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Clinical Medicine III > GI: Diagnostic Studies > Flashcards

GI: Diagnostic Studies Flashcards

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1
Q

Which diagnostic should be ordered for these sxs?

abd. pain, N/V, distension

A

Abd. X-Ray

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2
Q

A patient presenting with the following can be evaluated with what study?

Obstruction
Ileus
Perf
Stool Burden
Ureteral Calculi
FB
A

abd. XR

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3
Q

What are the three views of abd XR?

A

Supine, Upright, PA CXR

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4
Q

Which abd XR view has the following characteristics…

  • assess dilated bowel
  • 1st test to eval abd. problems
A

Supine (aka KUB)

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5
Q

Which abd. XR view offers better visualization of air fluid levels?

A

Upright

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6
Q

Which abd. XR view visualizes free air under diaphragms to assess for perf?

A

PA CXR

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7
Q

The below two findings on abd XR indicate what?

dilated proximal bowel/collapsed distal bowel

air fluid levels

A

small bowel obstruction

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8
Q

What condition has the below features on abd XR?

no air-fluid levels

dilated bowel w. air in small intestine and colon

A

ileus

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9
Q

Free air outside of the bowel/pneumoperitoneum indicates…

A

perforation

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10
Q

XR is C/I in what two conditions?

A

radiation exposure

pregnancy

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11
Q

Abd. US can be ordered for a specific organ or…

A

region/quadrant

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12
Q

A patient presenting with the following can be assessed with what diagnostic imaging?

Abd. Pain (Epigastric, RUQ/LUQ)
elevated LFTs
Liver Disease
Stones
renal failure
AAA ( > 3cm)
A

Abd. US

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13
Q

The below liver conditions can be identified with what imaging modality?

cysts, abscess, tumor, steatosis, hepatitis, cirrhosis

A

US

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14
Q

The below gallbladder conditions can be assessed with what imaging modality?

tumors, polyps, stones, sludge, inflammation, dilated bile ducts

A

US

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15
Q

Possible US findings on pancreas (4)

A

cysts, abscess, tumor, inflammation

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16
Q

Possible US findings on kidney/bladder (5)

A

cysts, abscess, tumor, hydronephrosis, renal calculi

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17
Q

Initial test of choice for cholelithiasis…

A

RUQ/Gallbladder US

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18
Q

Assessment of what condition should not be done with contrast CT?

A

renal stone study

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19
Q

A patient presenting with the following is indicated for what imaging modality?

Abd. pain
Abd. distension
NV
Diarrhea
Constipation
Rectal Bleeding
Jaundice
A

CT Abdomen/Pelvis

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20
Q

Which imaging modality is the preferred study for pancreatitis?

A

CT

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21
Q

Diverticulitis can be assessed with what study?

A

CT

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22
Q

What can be seen on CT A/P in acute pancreatitis?

A

inflammation/swelling

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23
Q

What can be seen on CT A/P in chronic pancreatitis?

A

white calcifications

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24
Q

Patient presents with right flank pain and hematuria. What initial study should you order?

A

Non-contrast CT A/P

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25
The below are C/Is for what diagnostic study? ``` pregnancy unstable vitals morbid obesity allergy elevated Cr ```
CT A/P
26
What type of AKI can occur due to contrast CT?
acute tubular necrosis/intrinsic renal
27
Metformin must be held for 48 hrs after contrast administration to prevent what condition?
lactic acidosis
28
This test... -assess bile excreting function of liver and GB via IV radioactive tracer
HIDA scan
29
Interpret the following result of HIDA scan... - no radionuclide seen in GB w/in 15-60 min - ordered w/ CCK stimulation & EF < 35%
cholecystitis
30
HIDA scan showing no GB visualization can mean ______, which is present in what two conditions?
obstruction Cholecystitis, Acalculous cholecystitis
31
C/I for HIDA scan
pregnancy (radiation)
32
This series of studies are helpful in assessing luminal GI tract disorders and offer visualization by coating the GI mucosa...
barium studies
33
What are the 4 types of barium studies?
esophagram/barium swallow UGI SBFT (small bowel follow through) BE (barium enema)
34
which barium study visualizes the esophagus and the gastroesophageal junction?
esophagram/barium swallow
35
Which study has the following indications? ``` reflux sxs odynophagia dysphagia stricture assessment diverticula tumor hiatial hernia achalasia ```
Esophagram/barium swallow
36
which barium study visualizes the esophagus, stomach and 1st part of the duodenum?
UGI series
37
The below are indications for what diagnostic study? ``` GERD odynophagia dysphagia hiatial hernia early satiety peptic ulcer disease CA stricture/obstruction perforation ```
UGI
38
Barium can't be used with suspected perforation. What should be used instead?
Gastrografin
39
4 contraindications for UGI series...
pregnancy complete bowel obstruction suspected upper GI perf (use gastrografin) unstable vitals
40
SBFT stands for...
small bowel follow through
41
SBFT can visualize what 5 GI regions?
esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum
42
This diagnostic study... ``` assess peristalsis ID mucosal abnormality polups diverticula bowel wall thickening nodularity strictures obstruction ```
SBFT
43
SBFT uses what type of contrast on fluoro for visualization?
barium
44
SBFT is useful for evaluating what two conditions?
Crohn's Disease, small bowel tumors
45
Is a barium enema useful in colorectal cancer screening?
no
46
What study is indicated? change in bowel habit constipation diarrhea polyp/tumor assessment
barium enema
47
which test is useful in assessing the below conditions? ``` Extrinsic compression IBD perforation mass CA diverticula ```
barium enema
48
An apple core lesion and focal stricture are two findings on what study?
barium enema
49
4 contraindications to barium enema...
pregnancy megacolon perf unstable vitals
50
barium enema can cause what two complications?
perf | fecal impaction
51
This study has the following features... - direct visualization of UGI - conscious sedation - diagnostic and therapeutic
EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)
52
EGD should be used with caution in what patient population?
cardiopulmonary disease
53
Alarm sxs (dysphagia, weight loss, early satiety, bleed) are an indication for what study?
EGD
54
The below are indications for... ``` NV/pain dyspepsia chronic GERD IDA FB/food bolus esophageal varices abnormal UGI enteropathies ```
EGD
55
The below conditions can be identified with what study? ``` esophagitis barrett's esophagus strictures/webs/rings esophageal varices hiatial hernia tumors polyps ulcer celiac ```
EGD
56
Schatzki's ring can be found on EGD with what condition?
stricture
57
the below are contraindications of... ``` uncooperative pt bleeding esophageal diverticula perf recent UGI surgery ```
EGD
58
Esophageal diverticula during an EGD confers increased risk for...
perf
59
4 complications from EGD...
perf bleeding aspiration oversedation
60
ERCP stands for...
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
61
This is an invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that obtains radiographic visualization of bile and pancreatic ducts
ERCP
62
this procedure uses fiberoptic endoscope passed into duodenum with radiographic dye injectd to ducts for pancreobiliary visualization... It is performed with conscious sedation or anesthesia
ERCP
63
This is a diagnostic, but non-therapeutic and non-invasive procedure to visualize liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, pancreas and pancreatic ducts
MRCP
64
MRCP uses what for visualization?
magnetic resonance
65
What should be ordered first? MRCP or ERCP?
MRCP: non-invasive
66
The below are indications for... abd. pain weight loss obstructive jaundice investigation/tx of bile/pancreatic obstruction mass/choledocholithiasis/cholangitis
ERCP
67
What procedure can perform sphincterotomies, remove stones, place stents and obtain biopsy?
ERCP
68
Important complication of ERCP...
pancreatitis
69
2 C/I for ERCP...
uncooperative pt previous GI surg w/ inaccessible ampulla of vater
70
Colonoscopy provides direct optical visualization of what structures?
rectum, colon, terminal ileum
71
Flex sig is limited to...
rectum and sigmoid colon
72
gold standard for colorectal cancer screening...
colonoscopy
73
The below are indications for... ``` Abd pain change in bowel habits IDA hematochezia weight loss IBD sxs embolization of diverticula prior abnormal BE/CT FB removal volvulus decomp. CRC Screen ```
colonoscopy
74
What is a major contraindication of colonoscopy due to increased risk of perf?
active diverticulitis
75
What study? hepatobiliary disease cholelithiasis cholecystitis hepatic steatosis
abd. US
76
What study... pancreatitis, diverticulitis, appendicitis
CT Abd/Pelvis
77
CT consideration if evaluating nephrolithiasis?
non-contrast CT A/P
78
HIDA is used for...
biliary dysfunction
79
What study? luminal GI disorders
barium studies (esophagram, UGI, SBFT, Enema)
80
If suspected perf... what is used instead of barium?
gastrografin
81
What study? ``` esophagitis barrett's esophagus PUD Celiac CA ```
EGD
82
ERCP/MRCP are useful for...
pancreaticobiliary disorder
83
Complication for ERCP...
acute pancreatitis
84
What study? IBD, diverticulosis, colon CA
colonoscopy/flex sig
85
Colonoscopy C/I?
active diverticulitis

Clinical Medicine III (21 decks)

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