GI Assessment

Question 1

Aspirin, anticoagulants.

Answer 1

pink to red to

black stool

Question 2

Iron salts

Answer 2

Black Stool

Question 3

Analgesics (opioids)

Answer 3

constipate

Question 4

Normal Bowel Movement

Answer 4

Soft formed bowel
movement every 1 to 3
days without discomfort

Question 5

Begin auscultation _________ and continue

__________ ending in LLQ.

Answer 5

RLQ, Clockwise

Question 6

• BS occur ________ per min.

Answer 6

5-30 times

Question 7

Higher pitch
⇑ tone, loudness,
frequency
⇑ Bowel Motility

Answer 7

Hyperactive bowel sounds

Question 8

Occurs: > 30/min

Answer 8

Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

Question 9

R/T Diarrhea, partial

bowel obstruction

Answer 9

Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

Question 10

Occurs: 1-4/min

Answer 10

Hypoactive Bowel Sounds

Question 11

Which GI organ’s primary function is
bowel elimination, reabsorbing water
and storing waste?

Answer 11

Large Intestine

Question 12

The process of bearing down to defecate and may

cause cardiac arrhythmia is called…

Answer 12

Valsalva Maneuver

Question 13

When assessing the Gastrointestinal System, we…

Answer 13

Inspect
Auscultate
Percussion
Palpation

Question 14

When we inspect the GI system, we observe for…

Answer 14

Observe contour,
color, symmetry,
distention of
abdomen ,
masses, scars

Question 15

When we auscultate the GI system, we listen for…

Answer 15

Listen for bowel
sounds:
frequency/
characteristics

Question 16

Percussion is used for __________ practice.

Answer 16

Advanced

Question 17

When the abdomen sounds dull, or creates a “thud” that means…

Answer 17

Fluid or mass.

Question 18

Normal abdominal percussion sounds sound like…

Answer 18

a drum, air like.

Question 19

When we palpate the GI system, we feel for…

Answer 19

Light vs Deep;

tenderness, distention, masses, organ enlargement

Question 20

When we assess the anus and rectum, we look for…

Answer 20

Stool characteristics, hemorrhoids, skin irritation, masses, lesions

Question 21

When assessing the anus and rectum, palpation is only used in…

Answer 21

advanced pratice

Question 22

When assessing stool characteristics, we look for…

Answer 22

Frequency
Volume
Color
Odor
Consistency
Shape
Constitutents

Question 23

What diagnostic tests would indicate the presence of micro-organisms in feces?

Answer 23

Stool culture

Question 24

Looks for blood in stool

Answer 24

Stool OB (occult blood)

Question 25

When we age, a decrease in digestive juices __________ nutrient absorbtion.

Answer 25

decreases.

Question 26

As we age, we have an increase in __________ + __________ .

Answer 26

Malnutrition + anemia

Question 27

the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward.

Answer 27

Peristalsis

Question 28

As we age, we have a decrease in ___________ + ___________ .

Answer 28

Peristalsis + abdominal muscle tone.

Question 29

As we age, peristalsis decreases, causing ___________ .

Answer 29

Constipation

Question 30

Normal Bowel Movement

Answer 30

Soft, formed, every 1-3 days

Question 31

Factors to assess for bowels

Answer 31

``` Usual bowel patterns Any aids to eliminate? Recent changes in bowel elimination? Problems with bowel elimination? Presence of artificial orifaces? (colostomy?) ```

Question 32

Causes of constipation?

Answer 32

Inactivity, Constipating Medications, Reduced fluids or fiber, laxative abuse, stress.

Question 33

Causes of diarrhea?

Answer 33

Bacteria/virus, too much laxative foods/meds, Food intolerance/allergies, Colon Disease, Stress

Question 34

Constipating foods?

Answer 34

cheese, pasta, lean | meat, eggs

Question 35

Foods with laxative effects?

Answer 35

fruits and vegetables, bran, | chocolate, alcohol, coffee

Question 36

Aspirin/anticoagulants cause...

Answer 36

pink to red to black stool

Question 37

Iron salts cause...

Answer 37

Black stool

Question 38

Gas producing foods

Answer 38

onions, cabbage, beans, | cauliflower

Question 39

Antacids cause...

Answer 39

white discoloration or | speckling in stool

Question 40

Antibiotics cause...

Answer 40

greengray color; diarrhea

Question 41

Analgesics/Opioids cause...

Answer 41

Constipation

Question 42

Recommended | food for an older adult who is constipated?

Answer 42

Fruit

Question 43

Factors promoting regular BM?

Answer 43

Timing, positioning, privacy, nutrition, exercise (abdominal/thigh strengthening)

Question 44

Normal bowel movement occurs every...

Answer 44

1-3 w/o discomfort

Question 45

Hypoactive bowel sounds...

Answer 45

-Quiet; infrequent -decreased tone, loudness, -frequency -decreased Bowel Motility -Occurs: 1-4/min -R/T Constipation, OR, late bowel obstruction,

Question 46

Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

Answer 46

``` Higher pitch Increased tone, loudness, frequency Increased Bowel Motility Occurs: > 30/min R/T Diarrhea, partial bowel obstruction ```

Question 47

Absent Bowel Sounds

Answer 47

``` No BS assessed Listen for 2-5 Minutes each quad R/T Peritonitis; Paralytic Ileus; Prolonged Immobility ```