GI Homework Qs

Question 1

A client who has returned from surgery reports feeling nauseated and later has an emesis. The nurse administers promethazine per standing orders. In addition to relief from nausea, what other effect of this medication does the nurse NOT expect?

A. Dry mouth
B. Sedation
C. Pinpoint pupils
D. Heart palpitations

Answer 1

*C. Pinpoint pupils

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a client who has nausea and a prescription for metoclopramide intermittent IV bolus every 4 hr as needed. The client asks the nurse how metoclopramide will relieve her nausea. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide?

A. “The medication relieves nausea by promoting gastric emptying.”

B. “The medication works by decreasing gastric acid secretions.”

C. “The medication relieves nausea by slowing peristalsis.”

D. “The medication works by relaxing gastric muscles.”

Answer 2

*A. “The medication relieves nausea by promoting gastric emptying.”

Question 3

A client is to receive metoclopramide intravenously 30 minutes before initiating chemotherapy for cancer of the colon. The nurse explains that metoclopramide is given for which purpose?

A. To stimulate production of gastrointestinal (GI) secretions
B. To stimulate peristalsis of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract
C. To prolong excretion of the chemotherapeutic medication
D. To increase absorption of the chemotherapeutic medication

Answer 3

*B. To stimulate peristalsis of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Question 4

The nurse is providing teaching to the client taking metoclopramide. Serious side effects that should be reported to the provider are included in the teaching plan. Which of the following side effects is the priority?

A. Involuntary muscle movements
B. Report of increased fatigue
C. Onset of headaches
D. Difficulty with sleep

Answer 4

*A. Involuntary muscle movements

Question 5

How can the nurse prevent vomiting in a client who begins to feel nauseated after cataract surgery?

A. Administer the prescribed antiemetic medication.
B. Provide some dry crackers for the client to eat.
C. Explain that this is expected after surgery.
D. Teach how to breathe deeply until the nausea subsides.

Answer 5

*A. Administer the prescribed antiemetic medication.

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and a new prescription for ondansetron to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

A. Headache

B. Dependent edema

C. Polyuria

D. Photosensitivity

Answer 6

*A. Headache

Question 7

A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, “I don’t need this medication. I am not constipated.” The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream?

A. Glucose

B. Ammonia

C. Potassium

D. Bicarbonate

Answer 7

*B. Ammonia

Question 8

Why would lactulose be prescribed for a client with a history of cirrhosis of the liver?

A. The desire to drink alcohol is decreased.
B. Diarrhea is controlled and prevented.
C. Elevated ammonia levels are lowered.
D. Abdominal distension secondary to ascites is decreased.

Answer 8

*C. Elevated ammonia levels are lowered.

Question 9

The nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. Which lab value will the nurse monitor to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the medication?

A. Glucose
B. Ammonia
C. Potassium
D. Bicarbonate

Answer 9

*B. Ammonia

Question 9

The nurse administers lactulose to a client with cirrhosis of the liver. Which laboratory test change leads the nurse to determine that the lactulose is effective?

A. Decreased amylase
B. Decreased ammonia
C. Increased potassium
D. Increased hemoglobin

Answer 9

*B. Decreased ammonia

Question 10

A client with cirrhosis of the liver asks the nurse about the purpose of taking lactulose. How should the nurse respond?

A. “It is used to control portal hypertension.”
B. “It adds dietary fiber to your diet.”
C. “It helps to regenerate your liver.”
D. “It helps to reduce ammonia levels in your blood.”

Answer 10

*D. “It helps to reduce ammonia levels in your blood.”

Question 11

In evaluating the effects of lactulose (Cephulac), which outcome would indicate that the drug is performing as intended?

A. An increase in urine output.
B. Two or three soft stools per day.
C. Watery, diarrhea stools.
D. Increased serum bilirubin.

Answer 11

*B. Two or three soft stools per day.

Question 12

A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis and a new prescription for lactulose. Which of the following manifestations indicates an adverse effect of the medication?

A. Dry mouth

B. Vomiting

C. Headache

D. Peripheral edema

Answer 12

*B. Vomiting

Question 13

Which statement is important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan of a client with irritable bowel syndrome who has instructions to take psyllium for constipation?

A. “Urine may be discolored.”
B. “Stop taking the laxative once a bowel movement occurs.”
C. “Each dose should be taken with a full glass of water or juice.”
D. “Daily use may inhibit the absorption of some fat-soluble vitamins.”

