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Gi 2 Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

What causes an appendicitis?

A

Obstruction of appendix lumen
- causing inflammation

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2
Q

Who is at risk for an appendicitis

A

Adolescents and young adults

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3
Q

What are some manifestations for appendicitis

A

Can be sudden or gradual onset
Often localized to McBurney’s point
May be aggregated by right hip extension
Tenderness

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4
Q

How is an appendicitis diagnosed

A

Ct or ultrasound

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5
Q

What are common antibiotics given for appendectomy?

A

Piperacillin / tazobactam

Ampicillin/ sulbactam

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6
Q

What are some complications from a appendicitis

A

Rupture
Heat application making it worse
Laxatives contraindicated

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7
Q

Peritonitis

A

Peritonaeum being inflamed

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8
Q

Signs and symptoms of peritonitis

A

Pain
Tenderness
Absent bowel sounds high fever
Tachycardia

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9
Q

Care for peritonitis

A

Meds - antibiotics/ sedatives
Position for comfort
Electrolytes
Vitals
I and o’s

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10
Q

Cdad

A

Non bloody diarrhea (5-10 watery stools/day)

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11
Q

Pseudombranous colitis

A

Profuse watery diarrhea (10-15 stools/day)

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12
Q

Common meds given for c diff

A

Metronidazole (flagy) - mild case

Oral vancomycin

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13
Q

Inflammatory bowel disease (ibs)

A

Unknown cause
- can be hereditary due to having multiple genes
- smoking = risk factor

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14
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

Happens in colon only
- curative via colectomy

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15
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

any part of gi system
- no cure !,
Increase risk for terminal ileum cancer

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16
Q

How is IBD diagnosed

A

Endoscopy
Blood tests - cbc / c reative protein
Stool test - blood/mucus/ pus
Plain x-ray = blockages
Ct

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17
Q

Signs and symptoms of IBD

A

Rectal bleeding
Abdominal pain
Bloody diarrhea
Fever fatigue

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18
Q

IBD treatment

A

Bowel rest!!
— npo until bowel heals
Control inflammation
Decrease stress
Relieve pain

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19
Q

Common meds for IBD in mild cases

Gi anti inflammatory

Study These Flashcards
A

Sulfasalazine
Mesalamine

20
Q

Common meds for IBD for more severe cases

Corticosteroids

Study These Flashcards
A

Short term symptom management
- loperamide ( Imodium)
- diphenoxylate ( lomotil)

21
Q

Immune suppressants for IBD

Study These Flashcards
A

Infiximab - remicade
Adalimumab - humira
Certolizumab - cimiza
Methotrexate- rheumatrex

22
Q

Antibiotics for fistulas and abscesses

Study These Flashcards
A

Metronidazole
Ciprofloxacin
Clarithromycin

23
Q

Treatment for IBD

Study These Flashcards
A

Colectomy
Or reward obstructions/ fistula

24
Q

Diverticulitis

Study These Flashcards
A

Develops from diverticulosis - small bulging pouch in gi tract

25
What is the most common manifestation of diverticulitis
Lower left quadrant pain Fever
26
Treatment for diverticulitis
Npo initially- move to low fiber diet while healing Oral antibiotics Teach self care
27
Colon resection may be indicated if perfection or obstruction for diverticulitis True or false
True
28
What patients are more likely to get a bowel obstruction
Adhesions Hernias Intumors
29
Intussusception vovulus
Part of bowel stuck in another piece of bowel - common in kids
30
Paralytic ileus
Absent bowel sounds - destined bowel
31
Nursing care for bowel obstructions
Bowel rest - npo/ iv fluids Vitals every 4 hour I& o’s Ambulate!!
32
Colon cancer
Cancer of large intestine down - usually preventable / curable w/ early detection
33
Risk factors for colon cancer
Males Over 59 years old African American Obesity Smoking Low intake of veggies and fruit
34
How to decrease colon cancer risk
Active lifestyle Calcium intake Multivitamins High fiber diet Limit nsaids
35
Recommended screenings for colon cancer - normal risk individuals
Flexible sigmoidoscopy Colonoscopy Fecal occult blood testing
36
How often should a individual test for colon cancer
Normal risk = 10 years For risk = 5 years
37
There’s no early signs of colon cancer True or false
True
38
Signs of colon cancer
Blood in stool Change in stool shape Cramping New onset constipation Abnormal weight loss
39
Carcinoma
Polypectomy or removal of abnormal cells via colonoscopy
40
Localized stage treatment
Resection of tumor
41
Regional stage treatment for colon cancer
Chemotherapy added to removal
42
Minimal stool comes out at 1st and consistency will depend on location True or false
True
43
Stoma
Will look beefy red or pink - part of bowel that is out on the body
44
What are ileostomy individuals a high risk for ?
Fluid/ electrolyte loss - especially k
45
Total colectomy
Entire colon removed
46
Individuals that get a total colectomy are at high risk for
Volume deficit Electrolyte depletion Several loose stools

Nursing (11 decks)

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