERD Flashcards

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1
Q

Common disorder marked by backflow of gastric or duodenal contents into the esophagus

A

GASTRO-ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)

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2
Q

What is the main reason or cause of GERD

A

WEAKENING OF LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER (LES)

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3
Q

GERD can result to inflammatory process in the lining of esophagus known as

A

REFLUX ESOPHAGITIS

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4
Q

What is the other name of GERD

A

REFLUX ESOPHAGITIS

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5
Q

HallmarK of GERD

A

REFLUX ESOPHAGITIS

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6
Q

Common risk factor of GERD wherein↑Abdominal fat tissues result in↑ pressure in the abdomen and thus leads to reflux

A

OBESITY

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7
Q

Common risk factor of GERD wherein The protrusion of a portion of the stomach through the hiatus can affect the normal mechanisms of esophageal clearance, making it easier for stomach contents, including acid, to reflux into the esophagus

A

HIATAL HERNIA

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8
Q

Common risk factor wherein ↑pressure in the abdomen due to growing baby can cause reflux

A

PREGNANCY

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9
Q

Common risk factor which is also a complication of Diabetes

A

DIABETIC GASTROPATHY

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10
Q

Refers to a condition wherein due to prolonged high level of blood sugar, tissues of stomach are affected thus resulting to the damage in the gastric walls leading to delayed gastric emptying and weakened LES

A

DIABETIC GASTROPHY

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11
Q

Common risk factor that has the tendency to relax the LES

A

ASTHMA

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12
Q

Results to cutaneous and GI damages + Impair swallowing

A

Connective tissue Disorder (RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS)

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13
Q

Characterized by presence of acid-producing tumors in the stomach

A

ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME

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14
Q

Common risk factor wherein Growing tumors that can produce acid can cause excess acid and result to reflux

A

ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME

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15
Q

Narrowing of pylorus (Pyloric sphincter)

A

PYLORIC STENOSIS

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16
Q

Common risk factor wherein the gastric content cannot go to small intestine due to the narrowing of pyloric sphincter

A

PYLORIC STENOSIS

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17
Q

Common risk factor wherein it causes slow, decrease, or absent movement of esophagus and small intestine

A

MOTILITY DISORDER

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18
Q

This position increases possibility of reflux

A

BENDING OR STOOPING

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19
Q

Foods that relaxes LES

A

(FSC)

FATTY FOODS
SPICY FOODS
CAFFEINE

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20
Q

Drugs that can relax LES

A

(BBCNX)

BENZODIAZEPINE
BETA BLOCKER
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER
NITRATES
XANTHINES

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21
Q

Foods that can increase acid production

A

(ACT)

ALCOHOL
COFFEE
TOBACCO

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22
Q

Is high predisposing factor to gastritis, PUD, and GERD

A

HELICOBACTER PYLORI

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23
Q

A condition wherein the cell of the esophagus changes from squamous to columnar lined epithelium due to constant exposure to acid. It is usually a premalignant state and a predisposing factor to esophageal cancer

A

BARRETT’s ESOPHAGUS (SYNDROME)

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24
Q

Hall mark symptom of GERD

A

PYROSIS (HEARTBURN)

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25
Symptoms of GERD that is characterize by Diffiulty swallowing
DYSPHAGIA
26
Symptom of GERD that is characterize by Painful swallowing
ODYNOPHAGIA
27
An imaging test that uses barium and X-rays to create images of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract
BARIUM SWALLOW
28
used to evaluate damage to the esophageal mucosa and rule out strictures and hernias
BARIUM SWALLOW
29
Visualization of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum using a camera held on to a flexible tube called endoscope
ENDOSCOPY (ESOPHAGOGASTRODUODENOSCOPY)
30
Gold standard for the diagnosis of GERD
AMBULATORY PH MONITORING
31
involves transnasal catheter placement or endoscopic wireless capsule placement for approximately 24 -36 hours
AMBULATORY PH MONITORING
32
monitor spikes of regurgitation
AMBULATORY PH MONITORING
33
done to reproduce the pain (heartburn) when the lower esophagus is irrigated with an acid (Mild hydrochloric acid + saline or salt ) solution in people with GERD
BERNSTEIN TEST (ACID PERFUSION TEST)
34
How long is the Bernstein test
30 mins
35
How long is the Ambulatory Ph monitoring
24-36 hrs
36
How many time should client with GERD eat?
4-6 TIMES/DAY
37
Client with GERD should elevate the head of the bed at
6-8 INCHES
38
Client with GERD should sleep in what position
LEFT LATERAL POSITION
39
What is the diet of clients with GERD
↓PROTEIN AND FATS
40
What should patient with GERD avoid in their diet
SPICY, ACIDIC, CARBONATED FOODS
41
Client with GERD should stop eating snacks how many hours prior to bed
3 HOURS
42
Pharmaological management for GERD that neutralizes Acid
ANTACID
43
Examples of Antacid
(CAMA) CALCIUM CARBONATE ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE ALGINATE
44
Pharmacological Management for GERD that decrease gastric acid production
HISTAMINE 2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST
45
Example of histamine 2 receptor antagonist
(FCR) FAMOTIDINE CITIMIDINE RANITIDINE
46
Pharmacologic management for GERD that accelerate gastric emptying
PROKINETIC AGENT (PROMOTILITY)
47
Example of prokinetic (promotility) agent
(MD) METOCLOPRAMIDE DOMPERIDONE
48
Pharmacological Management that decreases gastric acid production that takes longer to effect than H2 receptor agonist
PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR
49
Example of Proton Pump Inhibitor
(PO) PANTOPRAZOLE OMEPRAZOLE
50
Potential risk of gastric acid suppression is the
LOSS OF PROTECTIVE FLORA INCREASE RISK FOR INFECTION
51
Infection associated with gastric acid supression
CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE
52
What are the Pharmacological management for GERD
AHPP ANTACID H2 RECEPTOR AGONIST PROKINETIC (PROMOTILITY) PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR
53
a minimally invasive, outpatient procedure designed to relieve symptoms of GERD
STRETTA PROCEDURE
54
involves using a tube with a balloon or electrodes to apply controlled heat (radiofrequency energy) to the muscles around the lower esophageal sphincter and the gastric cardia
STRETTA PROCEDURE
55
In this procedure, the energy heats the tissue, ultimately causing it to swell and stiffen inhibits the activity of the vagus nerve thus reducing discomfort of client
STRETTA PROCEDURE
56
involves injecting a biocompatible polymer into the lower esophageal sphincter to tighten it and create a barrier against acid reflux
ENTERYX PROCEDURE
57
What is it called to something that is injected in the Enteryx Procedure
BIOCOMPATIBLE POLYMER
58
is a medical device that uses sutures to cinch and tighten the lower esophageal sphincter
BARD ENDOCINCH SUTURING SYSTEM (BESS)
59
gold standard for surgical management of GERD
OPEN OR LAPAROSCOPIC NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION
60
involves wrapping (360 degrees) of a portion of the gastric fundus around the sphincter area of the esophagus
OPEN OR LAPAROSCOPIC NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION
61
Complications of Nissen Fundoplication
- Small bowel obstruction - Retching - Gas-bloat syndrome - Dumping syndrome - Temporary dysphagia - Atelectasis - Obstructed NGT
62
Complications of GERD
ESOPHAGITIS ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA BARRETT's SYNDROME
63
large bubble of gas in the stomach that causes SOB
GAS-BLOAT SYNDROME
64
rapid emptying of the gastric content to small intestine
DUMPING SYNDROME
65
involuntary effort to vomit
RETCHING

MEDICAL SURGICAL (14 decks)

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