G.I.T Flashcards

(17 cards)

1
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Presentation

A
  • Severe epigastric pain with nausea and vomiting

- Constant, intense and is referred to upper back

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2
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Characterization

A

-Acute onset of abdominal pain resulting from enzymatic necrosis and inflammation of pancreas

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3
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Associations (main)

A

-80% assoc w/ gallstones and alcoholism

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4
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Infectious causes

A
  1. Mumps
  2. Coxsackie
  3. Mycoplasma
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5
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Drug causes

A
  1. Diuretics
  2. Azothioprine
  3. Estrogens
  4. Sulfanomides
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6
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - ischemic causes

A
  1. Shock
  2. Trauma
  3. Vascular thrombosis
  4. Embolism
  5. Vasculitis
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7
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Other causes of epigastric pain (differential)

A
  1. Esophagitis (reflux)
  2. Gastritis
  3. Peptic Ulcers
  4. Cholecystitis
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8
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Clincal Features

A

1) Leukocytosis
2) DIC
3) Hemolysis
4) Peripheral vascular collapse
5) Shock with ATN, ARDS
6) Hypocalcemia (due to saponification) - tetany
7) Raised amylase levels in first 24 hours
8) Raised lipase levels within 72-96 hours

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9
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Complications

A

1) ARDS
2) ATN
3) Pancreatic abscess

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10
Q

Acute Pancreatitis - Morphology

A

1) Focal areas of fat necrosis in pancreas and peripancreatic tissues and abdominal cavity
2) Chalky white areas of Ca++ deposition (saponification) - appear radiopaque on radiographs
3) Severe cases - Necrosis of pancreatic tissue (acini, ducts, and islets) with hemorrhage (hemorrhagic pancreatitis)

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11
Q

Chronic Pancreatitis - Characterization

A

Repeated bouts of mild to moderate pancreatic inflammation with loss of pancreatic parenchyma and its replacement by fibrous tissue

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12
Q

Chronic Pancreatitis - Common epidemiology

A

middle aged alcoholics

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13
Q

Chronic Pancreatitis - Etiology

A

1) Pancreatic Divisum
2) Autoimmune pancreatitis
3) Tropical Pancreatitis
4) Hereditary Pancreatitis
5) CFTR mutation associated
6) 40% no obvious cause

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14
Q

Chronic Pancreatitis - Presentation

A

Repeated attacks or persistent moderate-severe abdominal and back pain

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15
Q

Chronic Pancreatitis - Clinical Features

A

1) Malabsorption
2) Diabetes
3) Pseudocysts

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16
Q

Chronic Pancreatitis - Complications

A

1) Pleural effusions
2) Pancreatic Pseudocyst
3) Diabetes
4) Pain from perineural fibrosis
5) Pancreatic calcification
6) Stones in pancreatic duct
7) Ascites
8) Fat malabsorption (steatorrhea, dec vit K)

17
Q

Autoimmune Pancreatits - Synonyms

A

1) Lymphoblastic Sclerosing Pancreatitis
2) Duct-destructive chronic pancreatitis
3) Sclerosing chronic pancreatitis