G.I. Module 5 Flashcards
(114 cards)
1
Q
Drug class: Action: Neutralize & Decrease Acidity
A
Antacids
2
Q
Drug class: Indication: Heartburn and Acid Ingestion Sour Stomach GERD Peptic Ulcer Disease Zollinger Ellison Syndrome Hyperphosphatemia Calcium / Magnesium Deficiency
A
Antacids
3
Q
Increased Magnesium can lead to, is contraindicated with (2)
A
Diarrhea toxicity, Dehydration - dont use in Renal Failure, alcoholics
4
Q
Increased Aluminum can lead to, used in
A
Constipation, Dehydration - used for Renal Failure
5
Q
Increased Calcium can lead to (3)
A
Bloating, Dehydration, Systemic Alkalosis
6
Q
Increased Sodium Bicarbonate can lead to (2)
A
Systemic Alkalosis, Rebound Acidity
7
Q
What drug class can we use to regulate pH activity
A
Antacid, preferably 3-4
8
Q
Frequency of Antacids (3)
A
12 hours after meals and at the hour of sleep
Has 3 hour duration
Not to exceed 2 week time period
9
Q
When we have acutely ill patients we must maintain a pH of
A
7
10
Q
When using antacids, stool may be _____ in color
A
chalky
11
Q
When using enteric meds after antacids what is one thing we must expect
A
Drug may be broken down sooner than its supposed to because of pH change
12
Q
Antihistamines block which beta receptor site
A
H1 beta receptor site
13
Q
Drug class: Action: Block H2 receptor site on parietal cells decreasing the volume and pH of gastric acid
A
Antisecretory
14
Q
Antisecretory meds generally have a
A
longer duration
15
Q
Drug class: Indication: Hypersecretory states PUD GERD Zollinger Ellison Decrease amount of HCL being produced
A
Antisecretory
16
Q
Frequency of Antisecretory (2)
A
Short term (4-8 weeks) Prophylactic use (Hour of sleep 10pm)
17
Q
Side effects of Anti Secretory
A
Dizziness Headache Disorientation Hallucination Depression Cardiac arrhythmia Decreased bonemarrow MALE BREASTS (Gynecomastia)
18
Q
Gynecomastia is
A
Male breasts
19
Q
What should we monitor for people taking Anti secretory (3)
A
EKG
Apical pulse
RBC, WBC, Thrombos, CBC
20
Q
What are some contraindications of Anti secretory meds (3)
A
Children under 16
Lactating women
Chronic Liver/Kidney disease
21
Q
Anti secretory meds can alter the results of (2)
A
allergy test
Gastric acid testing
22
Q
Nursing implications for giving Anti secretory meds (3)
A
Give with food except for Nizatidine
Bowel Plan
asses for mood changes
23
Q
Drug class: Action: Forms a complex that adheres to the ulcer crater, protecting it from irritation
A
Cytoprotective
24
Q
Avg dose for Cytoprotective
A
1g 4x a day
25
Cytoprotective drugs need an ____________ to be absorbed
acidic environment
26
Cytoprotective drugs are more effective when
stomach is empty
27
Because Cytoprotective meds can cause constipation patient should be on
Bowel plan
28
Best time to take cytoprotective meds are
before meals, or at hour of sleep
29
If patient is taking a cytoprotective med and an antacid, we should instruct them to
Take antacid 1/2 hour before of 1/2 hour after
30
Drug class: Action: Reduce gastric acid secretion and protect the mucosal surface of the stomach
Prostaglandins
31
Drug class: Indication: Prevent gastric ulcer resulting from the use of ASA and NSAIDS
Prostaglandins
32
Side effects of Prostaglandins include
Abdominal pain
diarrhea
Increased uterine contraction and vaginal bleeding
33
Before we give our patients a prostaglandins we should make sure of
negative pregnancy
34
Drug class: Action: Suppress gastric acid secretion by blocking the final step in production of HCI. Acts by binding with Potassium, Adenosine triphosphate and hydrogen in the stomach
Proton Pump Inhibitors
35
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Drug class: Indication:
PUD
GERD
Zollinger - Ellison Syndrome
Helibacter Pylori
```
Proton Pump Inhibitors
36
Proton Pump Inhibitors are mainly used for
hyper acidic conditions
37
The two anti secretory drugs classes are
H2 blockers and Proton pump inhibitors
38
It is recommended to take Proton Pump Inhibitors on a
empty stomach or before meals
39
Side effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors
Gastric Toxicity
| Hypersensitivity
40
In patients with Helicobacter Pylori there Helidac pack consists of (3)
Bismuth
Tetracycline
Metronidazole
41
Drug class: Action: Breakdown fats, starches, and protein
Digestants
42
Drug class: Indication: Replacement in pancreatic enzyme deficiency
Digestants
43
Digestants should be taken .... because...
with meals because it helps break down food that there eating
44
Side effects of Digestants are (3)
N+V
Diarrhea
Hyperuricemia
45
Before administering Digestants we should check for
allergy to pork
46
Drug class: Action: Induce vomiting
Emetic
47
Drug class: Action: Attracts substances to its surface and prevent their absorption in the GI tract
Absorbent / Activated charcoal
48
Drug class: Indication: Ingestion of poison or drug overdose
Absorbent / Activated charcoal
49
Side effect of Absorbents / Activated Charcoal
Black stools
50
Absorbents can be given .... and are usually given with .....
