gi Flashcards
(74 cards)
1
Q
gingival hypertrophy
A
side effect of ca channel appearance
2
Q
bird beak appearance
A
achalasia
3
Q
grey turner and Cullen sign
A
acute pancreatitis
4
Q
murphys sign positive
A
cholecystitis (gallbladder)
5
Q
pale stools, jaundice and abdopain
A
biliary obstruction
6
Q
abdo distention, caput medusae and shifting dullness
A
portal HT and ascities
7
Q
pyoderma gangrenosum/ erythema nodosum
A
crohns /UC
8
Q
tinkling bowel sounds
A
bowel obstruction
9
Q
vesicular rash and weight loss
A
coeliac
10
Q
virchows node
A
(left supra clavicular) gastric cancer
11
Q
urea breath test
A
h pylori
12
Q
13c breath test
A
bacterial overgrowth
13
Q
rice water like stools
A
vibrio cholera
14
Q
AMA
A
primary biliary cirrhosis
15
Q
ASMA
A
autoimmune hepatitiis
16
Q
alpha feto protein assay
A
hepatocellular cancer
17
Q
cobblestone mucosa
A
crohns (deep fissuring ulceration of mucosa)
18
Q
diuretic for ascities
A
spironolactone
19
Q
corkscrew oesophagus on barium swallow
A
diffuse oesophageal spasm
20
Q
severe abdo pain and d after raw milk
A
campylobacter
21
Q
russel sign
A
self induced vomiting
22
Q
Mallory hyaline bodies
A
alcoholic liver disease
23
Q
crypt abscess
A
UC
24
Q
onion skinning fibrosis, beading of bile ducts
A
primary scleroising cholangitis
25
signet ring on biopsy
linitis plastic
| diffuse stomach cancer
26
thumb printing on xray commonly at splenic flexure
ischaemic colitis
27
charcots triat
fever jaundice and abdo pain
| acute cholangitis
28
causes ob abdo mass
```
AAA
crohns
hernia
enlarged organ
malignancy
intersusception
crypt
appendicitis
lymphadenopathy
```
29
pale stools, jaundice and abdopain
biliary obstruction
30
mouth disease in chrons
stomatitis gangrnosum
31
periumbilical pain going to right iliac fossa
acute pancreatitis
32
central abdo pain and expansile pulsatile mass
AAA
33
liver flap
encelopathy
34
leuconychia
hypoalbuminaemia
35
koilonichya amd angular stomatitis
iron deficiency anaemia
36
buccal pigmentation
PJ syndrome
37
glossitis
b12 deficiency
38
apthous ulceration
crohns/coeliac
39
craggy hepatomegaly
liver malignanxy
40
bronze and DM
haemochromatosis
41
ama +ve
primaru biliary cirrhosis
42
itch jaundice fatighue
primamry sclerosing cholangitis
43
ERCP
treatment of gallstones
44
investigations into jaundice
1st line US
improved view of liver: CT
improved view of biliary tree MRCP
45
achalasia
a condition in which the muscles of the lower part of the oesophagus fail to relax, preventing food from passing into the stomach.
46
underlying liver disease and haematemesis
oesophageal varices
associated with portal venous hypertension
terlipressin (vasoactive drug) + band ligation, TIPS if still bleeding (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt)
47
dyspepsia
heart burn
| antacids and PPI and weight loss
48
? burst ulcer
erect chest xray
49
what is cholelithiasis and how does it present and bloods and management
gallstones in bile duct
colicky RUQ pain, jaundice and itchy
inc ALP, GGT and bilirubin
ERCP
50
cholecystitis- what is it, presentation and management
```
inflammation of gallbladder due to gallstone blocking the cystic duct and can become infected
continuous RUQ pain
murphys sign +ve
US
cholecystectomy
```
51
how do you treat encelopathy
lactulosis
52
prevalence
no of cases present in a population / No. of persons with risk of having disease in the same population
53
incidence
No. of new cases of disease in a population No. of persons with risk of developing the disease in the same population
54
what is primary sclerosing cholangitis
```
idiopathic inflammatory condition, which affects the biliary tree resulting in multiple strictures and eventual cirrhosis.
80% have IBD
itchy and fatigued and pain
inc alk phos, inc bilirubin and inc ggt
mrcp and liver stransplant is only cure
```
55
what is biliary cirrhosis
same as primary biliary cholangitis. primarily affects women. fatigue and itchy.
AMA +ve
56
management of IBD
sulfasalazine
steroid: budesonide
immunosuppression- azathioprine
57
what IBD is smoking a RF
crohns
58
histolgical differences between crohns and UC
Crohns: cobblestone, skip lesions, transmural and surgery is curative
UC: rectum and extends proximal, never proximal of iliocaecal valve. crypt abscesses and pseudo polpys
59
difference in crohns and UC presentation
crohns: abdo pain
UC: blood and diarrhoea
60
urine and poo colour and cause of jaundice
normal urine and poo: prehepatic
dark urine and normal poo: hepatic
Dark urine and Pale stools: post hepatic
61
Bloods and associated jaundice
prehepatic jaundice: inc unconjugated
intrahepatic: inc unconjugated and inc conjugated and inc AST and ALT. Normal Alk phos and GGT
post hepatic; inc conjugated inc alk phos and GGT
62
cholestatic lft
bilirubin, alk phos and GGT
63
hepatocellular
bilirubin, ast and alt
64
true liver FT
albumin
prothrombin
bilirubin
65
Pancreatitis presentation and results
```
severe epigastric pain to back
absent bowel sounds
Cullen (bruising at umbilicu) and grey turner (bruising at flank)
results: amylase x3 normal and lipase
treat underlying cause
```
66
h pylori management
foecal antigen test
urease breath test and biopsy
amox and met and omeprazole
67
appendicitis presentation
RIF pain
worse on movement
rovsing sign: LLQ pain causes RLQ pain
68
diverticulitis
LIF pain
altered bowel habit
CT colongraphy
inc fibre
69
management of small bowel obs
drip and suck
70
ALT> AST
chronic liver disease
71
AST>ALD
cirrhosis, alcohol and LVD
72
coffee bean appearance
volvulus
73
hep b
c
d
e
b: IVDU/sex
c: IVDU/ Blood sex
D: only if had B
E: foecal/oral
B and C chronic
74
difference between pancreatitis and appendicitis presentation
pancreatitis: upper abdo pain that goes to back and may have oily stools
appendicitis: lower abdo pain that worsens with time and worse on movement
