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GI Flashcards

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1
Q

Corkscrew shaped esophagus?

A

diffuse esophageal spasm

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2
Q

cervical outpouching through the circopharyngeus muscle?

A

zenkers diverticulum

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3
Q

MCC of esophageal cancer in US?

A

adenocarcinoma due to barretts

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4
Q

columnar metaplasia of the distal esophagus?

A

barrents

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5
Q

associated withwhat type of cancer- smoking, alcohol. dietary def. of beta carotene, vit B1, zinc, selenium, toxin producing fungi, hot food & beverages, pickled veg, nitrate rich food

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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6
Q

autoantibodies to parietal cells

A

type A chronic gastritis

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7
Q

h pylori infection in antrum

A

type B chronic gastritis

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8
Q

Triple therapy

A

amoxicillin, clarithromycin, omeprazole

Metronidazole can be substituted for amoxi

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9
Q

Therapy for MALT

A

triple therapy

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10
Q

Risk factors for intestinal type of gastric cancer

A

diet high in nitrites, salt, and low in fresh vegetables, h pylori, chronic gastritis
- metaplasia of gastric mucuosal cells

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11
Q

Biopsy findings of diffuse gastric cancer

A

signet cell

no risk factors

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12
Q

substitute for NSAIDS for PUD patients who require NSAIDS?

A

misoprostol

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13
Q

gastrin producing tumor in duodenum or pancreas

A

Zollinger ellison syndrome

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14
Q

What type of endocrine condition are gastrinomas associated with

A

MEN type 1

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15
Q

recurrent gnawing, burning abdominal pian, diarrhea, nasuea, vomitting, fatigue, weakness, weight loss, GI bleeding?

A

gastrinoma

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16
Q

causes of bloody diarrhea

A

salmonella, shigella. ecoli. campylobacter

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17
Q

agents causing diarrhea in HIV/AIDS

A

cryptosporidium and isospora

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18
Q

treatment for campylobacter diarrhea?

A

erythromycin

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19
Q

Grouped, papulovesicular pruritc skin lesions are what and associated with what disease

A

dermatitis herpetiformis associated with celiac disease

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20
Q

what type of test can be down to diagnose lactose intolerace

A

hydrogen breath test- increased after ingestion of lactose in intolerance

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21
Q

Carcinoid tumor can predispose a patient to what condition>

A

Pellegra- bc serotonin is made instead of niacin ( vit, B3)

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22
Q

lactic acidosis in SBO suggest what?

A

necrotic bowel

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23
Q

apple core deft on barium enema

A

colon carcinoma

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24
Q

indirect hernia is due to what

Study These Flashcards
A

congenital patent processus vaginalis

- protrudes lateral to inferior epigasrics

25
progressive inflammation and fibrosis accompanied by strictures of extra and intrahepatic bile ducts?
primary sclerosing cholangitis - see multiple bile duct strictures on MRCP - associated with UC
26
treatment for primary scelrosing cholangitis?
high dose ursodiol
27
what liver condition is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrom
non alcoholic fatty liver disease
28
disorder that has destruction of intrahepatic bileducts
primary billiary cirrhosis - autoimmune disease that presents with jaundice and pruritus in middle aged women - incraesed alk phos, bili cholesteral - + ama antibody
29
patient presents with abdominal pain, DM, hypogonadism, arthropathy of the MCP joints, heart failure, cirrhosis, bronze pigmentation , cardiac dyfuncition
hemachromatosis- autosomal recessive
30
lab findings in hemachromatosis
Increased serum iron, % saturation of iron, ferritin decreased transferrin transferrin sat>45%
31
Patient presents with hepatitis/ cirrhosis,ataxia, tremor, pscyhois,
wilsons
32
lab findings in wilsons
decreased serum ceruloplasmin
33
signs of pancreatic cancer
palpable nontender gall bladder | migratory thrombophebitis
34
Ransons criteria for acute pancreatitis on admission
``` GA LAW Glucose>200 Age>55 LDH>350 AST> 250 WBC>16,000 ```
35
Rasons criteria for acute pancreatitis within 48 hrs
``` C HOBBS Ca10% PaO24 BUN increased by >5 Sequestered fluid >6 ```
36
diarrhea, hypokalemia, leg cramps, mass in pancreas
VIPOMA
37
necrotizing dermatitis, weight loss, anemia, persistant hyperglycemia
glucanogoma
38
Treatment for PUD
PPIs + clarithromycin/ amoxicillin
39
treatment for PUD if unresponsive to PPIs + clarithromycin/ amoxicillin
PPIs + metronidazole/tetracycline
40
what agent can be added when abx are switched for PUD
bismuth
41
initial therapy for NUD
PPis
42
most accurate test for gastrinoma
secretin rsponse
43
test after gastrinoma is confrimed?
CT/ MRI first ( but poor sensitivity) | somatostatin receprto scinetigraphy with endoscopic us
44
most accurate diagnostic test for chornic pancretits?
secretin stimulation testing
45
treatment for IBS
1) fiber 2) antispasmodic- hyoscyamine, dicyclomine 3) tricyclic antidepressants 4) antimotility 5) lubiprostone `
46
what drugs are used to wean of steroids in IBD?
azathiorpine 6 mercaptopurine
47
treatment for diverticulitis?
cipro + metro zosyn amoxicillin/clavulanate
48
causes of acute pancreatitis
trauma hypertriglyceridemia hypercalcemia
49
worst prognostic factor for acute pancreatitis?
low calcium
50
treatment for PBC & PSC
ursodeoxycholic acid
51
Increased chance of infection with these organism if have hemochromatosis
vibrio vulnificus, yersinia listeria
52
treatment for hemochromatosis
phlebotomy
53
side effects of interferon
arthralgia, depression, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
54
side effects of ribavirin
anemia
55
side effects of adefovir
renal dysfunction
56
antibody for autoimmune hepatitis
anti smooth muscle
57
most accurate test for wilsons
urine cooper excretion
58
long lasting diarrhe agents
cryptosporidium cyclospora, giardia
59
most significant environmental risk factor for pancreatic cancer
smoking

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