Germany

Question 1

When was the Weimar Republic formed?

Answer 1

1919, after the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II.

Question 2

What treaty ended WW1 and punished Germany?

Answer 2

Treaty of Versailles (1919).

Question 3

What were the key terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 3

Blame, Reparations (£6.6 billion), Army limited, Territory lost.

Question 4

What uprising happened in January 1919?

Answer 4

Spartacist Uprising (left-wing communists, crushed by Freikorps).

Question 5

What was the Kapp Putsch?

Answer 5

1920 right-wing coup by the Freikorps — failed due to a general strike.

Question 6

What happened in the Ruhr in 1923?

Answer 6

France and Belgium occupied it after Germany missed reparations.

Question 7

What was hyperinflation and when did it peak?

Answer 7

1923 – money became worthless due to printing to pay striking workers.

Question 8

What new currency did Stresemann introduce?

Answer 8

The Rentenmark (1923)

Question 9

What was the Dawes Plan (1924)?

Answer 9

US loans to help Germany pay reparations and rebuild economy.

Question 10

What was the Young Plan (1929)?

Answer 10

Reduced reparations and extended payment time.

Question 11

What pact improved Germany’s foreign relations in 1925?

Answer 11

Locarno Pact.

Question 12

What was the “Golden Age” of Weimar?

Answer 12

1924–29 – cultural and economic recovery.

Question 13

What caused the Great Depression in Germany?

Answer 13

1929 Wall Street Crash – US stopped loans → mass unemployment.

Question 14

What party did Hitler join in 1919?

Answer 14

German Workers’ Party (renamed NSDAP in 1920).

Question 15

What did the Nazis believe in?

Answer 15

Nationalism, anti-communism, anti-Semitism, strong leadership.

Question 16

What was the Munich Putsch (1923)?

Answer 16

Hitler’s failed coup in Munich – led to his arrest and trial.

Question 17

What was Mein Kampf?

Answer 17

Hitler’s book written in prison, outlining Nazi ideas.

Question 18

How did the Great Depression help the Nazis?

Answer 18

People lost faith in democracy and turned to extremist parties.

Question 19

Who were the SA?

Answer 19

Nazi paramilitary group used to intimidate opponents.

Question 20

When did Hitler become Chancellor?

Answer 20

January 1933, appointed by President Hindenburg

Question 21

What happened in the Reichstag Fire?

Answer 21

February 1933 – Nazis blamed communists, used it to gain emergency powers.

Question 22

What was the Enabling Act?

Answer 22

March 1933 – allowed Hitler to make laws without the Reichstag.

Question 23

What was the Night of the Long Knives (1934)?

Answer 23

Hitler ordered the murder of SA leaders to gain army support.

Question 24

What happened when Hindenburg died?

Answer 24

Hitler became Führer, combining chancellor and president.

Question 25

What was the SS?

Answer 25

Hitler’s elite security force, led by Himmler.

Question 26

What was the Gestapo?

Answer 26

Secret police that spied on and arrested opponents.

Question 27

How did the Nazis use propaganda?

Answer 27

Controlled radio, newspapers, films – led by Joseph Goebbels.

Question 28

What was the Nazi approach to censorship?

Answer 28

All media and arts had to support Nazi views.

Question 29

What was “Kinder, Küche, Kirche”?

Answer 29

Nazi slogan for women: Children, Kitchen, Church.

Question 30

How were women encouraged to have children?

Answer 30

Marriage loans, Mother’s Cross medals.

Question 31

What was Hitler Youth?

Answer 31

Nazi youth organisation to train boys in loyalty and military skills.

Question 32

What was the League of German Girls?

Answer 32

Nazi group for girls to focus on health, motherhood, and Nazi values.

Question 33

What was the Nazi policy towards workers?

Answer 33

DAF (replaced trade unions), Strength Through Joy (leisure), Beauty of Labour (working conditions).

Question 34

How were Jews persecuted before WW2?

Answer 34

Nuremberg Laws (1935), Kristallnacht (1938).

Question 35

What were the Nuremberg Laws (1935)?

Answer 35

Jews lost citizenship, couldn’t marry Germans.

Question 36

What happened on Kristallnacht (1938)?

Answer 36

Nazi-led attacks on Jewish businesses, homes, synagogues.

Question 37

Who opposed the Nazis?

Answer 37

Youth groups (Edelweiss Pirates, Swing Youth), churches (Niemöller, Bonhoeffer), students (White Rose).

Question 38

What happened to opposition groups?

Answer 38

Many were arrested, tortured, or executed by the Gestapo and SS.

Question 39

What was the Wall Street Crash?

Answer 39

• In October 1929, the US stock market (Wall Street) suddenly collapsed—stock prices plummeted. • This caused a global economic crisis because many countries, including Germany, depended on American loans and trade.