gestalt principles Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is depth perception?
The ability to see objects in three dimensions despite the images on the retina being two-dimensional
It allows us to judge distance.
Define binocular cues.
Depth cues that depend on the use of two eyes.
What are Gestalt principles?
A set of visual perception principles that help us make sense of visual stimuli by grouping separate phenomena into meaningful wholes.
What does the whole being greater than the sum of its parts mean in Gestalt principles?
The idea that a collection of objects can form a complete image rather than being viewed as individual components.
List the five pictorial depth cues.
- Linear perspective
- Interposition (overlap)
- Texture gradient
- Relative size
- Height in visual field
What is perception?
The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to recognize meaningful objects and events.
What are depth cues?
Messages from our bodies and the external environment that provide information about space and distance.
Define retinal disparity.
A binocular cue for perceiving depth by comparing images from the retinas in the two eyes.
What does greater disparity in retinal images indicate?
The object is closer.
Define convergence as a binocular cue.
The extent to which the eyes turn inward when looking at an object.
What are monocular depth cues?
Depth cues that use only one eye.
List the two types of monocular depth cues.
- Accommodation
- Pictorial depth cues
What is linear perspective?
A monocular cue where parallel lines appear to meet in the distance.
What does interposition or overlap indicate?
If one object partially blocks another, we perceive it as closer.
Define texture gradient.
Nearby objects have a coarser and more distinct texture than distant ones.
What is the relative size cue?
The tendency to perceive the object producing the largest image on the retina as being closest.
What does height in the visual field represent?
Depth by portraying distant objects as being closer to the horizon.
List the key Gestalt principles.
- Figure and ground organization
- Closure
- Similarity
- Proximity
What is the closure principle in Gestalt?
The tendency to perceive an incomplete picture as complete.
Define the similarity principle in Gestalt.
The tendency to perceive things that look similar as part of the same group.
What is figure vs. ground in visual perception?
The organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground).
What does the proximity principle in Gestalt state?
Objects that are closer together will be grouped.
Define depth perception.
The ability to accurately estimate the distance of objects and perceive the world in three dimensions.
What is accommodation in terms of vision?
The automatic adjustment of the shape of the lens to focus in response to changes in distance.