Answer 13

*C. “Each dose should be taken with a full glass of water or juice.”

Question 14

Which statement is important for the nurse to teach a client prescribed psyllium 3.5 g twice a day for constipation?

A. “Urine may be discolored.”
B. “Each dose should be taken with a full glass of water.”
C. “Use only when necessary because it can cause dependence.”
D. “Daily use may inhibit the absorption of some fat-soluble vitamins.”

Answer 14

*B. “Each dose should be taken with a full glass of water.”

Question 15

The nurse in the primary care office is following up with a client who has been experiencing frequent constipation. Which statement by the client about using psyllium indicates that additional teaching is needed?

A. “I will take it in the morning with lots of water.”
B. “I will only take it until my constipation is relieved.”
C. “I will take it together with my other medications.”
D. “I may notice some bloating while I am taking it.”

Answer 15

*C. “I will take it together with my other medications.”

Question 16

Which action is responsible for the therapeutic effect of docusate sodium?

A. Lubricates the feces
B. Creates an osmotic effect
C. Stimulates motor activity
D. Softens the feces

Answer 16

*D. Softens the feces

Question 17

A client has had a recent brain attack (cerebrovascular accident/stroke). Which preventative would the nurse anticipate will be prescribed daily to avoid straining due to constipation?

A. Stimulant laxatives such as bisacodyl
B. Tap-water enemas
C. Stool softener
D. Saline laxatives such as magnesium citrate

Answer 17

*C. Stool softener

Question 18

Which potential side effect of docusate sodium would a nurse include in discharge teaching of a client who had repair of an inguinal hernia?

A. Rectal bleeding
B. Fecal impaction
C. Nausea and vomiting
D. Mild abdominal cramping

Answer 18

*D. Mild abdominal cramping

Question 19

The nurse is administering docusate sodium to a postpartum client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the medication teaching?

A. This medication will help with your uterine cramping
B. Breastfeeding is contraindicated while taking this medication
C. Report to the healthcare provider if you experience diarrhea
D. This medication lowers your risk of hemorrhage

Answer 19

*C. Report to the healthcare provider if you experience diarrhea

Question 20

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who takes opioid pain medication and has a new prescription for docusate sodium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. “It might take up to 3 days for the medication to work.”

B. “I will take the medication for diarrhea.”

C. “I should drink 4 ounces of water when I take the medication.”

D. “I can take this medication along with mineral oil.”

Answer 20

*A. “It might take up to 3 days for the medication to work.”

Question 21

A health care provider prescribes bisacodyl for a client with constipation. The nurse explains to the client that this medication acts by which mechanism?

A. Producing bulk
B. Softening feces
C. Lubricating feces
D. Stimulating peristalsis

Answer 21

*D. Stimulating peristalsis

Question 22

A client is scheduled for discharge after surgery. The medical record indicates that the client has not had a bowel movement since before surgery, which was 4 days ago. Which prescribed medication will the nurse administer to ensure a bowel movement before discharge?

A. Lactulose
B. Docusate sodium
C. Bisacodyl suppository
D. Psyllium

Answer 22

*C. Bisacodyl suppository

Question 23

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports taking bisacodyl tablets daily. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A. “Irregular bowel movements are an indication of poor intestinal health.”

B. “Excessive laxative use may cause an electrolyte imbalance.”

C. “Chronic use of laxatives can lead to a tear in the rectal mucosa.”

D. “Decrease your intake of foods high in fiber.”

Answer 23

*B. “Excessive laxative use may cause an electrolyte imbalance.”

Question 24

A nurse is caring for a client who reports taking bisacodyl to promote a daily bowel movement. Which of the following assessments should be the nurse's priority? A. "What do your bowel movements look like?" B. "How long have you been taking the bisacodyl?" C. "Do you take the bisacodyl with a glass of milk?" D. "How often do you have a bowel movement?"

Answer 24

*B. "How long have you been taking the bisacodyl?"

Question 25

Which antidiarrheal agent should be used with caution in clients taking high dosages of aspirin for arthritis? A. Loperamide (Imodium). B. Probanthine (Propantheline). C. Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol). D. Diphenoxylate hydrochloride with atropine (Lomotil).

Answer 25

*C. Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol).

Question 26

A client calls the clinic and states to the triage nurse: "I had an upset stomach and took Pepto-Bismol and now my tongue looks black. What’s happening to me?" What would be the nurse’s best response? A. "This is a common and temporary side effect of this medication." B. "How long have you had an upset stomach?" C. "Come to the clinic so you can be seen by the health care provider." D. "Are your stools also black?"

