Germany - Hitlers rise to power

Question 1

describe the process of the great depression

Answer 1

US calls in loans
german industry loses finance, lowers production, fires workers
people spend less, prices drop, demand falls
industry loses more money, lowers production, fires workers
people spend less, prices drop
depression

Question 2

how high was unemployment in germany by 1933

Answer 2

6 million unemployed

Question 3

how did bruning attempt to solve the great depression

Answer 3

raised taxes
reduced unemployment pay
had to use article 48 to pass laws

Question 4

what was article 48

Answer 4

the allowance to pass laws in emergency without parliament agreeing upon them

Question 5

which two parties grew most in popularity from 1928 - nov 1932

Answer 5

nazis
KPD

Question 6

how did the depression make people vote nazi

Answer 6

nazis were saying ToV was a crime to germany, jews are to be blamed, germany needs to be reborn
desperate germans want to believe them

Question 7

how did hitlers appeal get people to vote nazi

Answer 7

could speak passionately and convincingly for hours
could fill concert halls with interested voters
spoke in nazi uniform to emphasize military order - convinced many hitler knew how to solve the problems

Question 8

how did weimars failure get people to vote nazi

Answer 8

democratic weimar was not working and kept disagreeing with eachother
wasnt solving the issue
became drawn towards extremist political parties with clear extreme views of how to solve things

Question 9

how did the fear of communism make people vote nazi

Answer 9

russian communist revolution scared middle-upper class germans and religious people
hitler promised to deal with communist threat (sent SA to fight communist gangs)

Question 10

how did the nazi parties structure make people vote nazi

Answer 10

nazi offices set up over germany to recruit
use of propoganda to persuade people
hitler took part in fabulous parades
hitler youth organisation recruited young people

Question 11

by 1932 how many men were in the SA

Answer 11

400,000

Question 12

when did joseph goebbels become chief propagandist

Answer 12

1928

Question 13

how did the nazis utilise new technology

Answer 13

1932 - hitler used aeroplane to take himself to 20 cities in a week to make election speeches
constant use of radio showed how in touch and modern nazis were

Question 14

what propaganda methods did the nazis use

Answer 14

leaflets
posters
newspapers (owned munich observer)
radio

Question 15

why did farmers vote nazi

Answer 15

nazis saw farmers as pure - ‘blood and soil’ emphasised these things made germany
nazis hated communist who would take over farmers land if they had control

Question 16

why did middle class people vote nazi

Answer 16

feared law and order may breakdown or communist takeover could destroy their way of life
nazis promised to deal with problems decisively

Question 17

why did some women vote nazi

Answer 17

nazis said family, life, good morals, and self discipline were important
mothers feared youth were being exposed to muck and filth (cabaret and gay clubs)

Question 18

why did young people vote nazi

Answer 18

hitler promised to tear up ToV and make germany strong
youth wanted jobs in army or building new homes, motorways and hospitals

Question 19

why did upper class and factory owners vote nazi

Answer 19

hiitler promised them to run factories how thhey want
plans to use factories to build weapons, battleships and fighter planes meant more money for them

Question 20

how many seats in the reichstag did nazi hold by 1932

Answer 20

230 seats
largest party

Question 21

what were the three main themes of goebbels propaganda

Answer 21

fuhrer cult
volksgemeinschaft (peoples community)
scapegoating the jews

Question 22

how did the SA increase nazi popularity

Answer 22

intimidated political opponents by attacking them at their meetings
provided jobs for young unemployed men
protected hitler

Question 23

why was hitler given chancellor

Answer 23

hindenburg thought they could limit hitlers influence and resist extremist demands

Question 24

when was hitler given chancellor

Answer 24

30th jan 1933

Question 25

when was the reichstag fire

Answer 25

27th february 1933

Question 26

who was caught in the act of the reichstag fire

Answer 26

a communist marinus van der lubbe

Question 27

how would blaming the reichstag fire on a communist help nazis in upcoming election

Answer 27

less people would vote KPD KPD lose seats in reichstag more people vote nazi

Question 28

why is it believed the nazis were behind the reichstag fire

Answer 28

would help them win the election there was underground passages from goerings palace to the reichstag building

Question 29

what was the enabling act 1933

Answer 29

gave hitler the right to make laws without reichstags approval for next 4 years removed reichstag as opponents

Question 30

when were political parties (barr nazis) banned

Answer 30

14th july 1933 removed parties as opposition

Question 31

when was the night of the long knives

Answer 31

30th june 1934

Question 32

what was the night of the long knives

Answer 32

many SA members (including ernst rohm) were demanding nazis carry out socialist agenda SS murder around 400 SA members removed internal nazi party opposition

Question 33

when did hitler become fuhrer

Answer 33

19th august 1934 - on the death of hindenburh

Question 34

how did hitler extend his power to the local government

Answer 34

local gov reorganised - nazi party officials put in charge of each area of germany

Question 35

how did hitler extend his power to the trade unions

Answer 35

trade unions abolished (2nd may 1933) leaders arrested

Question 36

how did hitler extend his power through the church

Answer 36

concordat signed with pope allowing hitler to increase power without opposition from catholic church (as long as he left the church alone)

Question 37

how did hitler extend his power through the people courts

Answer 37

set up nazi people coarts where judges had to swear oath of loyalty to nazis

Question 38

when and why was the first concentration camp set up

Answer 38

7th april 1933 prisons being filled up too quickly allowed him to arrest more potential communists and threatening groups

Question 39

why was hitler under pressure to deal with rohm

Answer 39

rohm wanted socialist ideas, but hitler needed to please big businesses army didnt want to be run by rohm to keep their support he had to get rid of him