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Peds Final 2 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

___ most common chronic childhood dz

A

dental caries

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2
Q

ex of complications of poor oral health

A

FTT
impaired speech development
impaired concentration
absence from school

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3
Q

___when primary teeth erupt

A

6mo

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4
Q

by age ___ children have all 20 primary teeth

A

2-3 yo

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5
Q

at age 5-6 ___ happens to teeth

A

start to loosen

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6
Q

permanent molars erupt around age..

A

6yo

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7
Q

every __months a child should get oral health risk assessments

A

every 6mo

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8
Q

4 main questions for infant oral health

A
  1. bottle in bed?
  2. water contain fluoride?
  3. pacifier or suck thumb?
  4. brushing infans teeth?
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9
Q

oral screening assess what 3 things

A

tooth decay
malocclusion
oral injury

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10
Q

malocclusion means..

A

abnormal alighment of upper and lower teeth

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11
Q

when should first dentist visit be?

A

w/in first 6 mo of eruption of first primary tooth

NO LATER than 12 mo

after that.. q6mo for life

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12
Q

when can infants have teeth brushed?

A

after teeth erupt use gentle brush to lift up

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13
Q

children under 3yo should brush with ___

A

a smear of fluoridated toothpaste

brush 2X per day

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14
Q

children 3-6yo should brush with

A

pea sized amount of fluoridated toothpaste BID

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15
Q

continue supervision until kids is…

A

8-10yo

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16
Q

__ is the best way to reduce risk for tooth decay

A

frequent exposure to small amounts of fluoride each day

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17
Q

3 benefits of fluoride

A

increased resistance to demineralization

enhanved reminerlatizion of early caries

reduced cariogenic activity of plaque

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18
Q

__ is most important source of prvt tooth decay

A

topical fluoride - via toothpaste or dental tx

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19
Q

___ enhances resistance to later acid dmineralization

A

Systemic ingestion of fluoride between 6mo and 19 yo

source: fluoridated water or fluoride supplements

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20
Q

__ % of esophageal oreign body are kids ages ____

A

80%

kids 6mo to 3yo

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21
Q

___% of foreign body ingestion in kids may be totally asymptomatic..

A

30% take hx carefully!

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22
Q

esophageal foreign bodies are more common in kids with ___

A

dev delays and psychiatric disorders

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23
Q

most common items ingested…

A

coins and small toys

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24
Q

choking, gagging, coughing

followed by

increased salivation, dysphagia, food refusal, emesis or pain

A

esophageal foreign bodies

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25
respiratory sx esophageal foreign body
stridor, wheezing, cyanosis, dyspnea
26
what films order for esophageal foreign bodies
Plain: AP and lateral of neck and chest AP of abdomen
27
key: coins are ___ on AP view and ___ on lateral films in the esophagus .. BUT ___ on AP and __ on lateral if in trachea.
Coins flat on AP, edge lateral film for esophagus BUT.. edge on AP and flat on lateral films in trachea
28
__hrs for battery induced mucosal injury
1hr
29
__hrs for battery induced all layer esophageal injury
4hr
30
Meckel diverticulum is a remnant of ...
omphalomesenteric duct or the vitelline duct
31
___is most common congential GI anomaly
Meckel diverticulum
32
def Meckel diverticulum
3-6 cm out pouching of ileum along the Ant mesenteric border 50-75 cm from ileocecal valve
33
when do sx of Meckel diverticulum appear?
in 1 or 2nd yo
34
painless rectal bleeding brick or currant jelly stool
Meckel diverticulum sx secondary to ectopic mucosa in diverticulum that ulcerates adjacent ileal mucosa
35
__ can act as lead pt for intussuception
Meckel diverticulum
36
dx meckels
Meckel radionuclide scan | mucus secreting cells take up the radionuclide = visualize
37
tx Meckel diverticulum
surgical excision
38
incomplete rotation of intestine during fetal dev
malrotation 1/6000 live births
39
__ present in 1st yr of life and over 50% in 1st mo
malrotation pts
40
most common sx of malrotation
vomiting | more than bilious emesis and bowel obstruction
41
presentation of malrotation in older infants
recurrent abdominal pain that mimics colic ..intermittent volvulus
42
adolescent with malrotation can present with..
acute intestinal obstruction or hx of recurrent abd pain
43
def malrotation volvulus
acute presentation of small bowel obstruction in a patient without previous hx of bowel surgery
44
what causes malrotation volvulus
small bowel twists around superior mesenteric artery leading to compromise of blood flow to bowel!
45
how to confirm malrotation volvulus?
contrast radiographic studies (UGI)
46
treat malrotation with
surgical bands / adhesions lysed
47
congenital aganglionic megacolon aka
hirschprung dz
48
def hirschprung dz
dev. disorder of enteric nervous system absent ganglion cells in submucosal and myenteric plexus
49
gender disparity for hirschprung dz
4 males : 1 remales for short segment dz as length increases gap narrows to 1:1
50
t/f 80% of hirschprung pts have dz limited to rectosigmoid region
true
51
neonate distended abdomen, failure to pass meconium, +/- bilious emesis chronic constipation enterocolitis: secondary to dilatation of the bowel ... bacterial proliveration
hirschprung dz
52
gold standard for hirschprung dz diagonosis
rectal suction biopsy look for presence of ganglion cells
53
additional diagnostics for hirschprung dz
contrast enema in kids over 1 mo look for abrupt transition zone between dilated proximal colon and obstructed distal aganglionic segment
54
tx hirshprung dz
Pull through procedure: bring normal innervated colon down to rectum
55
prognosis hirshprung dz
get stool continence but still have constipation, recurrent entercolitis, stricture, prolapse and fecal spoiling
56
milk and soy protein intolerance usually from..
cell mediated hypersensitivitieis IGE testing usually not helpful shows up in infancy
57
food protein indced enteriocolitis shows up..
1st several mo of life
58
sx food protein induced enteriocolitis
irritability, protracted vomiting, diarrhea vomiting occurs 1-3 hrs after eating if continued exposure --> abdominal distention, bloody diarrhea, anemia and failure to thrive
59
blood streaked stool in otherwise healthy infants
food protein induced proctocolitis in first few mo life
60
__% breast fed infant with have food protein induced proctocolitis
60
61
proctocolitis def
inflammation of rectum and colon
62
food protein induced enteropathy shows up in frist few mo with what sx
diarrhea, steatorrhea, poor weight gain protracted diarrhea, vomiting, FTT, distension, early satiety and malabsorption
63
ex of food protein induced enteropathy
cows milk sensitivity and celiac

Peds Final 2 (7 decks)

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