Answer 26

A. "This is a common and temporary side effect of this medication."

Question 27

Which antidiarrheal medication would the nurse anticipate administering to a client with severe diarrhea who is prescribed intravenous fluids, sodium bicarbonate, and an antidiarrheal medication? A. Psyllium B. Bisacodyl C. Loperamide D. Docusate sodium

Answer 27

*C. Loperamide

Question 28

The nurse is collecting the health history of a client with heart disease who reports experiencing episodes of diarrhea. The client reports taking loperamide at home. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? A. Taking this medication may increase your risk of an abnormal heart rhythm B. It is safe to drink alcohol while using this medication C. Using this medication may cause dependence D. Stop taking this medication if your symptoms do not improve by tomorrow

Answer 28

*A. Taking this medication may increase your risk of an abnormal heart rhythm

Question 29

A nurse is taking a health history of a client who reports occasionally taking several over-the-counter medications, including an H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA). Which of the following outcomes indicates the H2RA is therapeutic? A. Relief of heartburn B. Cessation of diarrhea C. Passage of flatus D. Absence of constipation

Answer 29

*A. Relief of heartburn

Question 30

A health care provider prescribes oral antacids and intravenous ranitidine for a client with burns and crushing injuries caused by an accident. The client asks how these medications work. Which explanation would the nurse provide? A. 'These medications work together to decrease bowel irritability.' B. 'They limit acidity in the gastrointestinal tract.' C. 'They are very effective in clients with multiple trauma.' D. 'These medications decrease nausea and vomiting.'

Answer 30

*B. 'They limit acidity in the gastrointestinal tract.'

Question 31

A health care provider prescribes famotidine for a client with dyspepsia. Which statement is important to include in a teaching session about famotidine? A. Lowers the stress level B. Neutralizes gastric acidity C. Reduces gastrointestinal peristalsis D. Decreases secretions in the stomach

Answer 31

*D. Decreases secretions in the stomach

Question 32

Famotidine is prescribed for a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which mechanism of action is a characteristic of this medication? A. Increases gastric motility B. Neutralizes gastric acidity C. Facilitates histamine release D. Inhibits gastric acid secretion

Answer 32

*D. Inhibits gastric acid secretion

Question 33

The nurse is providing medication teaching for a client prescribed famotidine for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. I will take this medication once a day in the morning B. I will no longer have discomfort at night once I begin this medication C. This medication will both prevent and treat heartburn D. My treatment will be done in one week

Answer 33

*C. This medication will both prevent and treat heartburn

Question 34

Which mechanism is specifically responsible for the action of the medication ranitidine? A. Inhibiting proton pumps B. Promoting the release of gastrin C. Regenerating the gastric mucosa D. Inhibiting the histamine at H2 receptors

Answer 34

*D. Inhibiting the histamine at H2 receptors

Question 35

Which information would the nurse include when teaching a client about the administration of ranitidine? A. Ranitidine increases gastrointestinal peristalsis. B. Ranitidine reduces gastric acidity in the stomach. C. Ranitidine neutralizes the acid that is present in the stomach. D. Ranitidine stops the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

Answer 35

*B. Ranitidine reduces gastric acidity in the stomach.

Question 36

Which nursing intervention would prevent stimulation of the pancreas in a client with acute pancreatitis? A. Maintain the gastric pH at a level of less than 3.5. B. Encourage the resumption of activities of daily living. C. Administer the histamine H2-receptor antagonist as prescribed. D. Ensure that the nasogastric tube remains in the fundus of the stomach.

Answer 36

*C. Administer the histamine H2-receptor antagonist as prescribed.

Question 37

The nurse is administering a histamine H2 antagonist to a client who has extensive burns. Which complication will it prevent? A. Colitis B. Gastritis C. Stress ulcer D. Metabolic acidosis

Answer 37

*C. Stress ulcer

Question 38

The nurse administers cimetidine to a 75-year-old client diagnosed with a gastric ulcer. The nurse should monitor the client for which adverse reaction? A. Mental status change B. Increased liver enzymes C. Constipation D. Hearing loss

Answer 38

*A. Mental status change

Question 39

A nurse administers cimetidine to a 79-year-old male with a gastric ulcer. Which parameter may be affected by this drug and should be closely monitored by the nurse? A. Blood pressure B. Liver enzymes C. Mental status D. Hemoglobin

Answer 39

*C. Mental status

Question 40

The nurse is counseling a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who has been taking prescribed famotidine for two days. Which statement would require immediate follow up by a healthcare provider? A. I take digoxin for my heart failure. B. I use calcium carbonate if I have symptoms after meals. C. I use alendronate for my osteoporosis. D. I’m still having some symptoms of heartburn.

