GI Pharmacology Flashcards
(30 cards)
maropitant (cerenia)
antiemetic
NK-1 antagonist
ADULTS - dogs, cats, horses
broad spectrum - all triggers
NOT for use in young
ondansetron
antiemetic
5-HT3 serotonin antagonist
dogs, cats
chemotherapy/broad spectrum
NOT vestibular
cardiac effects
disrupts GI motility
metoclopramide
antiemetic
D2, 5-HT3, and H1 antagonist
dogs (antiemetic), cats (prokinetic)
broad spectrum - NOT vestibular
CNS excitement
NO seizures, heart failure, GI obstruction
antihistamines
antiemetic
histamine antagonist
dogs
vestibular
Mild sedation
Rare CNS excitement
phenothiazines
(not common) antiemetic
cats
vestibular
hypotension
sedation
phenothiazines
(not common) antiemetic
cats
vestibular
hypotension
sedation
antacids
gastroprotectant - buffer
all species
prevents ulcers
binds other drugs (dec bioavailability)
sucralfate
gastroprotectant
binds mucosal ulcers & inc. PGE-1 synthesis
horses
soothes ulcer pain
binds other drugs (admin 2 hours apart)
constipation
famotidine
gastroprotectant
H2 antagonist
dogs, cats, occ. horses
decreases acid release in response to histamine
tachyphylactic
cimetidine inhibits CYP450
omeprazole/pantoprazole
gastroprotectant
proton pump inhibitors
all species
inhibits acid secretion from all stimuli
diarrhea
loss of pathogen protection
CYP450 inhibitors
taper off - avoid over secretion
misoprostol
gastroprotectant
synthetic PGE-1
large animals
NSAID toxicity
increases GI motility
metaclopramide
prokinetic
5-HT4 agonist
D2 antagonist
cats (pro kinetic), dogs (antiemetic)
gastric + SI motility
CNS hyperexcitation
cisapride
prokinetic
5-HT4 agonist
cats, dogs
colon + broad spectrum
minimal side effects - does not cross BBB
erythromycin
prokinetic
macrolide - motilin agonist
horses, ruminants
esophagus + stomach
diarrhea, dysbiosis, tachyphylactic
lidocaine
prokinetic
blocks voltage gated Na channels, antiinflammatory
large animals
SI + colon
neurologic signs
bethanechol
prokinetic
muscarinic agonist
dogs, cats, horses
stomach + SI
cholinergic signs (SLUD)
neostigmine
prokinetic
muscarinic agonist
horses
colon
bismuth subsalicylate
antidiarrheal
bismuth - absorbs bacterial toxins
salicylate - antiPGE/inflamm.
YOUNG large animals
mild diarrhea
salicylate - absorbed systemically
activated charcoal
antidiarrheal
adsorbent
all species
toxin ingestion (endo/exogenous)
di-tri-octahedral smectite
antidiarrheal
adsorbent
all species
endogenous toxins
tylosin
antidiarrheal
antibiotic (macrolide)
small animals
antibiotic responsive diarrhea
NOT for use in horses
metronidazole
antidiarrheal
antibiotic - damages bacterial DNA
horses, small animals
clostridial/anaerobic colitis
antibiotic responsive diarrhea
NOT for ruminants/food animals
neurologic signs
corticosteroids
antidiarrheals
prednisone, prednisolone, budesonide
immune modulators
dogs, cats
IBD and GI lymphoma
prokinetics for dogs/cats
metoclopramide, cisapride
