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1
Q

Abx for sinusitis?

A

1) Amoxicillin/clavulinic acid, Doxycycline, TMP/SMX

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2
Q

What is the organism that causes pneumonia as a complication of influenza?

A

S. aureus

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3
Q

What is treatment for CMV encephalitis?

A

IV ganciclovir +/- foscarnet

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4
Q

What sign is seen with Neisseria meningitidis?

A

petechial rash in lower extremities

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5
Q

ABX that is good at crossing BBB?

A

ceftriaxone

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6
Q

What test can be used to make initial diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis?

A

urine and serum polysaccharide antigen test

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7
Q

Signs seen with histoplasmosis?

A

fever, weight loss, hilar lympadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia

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8
Q

treatment for mild pulmonary histo?

A

supportive or itraconazole

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9
Q

Treatment for chronic cavitry lesions?

A

itraconazole for 1 year

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10
Q

Treatment for severe acute pulmonary disease or disseminated disease>

A

Lipsomoal aphotericine B x 14 days followerd by itraconazole x1 year

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11
Q

What are presentations of CMV>

A

CMV retinitis- retinal detachment (floaters)
GI and hepatobiliary involvement
CMV pneumonitis
CNS involvement

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12
Q

Treatment for CMV

A

ganciclovir

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13
Q

What will Labs show with MAC infections?

A

hypoalbuminemia
Increased serum alk phos
increased LDH
biopsy will shows foamy macrophages and acid fast bacilli

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14
Q

Treatment for MAC?

A

Clarithryomycin (1)

ethambutol +/- rifabutin is sexond line

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15
Q

Gram negative diplococci?

A

gonorrhea

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16
Q

What can disseminated disease for gonorrhea present with?

A

Monoarticular septic arthritis
tenosynovitis
hemorrhagic painful pustules

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17
Q

Treatment for gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone IM or cefixime PO

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18
Q

What is the acute illness that can result due to treatment of syphillis?

A

Jarisch Herheimer reaction- flu like

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19
Q

Described as a beefy red ulcer with a characteristic rolled edge of granulation tissue

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

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20
Q

What is treatment of klebsiella granulomatis

A

doxycycline or azithromycin

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21
Q

Treatment for pyelonephritis

A

fluroquinolones

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22
Q

Treatment for anthrax

A

ciprofloxacin or doxycycline

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23
Q

can you give doxycycline to preggos and childrens?

A

no

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24
Q

What is treatment for RMSF?

A

doxycylcine

or chloramphenicol

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25
What organisms cause otitis externa
pseudomonas and enterobacteriaciae
26
Is their pain when you tug on pinna in otitis externa
yes, no pain for otitis media
27
What is treament for lyme disease
doxycyline amoxicillin advanced disease- ceftraixone
28
fatigue, fever, sore throat, posterior , cervical lympadenopathy, bilateral upper eyelid edema
Infectious mononucleosis
29
predisposing factors for Infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus?
prosethic valves intravascular catheters implanted devices injection drug users
30
Predisposing factors for Infective endocarditis caused by viridans group streptococci?
dental procedures | incision or biopsy of respiratory tract
31
Predisposing factors for infective endocarditis caused by coagulase negative staphylococci?
intravascular catheters prostetic valves pacemakes or defibrillators
32
Predisposing factors for infective endocarditis caused by enterococci?
nosocomial urinary tract infections
33
predisposing factors for infective endocarditis caused by streptococcus bovis?
colon carcinoma chronic indwelling catheters prolonged antibiotic therapy
34
hospital acquired endocarditis associated with intravascular catheters?
Staphylococcus epidermidis ( coagulase neg)
35
What is the abx for bacillary angiomatosis?
erthromycin - gram negative bacillus
36
Streptococcus sanguinis | S. mitis, S. oralis, S. mutans, S. sobrinus. S milleri are all part of what group
Viridans group streptococci
37
healthcare associated endocarditis associated with nosocomial urinary tract infetions
enterococcus faecalis
38
aerobic, gram positive, partially acid fast branching rods tx?
norcardia | TMP-SMX
39
What region of brain do you see ring enhancing lesions in toxoplasmosis?
basal ganglia
40
Presence of EBV DNA in csf is characteristic of what condition
CNS lymphoma
41
PML lesions are non enhancing or enhancing
non enhancing
42
HIV positive with bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps
CMV
43
Reverse effects of warfarin
give FFP
44
sudden onse of sharply demarcated, erythematous, edematous, tender skin with raised borders in a febrile patient?
erysipelas- Group A streptococcus
45
arizona, california, fever, dry cough, weight loss, pleuritic chest pain, erytherma multifrome, erythema nodosum, arthralgias
cocccidiodomycosis
46
Abx for prophylaxis and treatment of infections caused by human bite
amoxicillin-clavulanate | - covers gram positive, gram negatives, anaerobes
47
What does clindamycin cover
gram positive and anaerobes
48
what does ciprofloxacin
gram negatives
49
Drug of choice for lyme in preggos and kids
amoxicillin
50
reddish nodule that later ulcerates and spread along the lymphatics forming subcutaneous nodules and ulcers
sporothrix schenckii
51
When do you give prophylaxis is HIV person for CMV
give ganciclovir if CD4 is less than 50 and CMV IgG is positive or positive biospy
52
Adverse effect of Nucleoside reverse trancriptase inhibitor as class
lactic acidosis
53
Adverse effect of Zidovudine (NRTI)
anemia
54
Adverse effect of didansosine(NRTI)
Pancreatitis and peripheral neuropathy
55
Adverse effect of Stavudine (NRTI)
pancreatitis and neuropathy
56
Adverse effect of Lamivudine
none
57
Adverse effect of Abacavir ( NRTI)
rash
58
Adverse effect of tenovair (NRTI)
Renal toxicity
59
Adverse effect of protease inhibitors as class
hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia
60
Adverse effect of indinavir (protease inhibitor)
Kidney stones | A
61
Adverse effects of NNRTIs as class
drowsiness - specfically efavirenz
62
Raltegravir, elvitegravir, and dolutegravir are what type of inhibitors
integrase inhibitors
63
treatment for needlestick
HAART for a month
64
why is ritonavir added if a protease inhibitors such as atazanavir or darunavir is used?
it inhibits hepatic p450 systems- route through which protease inhibitors are metabolized
65
which HIV medications is avoided in pregnancy
efavirenz-NNRT

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