gi development

Question 1

what is the most common congenital condition of the GI

Answer 1

Meckel’s diverticulum

Question 2

The ventral mesentary id derived from the

Answer 2

septum transversum

Question 3

spleen is formed by

Answer 3

mesoderm and forms in the dorsal mesentery

Question 4

The falciform ligament and lesser omentum are coposed of the

Answer 4

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments derived from the ventral mesentery

Question 5

gastrosplenic and lienorenal ligaments derived from

Answer 5

dorsal mesentery

Question 6

gallbladder develops from what bud?

Answer 6

liver bud

Question 7

midgut rotates —-degrees after herniating outside abdominal cavity

Answer 7

90 degrees

Question 8

urorectal septum divides the cloaca into

Answer 8

urogenital sinus and anorectal canal

Question 9

The midgut rotates counterclockwise how much initiating return to the abdominal cavity?

Answer 9

270 degrees

Question 10

the dorsal mesogastrium forms the

Answer 10

greater omentum

Question 11

the transverse mesocolon and two folds of the _____ fuse

Answer 11

greater omentum, as neonate

Question 12

hindgut stays connected to the ______

Answer 12

allantois

Question 13

midgut has a ________ mesentery

Answer 13

dorsal

Question 14

midgut doesn’t have a ventral mesentery but the _____gut does

Answer 14

foregut, with liver within it

Question 15

The lesser omentum part of the

Answer 15

ventral mesentery

Question 16

Foregut endoderm proliferates to form the ventral bud for

Answer 16

liver

gall bladder

pancreas

Question 17

Ventral mesentery forms the

Answer 17

falciform ligament and lesser omentum

Question 18

How does the ventral pancreas meet the dorsal pancreas?

Answer 18

the gut tube undergoes a little bit of apoptosis and the ventral pancreas moves posteriorly to join the dorsal pancreas

Question 19

Annular pancreas

Answer 19

poor feeding, vomiting,

defect in ventral pancreas

Polyhydramnios is risk

can restrict the 2nd duodenum

Question 20

Annular pancreas associated with what on CT also what conditions?

Answer 20

Double bubble sign

Down’s and pancreatitis

Question 21

what fibrous adult structure contains the obliterated umbilical vein?

Answer 21

Ligamentum teres hepatis

Question 22

Stomach is foregut so it has what mesenteries?

Answer 22

ventral and dorsal

Question 23

stomach rotates _____degree, resulting in the left vagus anterior and the right vagus posterior

Answer 23

90 degrees clockwise

Question 24

the posterior portion of the stomach forms the

Answer 24

greater curvature of the stomach

Question 25

ventral mesentery forms the _____omentum

Answer 25

lesser

Question 26

male, 2-6 weeks of life non-bilious projectile vomit signs of dehydration and malnutrition olive palpated dx and tx?

Answer 26

pyloric stenosis (atropine) anti-cholinergic to relax the pyloric muscle

Question 27

When the gut rotates, what happens to the second, third, and fourth portions of the pancreas?

Answer 27

they become secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 28

8% down syndrome early vomiting w/wo bile Imaging: gas in stomach and 1st portion of the duodenum (double bubble sign) polyhydramnios a risk factor dx and associated risks?

Answer 28

Duodenal atresia or stenoses heart defects esophageal atresia malrotation anorectal anomalies

Question 29

cephalic limb and caudal limb that lead up to the vitelline duct rotate:

Answer 29

90 degrees counterclockise

Question 30

Why is there an additional 180 degree counterclockwise rotation of the midgut?

Answer 30

i dn't know but total of 270 degree rotation

Question 31

Omphalocele

Answer 31

midgut doesn't return to the peritoneal cavity, sits within the umbilical cord

Question 32

Omphalocele associated conditions

Answer 32

cardiac anomalies neural tube defects

Question 33

Gastroschisis is a failure of the _________, maternal risks, and associated onciditons

Answer 33

abdominal wall mother who smokes, drinks 10% intestinal atresia risk of volvulus

Question 34

malrotation occurence

Answer 34

1/500

Question 35

Meckel's diverticulum attaches to the _______ and risk of _____

Answer 35

umbilicus intussesception was where the vitelline duct attached to the ileum

Question 36

Vitelline fistula would present with

Answer 36

fecal material out the umbilicus

Question 37

Meckel diverticulum 2rule of 2

Answer 37

2 inches long 2 feet proximal to the ileocecal junction 2% population 2 types of ectopic tissue (gastric and pancreatic) 2 symptoms: abdominal pain, blood in the stool before age of 2 2x more frequent in boys

Question 38

2 types of ectopic tissue in meckel's diversituclum?

Answer 38

gastric and pancreatic

Question 39

Hirschsprung Disease is a failure of what cells' failure to migrate around the developing intestines

Answer 39

neural crest cells

Question 40

abdominal distension and constipation before first birthday dx

Answer 40

Hirschsprung

Question 41

what is the histology of the anal canal above the pectinate line and where is it derived from?

Answer 41

columnar, hindgut endoderm | below: strat squam

Question 42

Where does blood drain into from the area above the dentate line?

Answer 42

the portal venous system

Question 43

What type of hemorrhoids would someone with portal htn get?

Answer 43

internal

Question 44

Imperforate anus doesn't connect to the

Answer 44

rectum

Question 45

urachus was the

Answer 45

fetal bladder

Question 46

direct hernias go medial to

Answer 46

medial to the inferior epigatric vessels | older men

Question 47

indirect hernias are lateral to the _______ and result with a patent ductus______. Can create a lateral _______Sign

Answer 47

inferior epigastric vessels ductus vaginalis lateral crescent sign

Question 48

what nerve passes through the superficial ring of the inguinal canal

Answer 48

ilioinguinal nerve

Question 49

T10 nerves go to

Answer 49

Umbilical

Question 50

T11 nerves

Answer 50

Upper hypogastric

Question 51

Ilioinguinal nerves and Iliohypogastric

Answer 51

L1

Question 52

Mcburney incision can hit what vessels?

Answer 52

inferior epigastric

Question 53

Meckel's diverticulum can also mimic what conditon

Answer 53

appendicitis

Question 54

what's in the periotoneal cavity?

Answer 54

fluid, no organs. just space

Question 55

What is the most depenent spot for fluid accumultation when laying down

Answer 55

Hepatorenal pouc

Question 56

most dependnet spot for woman

Answer 56

rectouterine pouchzzz

Question 57

how do yo access the omental bursa (the lesser sac that is inferior behind the stomach and sealed off by greater omentum?

Answer 57

foramen of winslow

Question 58

what intercostal space does the fundus reach?

Answer 58

5th

Question 59

common hiatal hernia

Answer 59

sliding, cardia up into LE