oral or NG
| Water or fruit juice
51
Drug: Action: Defoaming agent that breaks up gas bubbles
Simethicone (Mylicon)
52
Drug: Indication: Post partum gas bubbles
Simethicone (Mylicon)
53
Drug class: Action: Suppress the vomiting center in the medulla
Antiemetics
54
Drug class: Indication: N+V, PONV, vertigo motion sickness, hiccoughs
Antiemetics
55
Drug class: Action: Blocks dopamine receptor site in CTZ
Dopamine Antagonist
56
PONV stands for
Post op N+V
57
Drug class: Indication: Short term for N+V related to anticancer drugs
Dopamine Antagonist
58
Drug class: Action: Block pathway to the CTZ to decrease vomiting (2)
Antihistamine / Anticholinergic
59
Drug class: Indication: Choice for motion sickness, vertigo, pregnancy (2)
Antihistamine
60
Scopolamine is administered
behind the ear
61
Drug class: Action: Marijuana derivatives
Cannabinoids
62
Drug class: Indication: N+V associated with anticancer drugs , used to stimulate appetite
Cannaboids
63
Side effects for Cannaboids
Mental depression, clouding, lack of concentration, addiction
64
Drug class: Action: Block the 5-HT3
Serotonin Antagonist
65
Drug class: Indication: N+V associated with anticancer drugs, PONV
Serotonin Antagonist
66
Drug class: Action: Gastric content in small intestines faster by increasing upper GI motility
Gastric Stimulant
67
Do not administer Gastric Stimulants in people with
intestinal obstruction
68
Drug class: Action: Reduce anxiety and used as a adjuncts
Benzodiazepine
69
Drug class: Indication: Reduce anxiety, induce amnesia
Benzodiazepine
70
Drug class: Indication: Adjuvant for N+V associated with use of anticancer drugs
Glucocorticoids
71
Drug class: Action: Promote evacuation of the bowel
Laxatives
72
Drug class: Indication:
Constipation
To prepare for procedure
Laxatives
73
Drug class: Action: Increase bulk in the stool to stimulate peristalsis
Bulk laxative
74
Drug class: Action: Oils that soften the stools and allow easy passage of the fecal mass
Lubricant / Emollient
75
Drug class: Indication: Prevent chronic constipation
Lubricant / Emollient
76
Drug class: Action: When in contact with the bowel cause irritation of the bowel to stimulate peristalsis. They absorbed into the systemic circulation and also draw water into the bowel which result in a watery stool
Stimulant/Irritant/Contact
77
Drug class: Indication: Intermittently to prepare the patient for diagnostic test in the GI tract like barium GI
Stimulant/Irritant/Contact
78
Drug class: Action: Hypertonic solution that concentrate in the bowel and attracts water from the tissue into the bowels by a process of osmosis
Saline
79
Drug class: Indication: Mainly used as bowel prop prior to surgery of diagnostic test in the GI system such as sigmoidoscopy colonoscopy
Saline
80
Used to cleanse the bowel by fluid overload that is osmotically balanced
Bowel Evacuant
81
Drug class: Action: Draws water into the stools to soften the stools to make a passage easier
Fecal Softener
82
Drug class: Indication: To PREVENT constipation and straining in patients
Fecal Softener
83
Drug class: Action: decreased peristalsis
Antidiarrheal Agents
84
Drug class: Action: decreased peristalsis
spasm
GI motility
Opiates
85
Drug class: Action: Act through the parasympathetic nervous system
Antispasmodic / Spasmolytics / Belladonna Alkaloids
86
Generic Cimetidine
Tagamet
87
Generic Famotidine
Pepcid
88
Generic Prochlorperazine
Compazine
89
Generic Hydroxyzine
Atarax-Vistaril
90
Generic Meclizine
Antivert
91
Generic Metoclopramide
Reglan
92
Generic Psyllium
Metamucil
93
Generic Bisacodyl
Dulcolax
94
Generic Docusate sodium
Colace
95
Generic Diphenoxylate HCL
Imodium
96
Generic Lactulose
Cephulac
97
Generic Sucralfate
Carafate
98
Generic Omeprazole
Prilosec
99
Generic Ondansetron
Zofran
100
Trade Tagamet
histamine H2-receptor antagonist
101
Trade Pepcid
histamine H2-receptor antagonist.
102
Trade Prilosec
Proton Pump Inhibitor
103
Trade Zofran (2)
serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists
| antiemetics
104
Trade Compazine (2)
conventional antipsychotics
| antiemetics
105
Trade Atarax-Vistaril (2)
antihistamine with anticholinergic
106
Trade Antivert (2)
antihistamine with antiemetic (anti-nausea)
107
Trade Reglan
antiemetic
108
Trade Metamucil (2)
bulk forming agents
| laxatives
109
Trade Dulcolax
laxatives
110
Trade Colace (3)
laxatives
stimulant laxatives
stool softeners
111
Trade Lomotil
antidiarrheals
| anticholinergics
112
Trade Imodium
antidiarrheals
113
Trade Cephulac
laxatives
| osmotic
114
Trade Carafate
gi protectants