Answer 40

*A. I take digoxin for my heart failure.

Question 41

Which administration instruction would the nurse give a client prescribed ranitidine 150 mg daily to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD)? A. As needed B. With meals C. At bedtime D. Before meals

Answer 41

*C. At bedtime

Question 42

A health care provider prescribes bed rest, loperamide, and esomeprazole for a client who just had major surgery. After several days of this regimen, the client complains of diarrhea. Which treatment strategy would the nurse conclude is the cause of the diarrhea? A. Loperamide B. Esomeprazole C. Bed rest D. Diet alteration

Answer 42

*B. Esomeprazole

Question 43

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease and a new prescription for omeprazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide? A. Take NSAIDs if headaches occur. B. Decrease intake of vitamin D. C. Expect muscle cramps for several weeks. D. Report diarrhea to the provider.

Answer 43

*D. Report diarrhea to the provider.

Question 44

A client prescribed omeprazole for gastroesophageal reflux disease reports a new occurrence of significant diarrhea. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. 'Stop taking your omeprazole.' B. 'This is a normal side effect of omeprazole.' C. 'We are going to collect a stool sample for testing.' D. 'Antidiarrheal medication can be used to decrease this.'

Answer 44

*C. 'We are going to collect a stool sample for testing.'

Question 45

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for esomeprazole to manage his GERD. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I won’t pass gas as often now that I am taking this medication." B. "I will take this medication each morning with my breakfast." C. "I have an increased risk of getting pneumonia while taking this medication." D. "I will need to take a daily stool softener while taking this medication."

Answer 45

*C. "I have an increased risk of getting pneumonia while taking this medication."

Question 46

The nurse is assessing a client who began taking omeprazole a month ago. Which finding by the nurse indicates that the drug has had the desired effect? A. Blood pressure readings are lower B. Feelings of depression are not as severe C. Chronic pain level is markedly decreased D. Heartburn discomfort is lessened

Answer 46

*D. Heartburn discomfort is lessened

Question 47

Which condition is treated with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)? A. Diarrhea B. Vomiting C. Cardiac dysrhythmias D. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Answer 47

*D. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Question 48

A client is prescribed lansoprazole 15 mg PO once a day. At which of the following times should the nurse administer the medication? A. Thirty minutes after lunch B. With a bedtime snack C. Thirty minutes before breakfast D. During the evening meal

Answer 48

*C. Thirty minutes before breakfast

Question 49

A nurse is administering sucralfate to a client who has a gastric ulcer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Instruct the client to chew the sucralfate for fasting absorption. B. Administer the medication without food or fluids. C. Limit the client's fluids while on sucralfate therapy. D. Administer sucralfate with an antacid.

Answer 49

*B. Administer the medication without food or fluids.

Question 50

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and a new prescription for sucralfate tablets. Which of the following information should the nurse provide? A. "An antacid may be taken with the medication if indigestion occurs." B. "Take sucralfate 1 hr before meals." C. "Take the tablets whole." D. "Store sucralfate in the refrigerator."

Answer 50

*B. "Take sucralfate 1 hr before meals."

Question 51

Which information would be included in the teaching plan for the older adult client with peptic ulcer disease who is taking an antacid and sucralfate? A. Antacids should be taken 30 minutes before a meal. B. Sucralfate should be taken on an empty stomach 1 hour before meals. C. Sucralfate is prescribed for the long-term maintenance of peptic ulcer disease. D. Sodium bicarbonate is an inexpensive over-the-counter antacid with few adverse effects.

Answer 51

*B. Sucralfate should be taken on an empty stomach 1 hour before meals.

Question 52

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking sucralfate. Which of the following outcomes indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication? A. Alleviate Helicobacter pylori B. Relief of gastrointestinal pain C. Prevention of opportunistic infections D. Improvement of impaired vision

Answer 52

*B. Relief of gastrointestinal pain

Question 53

Which medication for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease would be contraindicated in the pregnant client? A. Ranitidine B. Misoprostol C. Esomeprazole D. Calcium carbonate

Answer 53

*B. Misoprostol

Question 54

A female client with rheumatoid arthritis takes ibuprofen (Motrin) 600 mg PO 4 times a day. To prevent gastrointestinal bleeding, misoprostol (Cytotec) 100 mcg PO is prescribed. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in client teaching? A. Use contraception during intercourse. B. Ensure the Cytotec is taken on an empty stomach. C. Encourage oral fluid intake to prevent constipation. D. Take Cytotec 30 minutes prior to Motrin.

Answer 54

*A. Use contraception during intercourse.

Question 55

Which statement by a client who has a gastric ulcer and asks what to do if epigastric pain occurs indicates that teaching was effective? A. "Eliminating fluids with meals will prevent pain." B. "I will increase my food intake to avoid an empty stomach." C. "Taking an aspirin with milk will relieve my pain and coat my ulcer." D. "Taking an antacid preparation will decrease pain due to gastric acid."

Answer 55

*D. "Taking an antacid preparation will decrease pain due to gastric acid."

Question 56

Which statement indicates that a client understands how to take antacids appropriately? A. "I will take this antacid at the onset of pain." B. "I will take this antacid 30 minutes to 2 hours after meals." C. "I will take this antacid every 4 hours around the clock." D. "I will take this antacid each time I have something to eat."

Answer 56

*B. "I will take this antacid 30 minutes to 2 hours after meals."

Question 57

Which information would the nurse include when teaching a client about antacid tablets? A. "Take them at 4-hour intervals." B. "Take them 1 hour before meals." C. "They are as effective as the liquid forms." D. "They interfere with the absorption of other medications."

Answer 57

*D. "They interfere with the absorption of other medications."

Question 58

A client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is being treated with antacid therapy. When teaching the client about the antacids, which information would the nurse reinforce? A. Antacids should be taken 1 hour before meals. B. These should be scheduled at 4-hour intervals. C. Antacid tablets are just as fast and effective as the liquid form. D. Antacids commonly interfere with the absorption of other medications.

Answer 58

*D. Antacids commonly interfere with the absorption of other medications.

Question 59

A nurse is talking to a client who is taking a calcium supplement for osteoporosis. The client tells the nurse she is experiencing flank pain. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse suspect? A. Hepatitis B. Peptic ulcer fracture C. Renal stones D. Pancreatitis

Answer 59

*C. Renal stones

Question 60

A nurse is caring for a client who has osteoporosis and takes a daily calcium supplement. Which of the following adverse effects of calcium should the nurse suspect when the client reports having flank pain? A. Hepatitis B. Hip fracture C. Renal stones D. Pancreatitis

Answer 60

*C. Renal stones

Question 61

Which effect may be experienced by a client who reports frequently taking calcium carbonate? A. Diarrhea B. Water retention C. Rebound hyperacidity D. Bone demineralization

Answer 61

*C. Rebound hyperacidity

Question 62

A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using over-the-counter calcium carbonate antacid. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make about taking this medication? A. Decrease bulk in the diet to counteract the adverse effect of diarrhea. B. Take the medication with dairy products to increase absorption. C. Reduce sodium intake. D. Drink a glass of water after taking the medication.

Answer 62

*D. Drink a glass of water after taking the medication.

Question 63

A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) and states she has heartburn. The provider prescribes aluminum hydroxide. The client asks, "Why can't I just take the antacid magaldrate (aluminum & magnesium antacid) my husband has at home?" The nurse explains to the client that aluminum hydroxide is the preferred antacid because it lowers which of the following? A. Serum phosphorus levels B. Serum potassium levels C. Serum magnesium levels D. Serum calcium levels

Answer 63

*A. Serum phosphorus levels

Question 64

Which mechanism of action explains how aluminum hydroxide decreases serum phosphorus? A. Binding with phosphorus in the intestine B. Promoting excretion of phosphorus C. Promoting excretion of excessive urinary phosphates D. Dissolving stones as they pass through the urinary tract

Answer 64

*A. Binding with phosphorus in the intestine

Question 65

The nurse is educating a client with end-stage renal failure about newly prescribed aluminum hydroxide. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching? A. “This medication binds with phosphates from food to decrease absorption.” B. “This medication is used to decrease urea to prevent urticaria.” C. “This medication will coat the lining of the stomach to decrease acid production.” D. “This medication treats hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium for potassium in the intestines.”

Answer 65

*A. “This medication binds with phosphates from food to decrease absorption.”

