GI Immunology-Clarke

Question 1

What cells are responsible for Immune tolerance?

Answer 1

Treg (TH17)

Question 2

What type of T cells are predominant in the central immune system?

Answer 2

TH1

Question 3

What type of T cells are predominant in the surface/barrier immune system?

Answer 3

TH2

Question 4

Antibody in central immune system?

Answer 4

IgG

Question 5

Antibody in Mucosa?

Answer 5

IgA

Question 6

What 2 locations of the bowel have germinal centers?

Answer 6

Peyer’s Patches

Mesenteric Lymph nodes

Question 7

What type of response occurs in germinal center?

Answer 7

Cell-mediated, humoral response

Question 8

*What attracts CD8+ T cells to the villi of the upper small intestine?

Answer 8

B7 integrin

Question 9

*What is the ligand for B7 on effector T cells?

Answer 9

MADCAM1 ….a selectin

Question 10

What type of cell is found in Peyer’s patches that detects antigen and pulls it into the epithelium?

Answer 10

M cells

Question 11

Paneth cells have a lot of ___________ which leads to the production of Defensin.

Answer 11

NOD2

Question 12

What transcription factor controls ALL inflammatory responses?

Answer 12

NFKB

Question 13

What PAMP binds TLR4?

Answer 13

LPS (gram-)

Question 14

***What type of T cells are mostly present in the top of the small intestine?
Which MHC do they recognize?

Answer 14

CD8+ cytotoxic T cells

MHC I

Question 15

***What type of T cells predominate in the lamina propria?

Which MHC do they recognize?

Answer 15

CD4+ T cells

MHC II

Question 16

Describe what happens when M cells detect antigen.

Answer 16

They mediate antigen transfer from gut lumen…dendritic cells pick up the material and display it to T cells…T cells help direct the type of antibody that a B cell will develop…Usually IgA or IgM

Question 17

What enzymes do Paneth cells contain that block entryy of an antigen?

Answer 17

Lysozyme, PLA2

Question 18

What cells take up oral vaccines?

Answer 18

M cells !

Question 19

What is produced by ALL cells that leads to an increase in MHC I expression?

Answer 19

IFN Type I

Question 20

Where does antibody produced in mesenteric lymph nodes go?

Answer 20

OPEN CIRCULATION

AKA everywhere

Question 21

How do neutrophils directly kill pathogens?

Answer 21

ROS

Question 22

Which antibody leads to expulsion of parasites? Where is it made?

Answer 22

IgE

Made in mesenteric lymph nodes

Question 23

What does TLR2 detect?

Answer 23

Gram + bacteria

Question 24

What IL regulates Treg cells?

Answer 24

IL-10

Question 25

***T cells of acute inflammation?
Interferon?
Type of macrophage?
Type of Antibody?

Answer 25

TH1
IFN-gamma
M1 macrophage
IgG and sIgA

Question 26

***T cells of chronic inflammation?
Interleukins?
Type of macrophage?
Antibody?

Answer 26

Th2, Th17
IL-4, IL-7
M-2 macrophage
IgE

Question 27

***CTL cells…acute or chronic inflammation?

Answer 27

Acute

Question 28

***NK cells…acute or chronic inflammation?

Answer 28

Acute

Question 29

***Eosinophils…acute or chronic inflammation?

Answer 29

Chronic

Question 30

***Basophils…acute or chronic inflammation?

Answer 30

Chronic

Question 31

***What allows Salmonella to poke a hole in epithelial cells?

Answer 31

T3SS (Type 3 secretion system)

Question 32

** What do macrophages secrete in response to Salmonella to activate cytotoxic T cells?

Answer 32

IFN-gamma

IL-2

Question 33

***What cytokines are produced in response to Salmonella?

What cells come in?

Answer 33

IL-12, IL-18

Neutrophils

Question 34

***What 4 mediators cause the bulk of inflammation in response to Salmonella?

Answer 34

IL-1Beta
TNFalpha
CCL8
FasL

Question 35

***What do macrophages secrete to induce Th1 cells?

Answer 35

IFN-gamma