Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

buzzwords > gi > Flashcards

gi Flashcards

(96 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what nerve supplies the rectum

A

inferior rectal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

inferior rectal nerve origin

A

S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

treatment of H pylori

A

PPI and 2 antibacterials - omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin/metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how to identify H pylori

A

stool antigen test or urea breath test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

difference between gastric and duodenal ulcers

A

duodenal ulcer is relieved by food or antacids but provide minimal relief for gastric ulcer pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

treatment for acute hepatitis

A

supportive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

treatment for chronic hepatitis

A

interferon alpha or antiviral tenofovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is hep C

A

a heamatological RNA virus that is acute but usually becomes chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how to test for hep C

A

PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is there a vaccine for hep C

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is hep B

A

a heamotological virus with a vaccine that is acute but 20% become chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does HBsAG mean

A

previous infection, acute or chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does antiHBsAg mean

A

clinical recovery and immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does HBeAg mean

A

highly infectious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does IgM antiHBc mean

A

acute infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does IgG antiHBc mean

A

chronic infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does hep E come from

A

contaminated or undercooked food - spread via the faecal oral route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

is there a vaccine for hep E

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

hep D when does it arise

A

only with hep B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

staphylococcus aureus found

A

cooked meats and cream products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

bacillus cereus found

A

reheated rice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

costridiium perfringens found

A

reheated meat dishes or cooked meats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

otheres causes of bacteria gastroenteritis

A

campylobacter, Ecoli, salmonella, shigella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what can Ecoli 0157 cause

A

haemolytic uraemic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
viral causes of gastroenteritis
rotavirus, norovirus, adenoviruses
26
parasitic causes of gastroenteritis
cryptosporidium, entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis, schistosoma
27
what gives a birds beak appearance
achalasia
28
how to diagnose achalasia
barium swallow
29
treatment of achalasia
hellers cardiomyotomy or balloon dilation
30
treatment of oesophageal varices
resuscitation, IV terlipressin, banding, sengstaken blakermore tube
31
prophylaxis of oesophageal varices
Beta blockers, EGD and banding, TIPSS
32
cobblestone mucosa
crohns
33
recurrent oral stomatitis
crohns
34
deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa
crohns
35
treatments of crohns
steriods, liquid diet, immunosupressants, surgery
36
Barretts oesophagus/ pre cancer
replacement of normal stratified squamous epithelium by simple columnar epithelium with goblet cells
37
murphys sign
asking the patient to take in and hold a deep breath while palpating the right subcostal area if the pain occurs on inspiration when the gall bladder comes in contact with the examiner's hand then the Murphys sign is positive
38
what does murphys sign indicate
acute cholecystitis
39
dukes A
the cancer is in the inner lining of the bowel or slightly into the muscle layer
40
dukes B
the cancer has grown through the muscle layer of the bowel
41
dukes C
the cancer has spread to at least 1 lymph node close to the bowel
42
dukes D
the cancer has spread to another part of the body such as the liver, lungs or bones
43
treatment of ascites
spironolactone
44
SE of spironolactone
gynaecomastia and hyperkalaemia - risk of arrhythmias
45
thumb printing at the splenic flexure
ischaemic colitis
46
difference between haemorrhoids and rectal prolapse
rectal prolapse involves an entire segment of the bowel and hemorrhoids only involves the inner layer of the bowel near the anal opening
47
sepsis treatment
BUFALO - blood cultures, urine output, fluids, antibiotics, lactate and oxygen
48
signs of wilsons
excess copper, kayser Fleischer rings
49
signs of acute pancreatitis
grey turners (lumbar redness) and cullens signs (umbilical redness) vomiting and very raised amylase
50
causes of acute pancreatitis
GETSMASHED G - gallstones, E- ethanol T -trauma S- steriods M- mumps A - autoimmune pancreatitis S - scoprion stingH - hyperlipidemia, hypothermia, hyperparathyroidism E - endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography D - drugs (azathiprine)
51
virchows node
left supracalvicular node - GASTRIC CANCER
52
diffuse stomach cancer
signet ring cells on biopsy linitis plastic
53
alphafeto protein
hepatocellular carcinoma
54
cork screw oesophagus on barium swallow
diffuse oesophageal spasm
55
abdominal pain after sour milk or shellfish
campylobacter
56
acute cholangitis
charcots triad
57
charcots triad
fever, jaundice, abdominal pain
58
short bowel syndrome
<2m
59
g cells secrete
gastrin
60
i cells secrete
CCK
61
S cells secrete
secretin
62
d cells secrete
somatostatin
63
parietal cells secrete
HCL
64
zollinger ellison syndrome
too much gastric acid causing peptic ulcers
65
complication of IBD
toxic megacolon
66
treatment for haemochromatosis
phlemotomy, blood letting
67
leukonychia
hypoalbuminaemia white nails
68
koilonychias
nail spooning and iron deficiency anaemia
69
pre hepatic jaundice
gilberts, haemolytic anaemia, newborn and trauma
70
intrahepatic jaundice
viral hep, alcoholic hep, autoimmune hep, decompensated cirrhosis, PBC, PSC
71
post hepatic jaundice
gall stone, head of pancreas cancer, gall bladder cancer
72
mallory hyaline bodies
alcoholic liver disease
73
onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts
primary sclerosing cholangitis
74
Pance +
UC
75
lowest part of the peritoneal cavity when supine
hepatorenal recess / morrisons pouch
76
very raised creatinine
renal problem
77
muscle of the cheek that moves food during mastication
buccinator
78
biliary tract infection treatment
ciprofloxacin or gentamicin or a cephalosporin
79
treatment for peritonitis
metronidazole and gentamicin
80
primary biliary cirrhosis
AMA
81
autoimmune hepatitis
ASMA
82
hepatocellular carcinoma
alpha feto protein
83
diffuse stomach cancers
signet rings seen on biopsy
84
coeliac disease
anti transglutaminase antibody, anti endomysial antibody
85
uc, psc
panca
86
psc
anca, canca
87
pancreatitis
raised amylase, lipase, vomiting, pain
88
colicky loin pain radiatig to groin
ureteric colic
89
jaundice and constant right upper quadrant pain
biliary colic
90
severe epigastric pain radiating to the back associated with vomiting
acute pancreatitis
91
periumbilical pain radiating to right iliac fossa
acute appendicitis
92
central abdominal pain, expansile pulsatile mass
abdominal aortic aneurysm
93
iliac fossa pain, positive pregnancy test
ectopic pregnancy
94
middle aged woman presents with pruritus, jaundice, pigmentation, AMA+
PBC
95
middle aged man presents with pruritis, jaundice, abdominal pain and increased ALP
PSC
96
signs of chronic liver disease
clubbing, flapping tremor, depuytrens contracture, palmar erythema, gynaecomastia, spider naevi, splenomegaly, testicular atrophu, ascites encephalopathy

buzzwords (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions