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Pharmacology > GI DRUGS > Flashcards

GI DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

List 4 -TIDINES, what class of drugs are these -TIDINES?

A

H2 blockers

(reversible)

“CFRN”-You have Cystic Fibrosis, go see an RN!

Cimetidine

Famotidine

Ranitidine

Nizatidine

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2
Q

Prokinetic Drug used for Colonic Pseudo-obstruction in hospitalized patients

A

Neostigmine

AchE Inhibitor

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3
Q

list 3 antacids

A

“A-M-C”

Al(OH)3

Mg(OH)2

CaCO3

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4
Q

The first-line regimen for eradication of H pylori should be

A

PPI plus clarithromycin, and either amoxicillin or metronidazole. (triple theraphy)

The recommended duration of treatment in the US is 14 days. International guidelines recommend 7-10 days. These treatments cure infection in > 95% of cases.

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5
Q

Whats the Quadruple therapy for H. Pylori?

A

a PPI, tetracycline and bismuth subsalicylate and metronidazole is also effective but more cumbersome.

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6
Q

AE of Mg(OH)2

A

•Mg(OH)2 → DIARRHEA-due to production of Mg2+ Salt which is very poorly absorbed.

its also an “osmotic agent” used as a LAXATIVE! makes sense!

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7
Q

what the MOA of Antacids?

A

They are Weak bases increase the pH of the stomach → PEPSIN INACTIVATION

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8
Q

Are antacids useful in the PREVENTION of GERD and can they heal erosive ulcers?

A

NOOOO!!! no to both.

Antacids remain an effective option for treating mild, infrequent heartburn

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9
Q

weak bases like _______have an increased absorption when taking antacids like

Al(OH)3

Mg(OH)2

CaCO3

A

Quinidine

“the Queen stands on a weak base when giving her speech, so people really absorb her message”

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10
Q

which Mucosal Protective Agents has the following AE’s

  • DIARRHEA, abdominal cramping & nausea
  • Abortifacient – induces uterine contractionsà CONTRAINDICATED IN PREGNANCY
  • Exacerbation of IBD
A

Misoprostol

PGE1 analogue

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11
Q

Unlike Antacids, which drugs ARE indicated for molid to mod infrequent GERD sxs?

A

H2 blockers

(reversible)

[-TIDINE]

Cimetidine

Famotidine

Ranitidine

Nizatidine

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12
Q

Name the 3 D2 Blockers (antiemetics)

A

“PPD”

Prochlorperazine

Promethazine

Droperidol

Are D2 and M blockers

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13
Q

In contrast to H2 antagonists ________inhibit both fasting and meal-stimulated acid secretion because they block the final common pathway of acid secretion: which is the ________ Standard doses of PPIs inhibit more than 90% of 24-hour acid secretion.

A

PPIs [-PRAZOLE}-first blank

Proton Pump inhibitor

Standard doses of PPIs inhibit more than 90% of 24-hour acid secretion.

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14
Q

Which is the drug that has the following characterists

  • Nearly 100% reduction in HCl in a single dose
  • Activated after transport into parietal cell [prodrug]

inhibits metabolism of:

•Warfarin

•Phenytoin

•Diazepam

•Cyclosporine

A

Omeprazole

PPIs

[-PRAZOLE}

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15
Q

weak Acids like _______have an decreased absorption when taking antacids like

Al(OH)3

Mg(OH)2

CaCO3

A

Warfarin

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16
Q

whats the (prodrug) that gets converted to (6-MP) 6- Mercaptopurine?

A

•Azathioprine

17
Q

How quickly do antacids start working adn how long do they last?

A

Antacids begin to provide relief of symptoms within 5 minutes but have a duration of effect of only 30 to 60 minutes.

SIDE NOTE: Because of their short duration of action and inability to heal erosive esophagitis, they are not an option for treating moderate to severe GERD.

18
Q

Which drug has the following characteristics:

•Acts on Motilin receptor of GI

-Indicated for: Gastric emptying before endoscopy

A

Erythromycin

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor [50S]

Macrolide ABx

19
Q

Which class of drugs has the following characteristics

  • used to promote healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers and to treat GERD, including erosive esophagitis.
  • approved as part of the combination therapy for eradication of H pylori infection.
  • are superior to H2 antagonists in the healing of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers.
  • are superior to H2 blockers for the control of gastric acid hypersecretion and are the DOC for controlling acid secretion in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

PPIs are generally well tolerated.

A
20
Q

List the

[-PRAZOLES}

A

PPIs

Omeprazole 


Esomeprazole

Lansoprazole

Rabeprazole

Pantoprazole

21
Q

•DOC for Chemotherapy induced nausea/vomiting [CINV]

A

Glucocorticoid Agonists

Dexamethasone

Methylprednisolone

22
Q

Due to their effectiveness as once a day therapy and rapid healing rates____ are usually the drugs of choice for NSAID-induced ulcers are gastric ulcers

A

PPIs

Omeprazole 


Esomeprazole

Lansoprazole

Rabeprazole

Pantoprazole

23
Q

AE of CaCO3

A

•CaCO3 → HYPERCALCEMIA, Nephrolithiasis & constipation → fecal impaction

24
Q

Prolonged use of which two drug classses used in the treatment of PUD → ↓ bioavailability of B12, Digoxin and Ketoconazole and also Sucralfate bc acid is required for absorption?

A

PPI and H2 blockers

25
Q

TIDINE that inhibits CYP450 and hasmany drug interactions with

“WIPPQBT”

  • Warfarin
  • Imipramine
  • Phenytoin
  • Procainamide
  • Quinidine
  • Benzos
  • Theophylline
A

Cimetdine

26
Q

AE of each of Al(OH)3

A

•Al(OH)3 → CONSTIPATION & Hypophosphatemia

27
Q

this drug class is effective in reducing nocturnal acid secretion (fasting) but only modestly effective in reducing meal-stimulated acid secretion

A

H2 blockers

(reversible)

[-TIDINES]

effective in reducing nocturnal acid secretion (fasting) which depends largely on histamine), but only modestly effective in reducing meal-stimulated acid secretion (which is stimulated by gastrin and acetylcholine, as well as by histamine)

28
Q

What are the potential renal adverse effects of NSAIDs?

A
  1. Decrease In Renal Blood Flow

NSAID-induced decreases in PGs may lead to sodium and water retention, edema, increased blood pressure, hyperkalemia, and acute renal failure.

  1. Analgesic Nephropathy

a condition in which chronic interstitial nephritis is caused by prolonged and excessive consumption of analgesics, particularly combinations of different agents.

Pharmacology (14 decks)

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