GI Drugs Flashcards by Lucy O’Kane

Q

Aluminium and magnesium hydroxide class

A

Antacid

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Q

Antacid mechanism of action

A

Gastric acid neutralisation

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Q

Antacid indication(s)

A

Dyspepsia, heartburn

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Q

Antacid adverse effect(s)

A

Nausea

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Q

Calcium carbonate class

A

Antacid

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Q

Sodium alginate with sodium bicarbonate class

A

Antacid + alginate

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Q

Antacid + alginate mechanism of action

A

Gastric acid neutralisation

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Q

Antacid + alginate indication(s)

A

Gastric reflux

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Q

Antacid + alginate adverse effect(s)

A

Abdominal distension

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Q

Ranitidine class

A

H2 receptor antagonist

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Q

H2 receptor agonist mechanism of action

A

Blockade of gastric H2 histamine receptors

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Q

H2 receptor agonist indication(s)

A

Stomach ulcers

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Q

H2 receptor agonist adverse effect(s)

A

Dizziness

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Q

Cimetidine class

A

H2 receptor antagonist

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Q

Omeprazole class

A

Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)

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Q

PPI mechanism of action

A

Blockade of stomach acid transporters

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Q

PPI indication(s)

A

Stomach and duodenal ulcers, gastric reflux

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Q

PPI adverse effect(s)

A

Headache, diarrhoea

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Q

PPI interaction(s)

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A

Warfarin

Q

Lansoprazole class

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A

Proton pump inhibitor

Q

Pancreatin class

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A

Pancreatic enzymes

Q

Pancreatin mechanism of action

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A

Restoration of pancreatic enzymes

Q

Pancreatin indication(s)

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A

Pancreatic insufficiency - cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis

Q

Methylcellulose class

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A

Bulk laxative

Bulk laxative mechanism of action

Water absorption in intestinal lumen to bulk stools

Bulk laxative indication(s)

Constipation

Isphagula husk class

Bulk laxative

Docusate class

Faecal softener

Faecal softener mechanism of action

Stimulates water and electrolyte secretion into intestinal lumen

Faecal softener indication(s)

Constipation

Arachis oil class

Faecal softener

Macrogol (PEG) class

Osmotic laxative

Osmotic laxative mechanism of action

Water retention in intestinal lumen

Osmotic laxative indication(s)

Constipation

Osmotic laxative adverse effect(s)

Stomach cramps

Osmotic laxative interaction(s)

Antiepileptics

Lactulose class

osmotic laxative

Magnesium sulphate, magnesium hydroxide class

osmotic laxative

Bisacodyl class

stimulant laxative

Stimulant laxative mechanism of action

increase intestinal motility

Stimulant laxative indication(s)

constipation

Stimulant laxative adverse effect(s)

nausea

Senna class

stimulant laxative

Loperamide class

opioid anti-motility agent

Opioid anti-motility agent mechanism of action

agonist for u-opioid receptors in myenteric plexus. Blocks intestinal muscarinic receptors

Loperamide indication(s)

diarrhoea

Codeine (GI) class

opioid anti-motility agent