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546 Body Systems 2 > Gi System > Flashcards

Gi System Flashcards

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1
Q

basic functions of GI system

A

motility
secretion
digestion
absorption

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2
Q

GI system nervous system is called:

A

enteric NS
part of ANS, manages GI fx

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3
Q

what % of immune cells are in the gut?

A

80-90%

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4
Q

in which of the 9 regions of the abdomen is visceral/organ pain commonly felt?

A

midline: epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric

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5
Q

epigastric pain comes from:

A

organs innervated T3-5
heart, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, gallbladder, liver

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6
Q

periumbilical pain comes from:

A

organs innervated by T9-T11
small intestine, pancreas, appendix
concerning, see MD

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7
Q

what level is umbilicus at?

A

L3-4

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8
Q

hypogastric pain comes from:

A

T10-L2
colon

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9
Q

esophagus pain referral innervation and area

A

T4-6
substernal, upper abdomen

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10
Q

stomach pain referral innervation and area

A

T6-T10
mid/lower t spine, upper abdomen

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11
Q

small intestine pain referral innervation and area

A

T7-10
mid t spine

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12
Q

pancreas pain referral innervation and area

A

T6-10
upper/lower t spine and upper abdomen

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13
Q

gallbladder pain referral innervation and area

A

T7-9
R upper abdomen, R mid and lower t spine

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14
Q

liver pain referral innervation and area

A

T7-9
R mid and lower t spine, R c spine

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15
Q

bile duct pain referral innervation and area

A

T6-10
upper abdomen, mid L spine

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16
Q

large intestine pain referral innervation and area

A

T11-L1
lower abdomen and mid L spine

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17
Q

sigmoid colon pain referral innervation and area

A

T11-L2
upper sacral region, suprapubic region, LLQ abdomen

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18
Q

risk factors for esophageal cancer

A

tobacco
acl
GERD
obesity
>55 y/o
poor nutrition habits

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19
Q

s/s of esophageal cancer

A

difficulty swallowing, weight loss, chest pain, cough, hoarse, progressive indigestion

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20
Q

esophageal cancer stats worldwide, SU, mortality

A

7th most common worldwide, 6th cause of death wordwide, 1% of cancer in US

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21
Q

most stomach cancer caused in which tissue?

A

stomach lining, 90%

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22
Q

s/s of stomach cancer

A

fatigue
bloating after meals
feel full after small amount of food
persistent N/V
weight loss
stomach pain

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23
Q

s/s of intestinal cancer

A

vague
abdominal pain
weight loss
weakness
fatigue
bloody/tarry stools
lump in stomach area

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24
Q

colorectal cancer stats

A

2nd cause of death in US

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25
gall bladder cancer s/s
asymptomatic more women than men increased w age increased w chronic problems more in non hispanic AA
26
GERD
blacflow of stomach acid into esophagus due to sphincter malfunction aggravated by positioning, restrictive clothing, supine after meals
27
peptic ulcer
loss of tissue lining in lower esophagus, stomach, or duodenum
28
GERD s/s
heartburn, chest pain, dysphagia, lump in throat, wheezing, hoarsness, coughing, earache, sore throat
29
alarm symptoms for GERD
respiratory distress, apnea, dysphagia, failure to thrive
30
causes of peptic ulcers
h pylori infection chronic use of NSAIDs
31
s/s of peptic ulcer
epigastric pain, heartburn burning near xiphoid in waves radiating to back/R shoulder n/v, loss of appetite, weight loss, back pain, light headed perforation/bleeding: bright red blood, coffee ground, melena
32
symptoms associated w h pylori infection
halitosis rosacea
33
pain 30-90 after eating indicates
ulcer in esophagus/stomach food exacerbates
34
pain 2-4 hours after eating indicates
pyloric/duodenal ulcer relieved by food
35
pain 12pm - 3pm indicates
duodenal ulcer or cancer pain cancer pain is high intensity
36
early satiety is a sign of
obstruction, stomach cancer, gastroparesus, peptic ulcer, tumor
37
IBS s/s
diarrhea, constipation, chronic recurrent abd pain
38
malabsorption syndrome
nutrients not absorbed in GI system, contributes to malnutrition
39
functional constipation
need 2 of these: straining, hard/lump stool, incomplete evacuation, sense of obstruction, manual maneuvers, <3 stools per week, no loose stools w/o laxative, not IBS can cause back pain
40
red flag symptoms w constipaiton
sudden unexplained change in bowel habits, blood in stool
41
concern w chronic diarrhea and weight loss
cancer or IBS
42
causes of fecal incontinence
obstruction, colitis, radiation, anal distortion, hemorrhoids, surgery
43
diverticulosis
small pocket in wall of digestive tract
44
diverticulitis
infection in pouch of intestines
45
s/s of diverticulitis
asymptomatic bloating cramps constipation n/v localized pain TTP
46
which intestinal diseases have risk of blood clot
inflammatory bowel diseases
47
inflammatory bowel diseases
ulcerative colitis crohns disease
48
ulcerative colitis
inflammation of inner lining causing abd discomfort, diarrhea w blood/pus
49
crohns disease
any part of tract fever, abscess, LBP relieved by BM
50
types of IBS
diarrhea predominant constipation predominant mixed unclassified
51
special tests for appendicitis
rebound tenderness at mcburney's pt rovsing sign psoas sign obturator sign
52
pancreatitis acute s/s
epigastric pain, n/v, diarrhea, anorexia, abd distension, fever, sweating, tachycardia, malaise, weakness, bluish color, jaundice
53
chronic pancreatitis s/s
acute + weight loss, fatty stools, clay color stool
54
s/s of spleen rupture
LUQ pain, L shoulder pain, lightheaded, dizzy, blurred vision
55
mechanical obstruction
adhesion, hernia, twisting, tumor
56
functional obstruction
ileus propulsive bowel activity is inhibited
57
s/s of obstruction
cramping pain, sudden distension, n/v, high pitched/absent bowel sounds, bloody stool
58
treat obstruction in acute setting - PT POC
early mobilization, deep breathing, bed mobility, transfers
59
obesity classifications
1: 30-34.9 2:35-39.9 3: 40+ 4:50+ 5: 60+
60
gastric band
small pouch in upper stomach w adjustable band non permanent
61
sleeve gastrectomy
gastric pouch with permanent stapling
62
roux en Y
gastric bypass create puch 20-30 ml, distal stomach to proximal bowel is bypassed permanent
63
barriers to exercise s/p gastric bypass
frustration reluctance in public: support, group lack of time: intermittent activity joint pain: aquatic, RICE, meds lack of interest: enjoyable exercise, support group
64
BW lost 2 and 12 years after gastric bypass
35% 2 years 27.5% 12 years
65
abdominal precautions post gastric bypass
no lifting>10lbs no bending 90 degrees hip flexion no valsalva soft abdominal binder
66
mobility post op gastric bypass - PT POC
walking day 1 progress walking program to community distances, daily walking strength added 1 month post
67
post op edu for gastric bypass
abdominal tenderness positioning to reduce strain on incision site long term benefits aerobic/resistance intensity barriers/solutions for exercise
68
kher's sign
pain in l shoulder when pressure on upper abdomen air or blood in abdomen
69
danworth sign
pain in shoulder w inspiration air or blood in abdomen
70
4 tests for systemic causes of hip/thigh pain
heel tap: pick up leg and tap heel hop test: 1 leg hop iliopsoas test: SLR palpate iliopsoas

546 Body Systems 2 (8 decks)

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