Germany - 9/5/25

Question 1

What was the November 1918 Revolution

Answer 1

Germany Wide

Aimed to remove the Kasier and esablish a democratic republic (Weimar Republic)

Led by moderate Social Democrats (Friedrich Ebert)

Goal: End War, Get peace, avoid Civil War

Nationwide but mostly moderate

Question 2

What was the Bavarian Uprising (1918-1919)

Answer 2

Wanted to create a socialist state - inspired by the Russian Revolution

Let by radical left socialists (Kurt eisner)

Goal: Abolish monarchy, redistribute wealth, workers control of factories

Local to Bavaria and much more radical.

Question 3

Was the Revolution really over? Who was Friedrich Ebert?

Answer 3

New Chancellor Friedrich Ebert and the SPD came to power quickly

They urgently needed to establish authority

Concerns: Bitter soldiers coming back from WWI and the extreme left… potential for civil War

Ebert believed the revolution was over

Some reforms weere made: Freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, releasing political prisoners, 8 hour work day and unemployed benefits

Main Goal - Proceed to a democratic election for a Parliament (National Assembly)

Question 4

What was the Ebert-Groener Pact?

Answer 4

General Groener (New leader of the German Army and Friedrich

Ebert have a secret phone call)

Groener = Worried about army discipline and communism

Ebert = Worries about threats from extreme left

Short term = army would support ebert

Long Term = the pact allowed the army to be an important political influence and force

Question 5

What was the Stinnes - Legien Agreement

Answer 5

German industry and big business worried about revolutionary activity

Carl Legien = Leader of the German trade unions

Hugo Stinnes = Spokesperson for industrialists

15th November 1918

Agreement to keep workers and business owners happy for: 8 hour day, right to collective bargaining, trade unions recognised, workers councils in firms with over 50 employees and soldiers returning from WW1 guaranteed jobs back