Question 66

The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client with chronic kidney disease about the prescribed aluminum hydroxide. Which is the best statement by the nurse about this medication? A. "It decreases phosphate levels." B. "It increases urine output." C. "It reduces potassium levels." D. "It controls stomach acid secretions."

Answer 66

*A. "It decreases phosphate levels."

Question 67

The nurse is teaching a client with chronic renal failure about their medications. The client questions the purpose of taking aluminum hydroxide. How should the nurse respond? A. "It increases your urine output." B. "It decreases your blood's phosphate levels." C. "It is taken to control gastric acid secretions." D. "It will reduce your blood's calcium levels."

Answer 67

*B. "It decreases your blood's phosphate levels."

Question 68

Which advantage does aluminum and magnesium hydroxide have over baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) for the treatment of heartburn? A. They can be used for short-term relief. B. Absorption by the stomach mucosa is markedly enhanced. C. There is no direct effect on the systemic acid–base balance when taken as directed. D. Fewer side effects, such as diarrhea or constipation, are experienced when they are used properly.

Answer 68

*C. There is no direct effect on the systemic acid–base balance when taken as directed.

Question 69

A client is prescribed aluminum hydroxide for peptic ulcer disease. Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of the action of the medication? A. It decreases the production of gastric secretions. B. It produces an adherent barrier over the ulcer. C. It helps maintain a gastric pH of 3.5 or above. D. It slows down the gastric motor activity.

Answer 69

*C. It helps maintain a gastric pH of 3.5 or above.

Question 70

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has renal failure and an elevated phosphorous level. The provider instructed the client to take aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client? A. Constipation B. Metallic taste C. Headache D. Muscle spasms

Answer 70

*A. Constipation

Question 71

How does sodium biphosphate, prescribed for a client before a colonoscopy, accomplish its therapeutic effect? A. Irritates the intestinal mucosa B. Provides water-absorbing bulk C. Softens stool by exerting a detergent effect D. Increases osmotic pressure in the intestines

Answer 71

*D. Increases osmotic pressure in the intestines

Question 72

A client with advanced liver disease has been taking rifaximin. Which assessment finding would indicate that the medication is being effective? A. Less jaundice B. Increased appetite C. Less confusion D. Less edema

Answer 72

*C. Less confusion

Question 73

The nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with the parent of a 3-year-old client who was admitted for poisoning after ingesting cherry-flavored acetaminophen. Which statement by the parent would require follow up by the nurse? A. “I should use non-flavored medications.” B. “I will reach out to the poison control center if this happens again.” C. “I will use ipecac syrup to induce vomiting.” D. “I will have all medications in a locked cabinet.”

Answer 73

*C. “I will use ipecac syrup to induce vomiting.”

Question 74

A nurse in a substance abuse clinic is assessing a client who recently started taking disulfiram. The client reports having discontinued the medication after experiencing severe nausea and vomiting. Which of the following reasons should the nurse suspect to be a likely cause of the client's distress? A. The client demonstrated an allergic response to the medication. B. The client experienced a common side effect to the medication. C. The client consumed alcohol while taking the medication. D. The client took an overdose of the medication.

Answer 74

*C. The client consumed alcohol while taking the medication.

Question 75

A nurse is providing instructions about bowel cleansing with polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution (PEG) for a client who is going to have a colonoscopy. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A. "To prevent dehydration, drink an additional liter of fluid during preparation time." B. "Expect bowel movements to begin 3 hr following completion of solution." C. "Abdominal bloating might occur." D. "Drink 400 mL every hour until bowel movements are clear."

Answer 75

*C. "Abdominal bloating might occur."

Question 76

A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of a small bowel obstruction. The nurse should withhold which of the following medications? A. Senna B. Ibuprofen C. Omeprazole D. Zolpidem

Answer 76

*A. Senna

Question 77

The nurse is reviewing a plan of care for a client who was admitted with dehydration as a result of prolonged watery diarrhea. Which new prescription will the nurse question? A. Oral psyllium B. Oral potassium supplement C. Intravenous normal saline D. Magnesium citrate

Answer 77

*D. Magnesium citrate

Question 78

The nurse gave a client the prescribed sodium polystyrene sulfonate. Which assessment finding indicates that the medication has been effective? A. Control of diarrhea B. An increase in serum sodium level C. An increase in serum calcium level D. A decrease in serum potassium level

Answer 78

*D. A decrease in serum potassium level