GI

Question 1

signs and symptoms of common GI disorders

Answer 1

nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, dysphagia, heartburn, abdominal pain, GI bleeding

Question 2

esophagitis

Answer 2

reflux/GERD
inflammation of the esophageal mucosa as a result of reflux of the stomach
cause: increase gastric volume, decreased anti-reflux delayed esophageal clearance

Question 3

barrets esophagus

Answer 3

usually in long term gerd patients
glandular metaplasia in distal esophagus as a result of chronic reflux of gastric acid into esophagus

Question 4

hiatal hernia

Answer 4

segment of stomach protrudes through diaphram into mediastinum

Question 5

pt implications for hiatal hernia

Answer 5

pt education on activities and safe lifting, slow return to function, avoid flat supine position and exercises that require valsalva maneuver

Question 6

acute gastritis

Answer 6

infiltration of edematous gastric mucosa predominantly by neutrophils
-disruptions of the mucous layer, damage to epithelium

Question 7

chronic gastritis

Answer 7

infiltration of gastric mucosa with chronic inflammatory cells

Question 8

gasttritis red flag

Answer 8

patients taking long term NSAIDs should be monitored for stomach pain, bleeding, nausea or vomiting

Question 9

peptic ulcer

Answer 9

defect in the mucosal surface of the stomach or duodenum that extends through the mucosa

Question 10

referred pain for peptic ulcer

Answer 10

back pain radiating to mid-thoracis back and RUQ
sometimes into right shoulder

Question 11

inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 11

mucosal or deeper damage to GI tract due to dysfunction of immune response towards normal intestinal flora
ulcerative colitis and chron disease

Question 12

clinical manifestations of chrons disease vs ulcerative colitis

Answer 12

chron’s: abdominal pain, weight loss, fever, bloody diarrhea
ulcerative colitis: profuse water diarrhea with blood, mucus, abdominal pain

Question 13

PT implications for inflammatory bowel diseases

Answer 13

referred low back pain, LRQ, antalgic gait
+psoas tet for a hip felxion reflex spasm

Question 14

irritable bowel syndrome

Answer 14

most common GI disorder, not inflammatory

Question 15

ischemic bowel disease

Answer 15

damage to bowel due to decreased blood flow

Question 16

diverticulitis

Answer 16

infection of the diverticulum

Question 17

diverticulum

Answer 17

pouch in the wall of GI

Question 18

peritonitis

Answer 18

inflammation of the peritoneum; lining of the abdominal cavity

Question 19

upper GI bleeding (hemorrhage)

Answer 19

melena black/tarry stool

Question 20

lower GI bleeding (hemorrhage)

Answer 20

hematochezia bright red and bloody stool