GI

Question 1

Sialogagues

Answer 1

Promote salivation

Question 2

Anti-sialagues

Answer 2

Atropine

Question 3

Demulcents

Answer 3

Lubricate, soothe, protect

Question 4

Carminatives

Answer 4

reduce gas production and promote eructation, flatulence

Question 5

Histamine (H2) inhibitors

Answer 5

Ranitidine (Zantac)

Famotidine (Pepcid)

Question 6

H:K ATPase inhibitors

Answer 6

Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Pantoprazole (Protonix)
Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

Question 7

Coating Agents

Answer 7

Sucralfate (Carafate)

Question 8

Prokinetic agents

Answer 8

Cisapride

Question 9

What is a dopamine (D2) agonist that induces vomiting?

Answer 9

Apomorphine

Question 10

What is an adrenergic (a2) agonist that induces vomiting?

Answer 10

Xylazine

Dexmedetomidine

Question 11

What is an irritant that induces vomiting?

Answer 11

Hydrogen peroxide

Question 12

What anti-emetics are histamine (H1) inhibitors?

Answer 12

Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)

Promethazine (Phenergan)

Question 13

What antiemetics are adrenergic (a2) antagonists?

Answer 13

Prochlorperazine (Compazine, Darbazine)

Acepromazine

Question 14

What antiemetics are neurokinin (NK1) antagonists?

Answer 14

Maropitant (Cirenia)

Question 15

What antiemetic is an irritant?

Answer 15

Ginger

Question 16

What antiemetics are dopamine (D2, also 5HT3) antagonist?

Answer 16

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Question 17

What antiemetic is a seratonin (5HT3) antagonist?

Answer 17

Ondansetron (Zofran)

Question 18

What prokinetic drugs are mixed 5HT3 antagonists/5HT4 agonists?

Answer 18

Metoclopramide, Cisapride (Propulsid)

Question 19

What prokinetic drug is a motilin agonist?

Answer 19

Erythromycin

Question 20

What prokinetic drug is an anticholinesterase?

Answer 20

Ranitidine

Question 21

What anti-diarrheal drugs are opiod receptor agonists?

Answer 21

Diphenoxylate

Loperamide

Question 22

What inhibitor of small intestinal secretion is a prostaglandin and cAMP inhibitor?

Answer 22

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-bismol)

Question 23

What anti-diarrheal drugs are absorbents?

Answer 23

Kaolin
Attapulgite (Endosorb)
Dioctahedral smectite (Biosponge)
Activated charchol

Question 24

What antibiotics can be used prophylactically in the upper small intestine?

Answer 24

Gram positive
Gram negative
(Tetracycline, metronidazole, tylosin)

Question 25

What antibiotics can be used prophylactically in the lower intestine?

Answer 25

Gram negative | Enrofloxacin, metronidazole, tylosin

Question 26

What are two examples of probiotics?

Answer 26

``` Enterococcus faecium (Fortiflora) Bifidobacterium animalis (Prostora Max) ```

Question 27

What prebiotics are oligosaccharides?

Answer 27

FOS | soy

Question 28

What prebiotics are polysaccharides in soluble fiber?

Answer 28

Pectins | gums

Question 29

What prebiotic is mixed soluble and insoluble fibers?

Answer 29

Beet pulp

Question 30

Corticosteroids (Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive drugs)

Answer 30

Predisolone/predisone Dexamethasone Budesonide

Question 31

Purine & pyrimidine analogs/Alkylating agests (Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive drugs)

Answer 31

Azathioprine | Chlorambucil

Question 32

Other immunosuppressive agents

Answer 32

Cyclosporine Metronidazole Antibodies?

Question 33

Aminosalicylates (Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive drugs)

Answer 33

Sulfasalazine | Bismuth Subsalicylate

Question 34

n3 fatty acids (Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive drugs)

Answer 34

fish oil

Question 35

Osmotic agents (Laxatives)

Answer 35

``` Magnesium sulfate Polyethylene glycol (PEG) ```

Question 36

Bulk forming +/- osmotic agents | (Laxatives)

Answer 36

Insoluble and soluble fiber: psyllium, pumpkin | Indigestible sugars: lactulose

Question 37

Lubricants (Laxatives)

Answer 37

mineral oil | petrolatum

Question 38

Emolients (Laxatives and Purgatives)

Answer 38

dioctyl sodium succinate

Question 39

What is used to treat Dipylidium (tapeworms)?

Answer 39

Praziquantel

Question 40

What is used to treat Giardia?

Answer 40

Fenbendazole Febantel Metronidazole

Question 41

What is used to treat hookworms, roundworms, and whipworms?

Answer 41

``` Piperazine Fenbendazole Febantel Moxidectin Milbemycin Emodepside ```

Question 42

Appetite stimulants

Answer 42

Mirtazipine